2023年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、The SmogFｏｒover a month, Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought fｏｒ50 years. Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight ａｎｄ　hot dry air to form a cloud of smog. This pollution quickly spread ａｎｄ　within days it was hanging over neighboring countries including Malaysia, Singapore ａｎｄ　Thailand. When the smoke combined with pollution from factories ａｎｄ　cars, it soon became poisonous. Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog ａｎｄ　pollution levels rose. People wheezed (喘息) ａｎｄ　coughed as they left the house ａｎｄ　their eyes watered immediately. The smog made it impossible to see across streets ａｎｄ　whole cities disappeared as grey soot(烟灰) covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed (用胶管浇) from high-rise city buildings to try ａｎｄ　break up the smog. Finally, heavy rains, which came in November. Put out the fires ａｎｄ　clear the air. But the environmental costs ａｎｄ　health problems will remain. Many people from South-Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes ａｎｄ　factory pollution Breathing problems could well increase ａｎｄ　many non-sufferers may have difficulties fｏｒthe first time. Wildlife has suffered too. In lowlａｎｄ　forests, elephants, deer, ａｎｄ　tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog. But smog is not just an Asian problem. In fact. was world was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke ａｎｄ　thick fog. Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick ａｎｄ　poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems ｏｒin accidents. About 4, 000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952. The forest animals haven\'t been affected by the smog. 【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:B

答案解析:题句的意思是“森林里的动物未曾受到烟雾的影响”。文中第4段最后一句提到一些动物由于烟雾逃出了森林。题句意思与原文有出入，故选B。

2、It took us a long time to mend the house. 【单选题】

A.build

B.destroy

C.design

D.repair

正确答案:D

答案解析:mend和repair都有“修理”的意思；build：建设；destroy：破坏；design:设计。

3、Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular RiskBreastfeeding can reduce the risk of a heart attack ｏｒstroke later in life ａｎｄ　could prevent hundreds of thousands of deaths each year, researchers said on Friday. Babies who are breastfed have fewer childhood infections ａｎｄ　allergies ａｎｄ　are less prone to obesity. British scientists have now shown that breastfeeding ａｎｄ　slow growth in the first weeks ａｎｄ　months of life has a protective effect against cardiovascular disease. "Diets that promote more rapid growth put babies at risk many years later in terms of raising their blood pressure, raising their cholesterol ａｎｄ　increasing their tendency to diabetes ａｎｄ　obesity-the four main risk factors fｏｒstroke ａｎｄ　heart attack." said ProfessｏｒAlan Lucas of the Institute of Child Health in London. "Our evidence suggests that the reason why breast-fed babies do better is because they grow more slowly in the early weeks."Lucas said the effects of breastfeeding on blood pressure ａｎｄ　cholesterol later in life are greater than anything adults can do to control the risk factors fｏｒcardiovascular disease, other than taking drugs. An estimated 17 million people die of cardiovascular disease, particularly heart attack ａｎｄ　strokes, each year, according to the World Health Organization. Lucas ａｎｄ　his colleagues compared the health of 216 teenagers who as babies had either been breastfed ｏｒgiven different nutritional baby formulas\' They reported their findings in The Lancet medical journal. The teenagers who had been ______ had a 14 percent lower ratio of bad to good cholesterol ａｎｄ　lower concentrations of a protein that is a marker fｏｒcardiovascular disease risk. The researchers also found that regardless of the child\'s weight at birth, the faster the infants grew in the early weeks ａｎｄ　months of life, the greater was their later risk of heart disease ａｎｄ　stroke. The effect was the same fｏｒboth boys ａｎｄ　girls. "The more human milk you have in the newborn period, the lower your cholesterol level is, the lower your blood pressure is 16 years later, "Lucas said. 【单选题】

A.surveyed

B.interviewed

C.handled

D.breastfed

正确答案:D

答案解析:选项D是文章主题词，因此成为答案的可能性较大。从句意看，该句讲述“曾经的青少年中坏胆固醇与好胆固醇的比率要低14%，而且他们的蛋白质积聚也较低，而蛋白质的积聚是患心血管疾病风险高低的标志之一”。文章主题是“母乳喂养能够减少心血管疾病的危险”，由此推测出现这种较好健康情况的人应该是“母乳喂养的人”，因此答案是D。

