2023年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、The Hurricane1. A hurricane (飓风) is a tropical storm with winds that have reached a constant speed of 74 miles per hour. Hurricane winds blow in a large spiral(螺旋) around a relative calm center known as the "eye". The "eye" is generally 20 to 30 miles wide, ａｎｄ　the storm may extend outward 400 miles. As a hurricane nears land, it can bring heavy rains, high winds ａｎｄ　storm surges(风暴潮). The storm surges ａｎｄ　heavy rains can lead to flooding.2. Hurricanes are given a different label, depending on where they occur. If they begin over the North Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, The Gulf of Mexico, ｏｒthe Northeast Pacific Ocean, they are called hurricanes. Similar storms that occur in the Northwest Pacific Ocean west of the Internaional Date Line are called typhoons near Australia ａｎｄ　in the Indian Ocean, they are referred to as tropical cyclones(龙卷风).3. When a hurricane hits land, it can do great damage through its fierce winds, heavy rains, inland(内陆的) flooding ａｎｄ　huge waves crashing on to the shore. During a hurricane, homes, businesses ａｎｄ　public buildings may be damaged ｏｒdestroyed, roads ａｎｄ　bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more people ａｎｄ　destroy more property than any other natural disaster. Fishermen are at special risk from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurricane arrives ａｎｄ　not be able to get to a safe harbｏｒif they do not receive adequate warning.4. If a hurricane is comming in your area, the most important thing is to stay calm ａｎｄ　find shelter immediately. Go to your safe room. If you do not have one, stay indoors during the hurricane ａｎｄ　go to a safer place near the center of your home. Cover yourself with a blanket ａｎｄ　be sure to keep away from windows ａｎｄ　glass doors, because if the glass breaks it’s really dangerous. Do not be fooled if there is lull(暂停), it could be the eye of the storm—winds will pick up again.Paragraph 1 ______【单选题】

A.Where do hurricanes usually happen?

B.What damages can a hurricane cause?

C.What should you do during a hurricane?

D.What is a hurricane?

E.What are different names of hurricanes?

F.How do you know a hurricane is coming?

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题有一定难度，段落主旨句不明显，需要通读文章第一段。通读文章第一段可以发现，第一段主要对飓风下了定义，对飓风概念进行了解释，回来看选项，D项简单概括了第一段的主要意思，是答案。

2、Dung to DeathFields across Europe are contaminated with dangerous levels of the antibiotics given to farm animals. The drugs, which are in manure sprayed onto fields as fertilizers, could be getting into our food ａｎｄ　water, helping to create a new generation of antibiotic-resistant "superbugs". The warning comes from a researcher in Switzerlａｎｄ　who looked at levels of the drugs in farm slurry His findings are particularly shocking because Switzerlａｎｄ　is one of the few countries to have banned antibiotics as growth promoters in animal dead.Some 20,000 tons of antibiotics are used in the European ｕｎｉｏｎａｎｄ　the US each year. More than half are given to farm-animals to prevent disease ａｎｄ　promote growth. But recent research has found a direct link between the increased use of these farmyard drugs ａｎｄ　the appearance of antibiotic-resistant bugs that infect people. Most researchers assumed that humans become infected with the resistant strains by eating contaminated meat. But far more of the drugs end. up in manure than in meat products, says Stephen Mueller of the Swiss Federal Institute fｏｒEnvironmental Science ａｎｄ　Technology in Dubendorf. ａｎｄ　manure contains especiaily high levels of bugs that are resistant to antibiotics he says.With millions of tons of animals manure spread onto fields of crops such as wheat ａｎｄ　barley each year, this pathway seems an equally likely route fｏｒspreading resistance, he said. The drugs contaminate the crops, which are then eaten. They could also be leaching into tap water pumped from rocks beneath fertilized fields.Mueller is particularly concerned about aｇｒｏｕｐof antibiotics called sulphonamides. ______ His analysis found that Swiss farm manure contains a high percentage of sulphonamides; each hectare of field could be contaminated with up to 1 kilogram of the drugs. This concentration is high enough to trigger the development of resistance among bacteria. But vets are not treating the issue seriously. There is growing concern at the extent to which drugs, including antibiotics, are polluting the environment. Many drugs given to humans are also excreted unchanged ａｎｄ　are not broken down by conventional sewage treatment.【单选题】

A.They do not easily degrade ｏｒdissolve in water.

B.ａｎｄ　manure contains especiaily high levels of bugs that are resistant to antibiotics he says.

C.Animal antibiotics is still an area to which insufficient attention has been paid

D.But recent research has found a direct link between the increased use of these farmyard drugs ａｎｄ　the appearance of antibiotic-resistant bugs that infect people.

E.His findings are particularly shocking because Switzerlａｎｄ　is one of the few countries to have banned antibiotics as growth promoters in animal dead.

F.They could also be leaching into tap water pumped from rocks beneath fertilized fields.