4、The police took fingerprints ａｎｄ　identified the body.【单选题】

A.recognized

B.missed

C.discovered

D.touched

正确答案:A

答案解析:警察采集指纹，辨认出了尸体。本题有一定难度，C项的干扰较大。identified指“辨认”，和recognized“认出”意思相近，C项discover指“发现”，最佳答案是A。

5、AirbusDespite bulging ｏｒｃｅｒbooks, the mood at Airbus ａｎｄ　Boeing is far from celebratory. Both aviation giants are moaning loudly that their production systems ａｎｄ　supply chains are flawed, albeit fｏｒostensibly different reasons. This week Louis Gallois, the boss of EADS, the Franco-German aerospace consortium that owns Airbus, added substance to warnings a week earlier by the planemaker’s chief executive, Tom Enders, that the dollar\'s decline was "life-threatening" fｏｒthe firm. Mr. Gallois said it was no longer just a possibility that Airbus would have to move a large part of its production to "the dollar zone" ｏｒlow-cost countries, but a certainty.Airbus is already in the middle of Power 8, a big restructuring plan that involves the loss of 10,000 jobs ａｎｄ　the sale of several plants, which is meant to offｓｅｔthe losses caused by the delays in delivering the A380 superjumbo. But Power 8 assumed that a euro was worth $ 1.35, not today\'s $ 1.47. Mr. Gallois estimates that each 10-cent rise in the euro costs Airbus 1 billion. At present, Airbus makes 76% of its purchases within Europe, but generates over 60% of its sales elsewhere. It must now shift some production abroad.Airbus is now likely to forge ahead much further. Mr. Gallois suggests that when the A350 enters service in 2013, 70% of it will have been "purchased" in dollars, against 50% fｏｒthe A380 ａｎｄ　an average 24% of Airbus production today. Because Airbus insists that some of its European suppliers price in dollars that means about 50% of the A350\'s production will be outsourced. New aircraft, such as the A320\'s successor, may be made almost entirely outside the euro-zone.Airbus maintains that exchange rates are not the only reason fｏｒoutsourcing: it is keen to tap into composite-manufacturing expertise wherever it exists. It also insists that it will not repeat the mistakes Boeing has made with its new 787 Dreamliner, about 80% of which has been outsourced. A few weeks ago Mike Bair, the executive responsible fｏｒthe 787 programme, who was recently moved sideways after mounting production delays, launched a withering attack on some of the companies recruited to build the plane. He said that in future Boeing would not entrust design work to partners who "proved incapable of doing it", ａｎｄ　would make suppliers build factories close to Boeing\'s main assembly operation, rather than flying semi-finished sections of the aircraft round the world on huge Dreamlifter transporters.It is too early to conclude that the two rivals are heading in opposite directions- Boeing renouncing the global supply chain just as Airbus adopts it. Each company has its own axe to grind. Airbus needs greater flexibility, ａｎｄ　the weak dollar provides helpful cover as it takes on its grumbling unions. Boeing, fｏｒits part, wants to shift the blame fｏｒdelays to the 787 on to its partners. The logic of global outsourcing in the aerospace industry remains powerful. Whatever they may be saying now. Airbus ａｎｄ　Boeing are more likely to converge than to diverge.Why Airbus ａｎｄ　Boeing are more likely to converge than to diverge?【单选题】

A.Boeing quits the global supply chain while Airbus adopts it.

B.Both of them need to adopt greater flexibility in the working process.

C.Both of them need to make their foreign purchases ａｎｄ　outsourcing more skillful ａｎｄ　powerful.

D.Both of them have to take measures to deal with problems caused by weak dollar.

正确答案:C

答案解析:细节考查题。题干考查的是为什么说两个公司是向同一个方向会合而不是兵分两路。两个公司的说法虽然不同，但它们终究还是需要进行海外采购，而海外采购需要有所改进，分别都要改进灵活性并且使海外采购变得更加强大。因此向同一个方向会合而不是兵分两路是就海外采购这方面而言的，故正确答案为C。

6、Singing Alarms Could Save the BlindIf you cannot see, you may not be able to find your way out of a burning building ａｎｄ　that could be fatal. A company in Leeds could change all that with directional sound alarms capable of guiding you to the exit. Sound Alert, a company run by the University of Leeds, is installing the alarms in a residential home fｏｒblind people in Sommerｓｅｔａｎｄ　a resource centre fｏｒthe blind in Columbia. The alarms produce a wide range of frequencies that enable the brain to determine where the sound is coming from. Deborah Withington of Sound Alert says that the alarms use most of the frequencies that can be heard by humans. "It\'s a burst of white noise that people say sounds like static on the radio," she says. "Its life-saving potential is great."She conducted an experiment in which people were filmed by thermal-imaging cameras trying to find their way out of a large ______ room. It took them nearly four minutes to find the doｏｒwithout a sound alarm, but only 15 seconds with one. Withington studies how the brain processes sounds at the university. She says that the source of a wide bａｎｄ　of frequencies can be pinpointed more easily than the source of a narrow band. Alarms basedon the same concept have already been installed on emergency vehicles. The alarms will also include rising ｏｒfalling frequencies to indicate whether people should go up ｏｒdown stairs. They were developed with the aid of a large grant from British Nuclear Fuels. 【单选题】

A.smoked

B.smoke-filled

C.filled with smoke

D.smoke-filling

正确答案:B

答案解析:从上下文可以看出，是一个定语修饰room，表示“充满了烟火的房间”，选项A、D意思不吻合，C作为定语，位置不应放在room前，应放后面。只有B合适。

7、Strike in MTV NetworksScores of workers from MTV Networks walked off the job yesterday afternoon, filling the sidewalk outside the headquarters of its corporate parent, Viacom, to protest recent changes in benefits. The walkout highlighted the concerns of a category of workers who are sometimes called permalancers： permanent freelancers who work like full-time employees but do not receive the same benefits.Waving signs that read "Shame on Viacom", the workers, most of them in their 20s, demanded that MTV Networks reverse a plan to reduce health ａｎｄ　dental benefits fｏｒfreelancers beginning Jan. 1. In a statement, MTV Networks noted that its benefits program fｏｒfull-time employees had also undergone changes, ａｎｄ　it emphasized that the plan fｏｒfreelancers was still highly competitive within the industry. Many freelancers receive no corporate benefits. But some of the protesters asserted that corporations were competing to see which could provide the most mediocre health care coverage. Matthew Yonda, who works at Nickelodeon, held a sign that labeled the network "Sick-elodeon". "I\'ve worked here every day fｏｒthree years-I\'m not a freelancer," Mr. Yonda said. "They just call us freelancers in ｏｒｃｅｒto bar us from getting the same benefits as employees."The changes to the benefits package were announced last Tuesday. Freelancers were told that they would become eligible fｏｒbenefits after 160 days of work, beginning in January. While that eased previous eligibility rules, which required freelancers to work fｏｒ52 weeks before becoming eligible, it would have required all freelancers not yet eligible fｏｒbenefits to start the waiting period over again on Jan. 1. The 401 (k) plan was also removed On Thursday, acknowledging the complaints, MTV Networks reinstated the 401 (k) plan ａｎｄ　said freelancers who had worked consistently since March would be eligible.Fueled by a series of blog posts on the media web site Gawker-the first post was headlined "The Viacom Permalance Slave System" -a loose cohort of freelancers created protest stickers ａｎｄ　distributed walkout fliers last week. Caroline O\'Hare, a unit manager who has worked fｏｒMTV fｏｒmore than two years, said the new health care plan-with higher deductibles ａｎｄ　a $ 2,000 cap on hospital expenses each year-had provoked outrage. "They think they can treat us like children that don\'t have families, mortgages ｏｒdreams of retirement," she said.Outside Viacom\'s headquarters, several workers held posters with the words, "There\'s too many of us to ignore." It was unclear how many freelancers are on the company\'s payroll; an MTV Networks spokeswoman said the figure was not known because it rises ａｎｄ　falls throughout the year. The company has 5,500 full-time employees, excluding freelancers, around the world.Two freelancers ａｎｄ　one full-time employee, who asked not to be identified fｏｒfear of retribution, estimated that the percentage of freelancers in some departments exceeded 75 percent. Another labｏｒaction is expected to take place outside Viacom later this week. Members of the Writers Guild of America, who have been on strike fｏｒfive weeks, are expected to picket there on Thursday.Towards MTV Networks\' change on the benefits plan, the author\'s attitude can be said to be ______.【单选题】

A.affirmative

B.negative

C.biased

D.neutral

正确答案:B

答案解析:态度题。题干考查的是对于MTV网络在福利方案方面所作的调整，作者持怎样的态度。根据上下文可以看出，文章措辞比较客观，但根据作者引用的例子可以看出，作者对新福利方案还是持否定态度的。故正确答案为B。

8、An Intelligent CarDriving needs sharp eyes, keen ears, quick brain, ａｎｄ　coordination between hands ａｎｄ　the brain. Many human drivers have all. these ａｎｄ　can control a fast-moving car. But how does an intelligent car control itself ?There is a virtual driver in the smart car. This virtual driver has "eyes," "brains", "hands" ａｎｄ　"feet", too. The mini-cameras on each side of the car are his "eyes," which observe the road ａｎｄ　conditions ahead of it. They watch the traffic to the car\'s left ａｎｄ　right. There is also a highly automatic driving system in the car. It is the built-in computer, which is the virtual driver\'s "brain". His "brain" calculates the speeds of other moving cars near it ａｎｄ　analyzes their positions. Basing on this information, it chooses the right line fｏｒthe intelligent cars, ａｎｄ　gives instructions to the "hands" ａｎｄ　"feets" to act accordingly. In this way, the virtual driver controls his car. What is the virtual driver\'s best advantage? He reacts rapidly. The mini-cameras are sending images continuously to the "brain". It completes the processing of the images within 100 milliseconds. However, the world\'s best driver at least needs one second to react. Besides, when he takes action, he needs one more second. The virtual driver is really wonderful. He can reduce the accident ______. considerably on expressway. In this case, can we let him have the wheel at any time ａｎｄ　in any place? Experts warn that we cannot do that just yet. His ability to recognize things is still limited. He can now only drive an intelligent car on expressways. 【单选题】

A.count

B.amount

C.digit

D.rate

正确答案:D

答案解析:直接借助空白所在的局部搭配（事故……）判断答案是D（事故发生率）。

9、Greene spent a brief time at Cambridge.【单选题】

A.hard

B.good

C.short

D.long

正确答案:C

答案解析:格林在剑桥做了简短停留。本题难度不大，干扰项干扰不大，是送分题，可以确认brief和short都是“简短的”意思，答案是C。

10、One Good Reason to Let Smallpox LiveIt\'s now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction (灭绝) of the smallpox (天花) virus. When smallpox was completely got rid of in the world, scientists wanted to destroy the killer virus in the last two labs, one in the US ａｎｄ　one in Russia. They asked: If smallpox has truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let go of such a powerful potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials (小药瓶). ａｎｄ　the last "official" stocks of live Virus bred mistrust of the US ａｎｄ　Russia, fｏｒno obvious gain.Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way fｏｒtests on new treatments ａｎｄ　vaccines(疫苗). So once again there\'s a good reason to the virus, just in keep the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we case with the mistrust of the US ａｎｄ　Russia? deal. Keep the virus Simple international support in a well - guarded UN laboratory that\'s open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it with a multilateral (多边的) approach to just about everything. But it doesn\'t mean the idea is _____. If the virus is useful, then let\'s wrong it the servant of all humanity make not just a part of it.【单选题】

A.adopts

B.rejects

C.suggests

D.introduces

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度，考查词义辨析。本题可以借助语法知识来确定答案。句子的前后两部分用as连接，表明前后两句话的意思相近，前半句中出现object 一词，那么后面应用object的近义词，都是“反对”的意思，答案是B。