正确答案:A

答案解析:选项A中的主语They提示我们应该寻找一个复数的先行词，根据句子的意思：既不衰减又不溶于水，这个They指的不是人而是物，我们在上一句里找到sulphonamides。这个复数形式的名词，从意思上看也正合适。

3、A Great Quake Coming?Everyone lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the Bay Area ａｎｄ　they can devastate. In 1906, fｏｒexample, a majｏｒquake destroyed about 28000 buildings ａｎｄ　killed hundreds, perhaps thousands of people. Residents now wonder when will the next "Big One" strike. It\'s bound to happen someday. At least seven active fault(断层) lines run through the San Francisco area. Faults are places where pieces of Earth\'s crust (地壳) slide past each other. When these pieces slip, the ground shakes.To prepare fｏｒthat day, scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake ａｎｄ　predict how bad the damage might be when the next one happens.One new finding about the 1906 quake is that the San Andreas Fault split apart faster than scientists had assumed at the time. During small earthquakes, faults rupture(断裂) about 2.7 kilometers persecond. During bigger quakes, however, ruptures can happen faster than 3.5 kilometers persecond.At such high speeds, massive amounts of pressure build up, generating underground waves that can cause more damage than the quake itself. Lucky fｏｒSan Francisco, these pressure pulses (脉冲) traveled away from the city during the 1906 event.Looking ahead, scientists are trying to predict when the next majｏｒquake will occur. Records show that earthquakes were common before 1906. Since then, the area has been relatively quiet. Patterns in the data, however, suggest that the probability of a majｏｒearthquake striking the Bay Area before 2032 is at least 62 percent.New buildings in San Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakes. Still, more than 84 percent of the city\'s buildings are old ａｎｄ　weak. Analyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage.People who live there today tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty quiet fｏｒa while. According to the new research, however, it\'s not a matter that whether "the Big One" will hit here. It\'s just a matter of when.A majｏｒearthquake striking San Francisco someday is inevitable.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要认真吃透句意，做好判断。答案依据在第五段。第五段最后一句：the probability of a majｏｒearthquake striking the Bay Area before 2032 is at least 62 percent.谈到在2032年前海湾地区发生大地震的可能性至少是62%，说明概率很高，所以本题正确，答案是A。

4、An Intelligent CarDriving needs sharp eyes, keen ears, quick brain, ａｎｄ　coordination between hands ａｎｄ　the brain. Many human drivers have all. these ａｎｄ　can control a fast-moving car. But how does an intelligent car control itself ?There is a virtual driver in the smart car. This virtual driver has "eyes," "brains", "hands" ａｎｄ　"feet", too. The mini-cameras on each side of the car are his "eyes," which observe the road ａｎｄ　conditions ahead of it. They watch the traffic to the car\'s left ａｎｄ　right. There is also a highly automatic driving system in the car. It is the built-in computer, which is the virtual driver\'s "brain". His "brain" calculates the speeds of other moving cars near it ａｎｄ　analyzes their positions. Basing on this information, it chooses the right line fｏｒthe intelligent cars, ａｎｄ　gives instructions to the "hands" ａｎｄ　"feets" to act accordingly. In this way, the virtual driver controls his car. What is the virtual driver\'s best advantage? He reacts rapidly. The mini-cameras are sending images continuously to the "brain". It completes the processing of the images within 100 milliseconds. However, the world\'s best driver at least needs one second to react. Besides, when he takes action, he needs one more second. The virtual driver is really wonderful. He can reduce the accident rate. considerably on expressway. In this case, can we let him have the wheel at any time ａｎｄ　in any place? Experts ______ that we cannot do that just yet. His ability to recognize things is still limited. He can now only drive an intelligent car on expressways. 【单选题】

A.warn

B.suggest

C.invite

D.check

正确答案:A

答案解析:空白所在的句子说“专家……我们现在还不能这么做”，因此判断A（警告）是答案。

5、The town is famous fｏｒits magnificent buildings.【单选题】

A.high - rise

B.modern

C.ancient

D.splendid

正确答案:D

答案解析:这座小镇以华丽的建筑而出名。本题难度不大，干扰项干扰不强。magnificent和splendid都可指“华丽的”，是同义词，A项意为“高层的”，最佳答案是D。

6、A Bad IdeaThink you can walk, drive, take phone calls, e - mail ａｎｄ　listen to music at the same time 7 Well, New York\'s new law says you can\'t. ａｎｄ　you\'ll be fined $ 100 if you do so on a New York city street. The law went into force last month, following research ａｎｄ　a shocking number of accidents that involved people using electronic gadgets (小巧机械) when crossing the street.Who\'s to blame? Scientists say that our multitasking (多任务处理) abilities are limited. "We are under the impression that our brain can do more than it often can," says Rene Marois, a neuroscientist (神经科学家) in Tennessee. "But a core limitation is the inability to concentrate on two things at once."The young people are often considered the great multitaskers. However, an Oxford University research suggests this perception is open to question. Aｇｒｏｕｐof 18 to 21 years old ａｎｄ　aｇｒｏｕｐof 35 to 39 years old were given 90 seconds to translate images into numbers, using a simple code. The youngerｇｒｏｕｐdid 10 percent better when not interrupted. But when both groups were interrupted by a phone call ｏｒan instant message, the olderｇｒｏｕｐmatched the youngerｇｒｏｕｐin speed ａｎｄ　accuracy.It is difficult to measure the productivity lost by multitaskers. Jonathan Spira, chief analyst at Basex, a business - research firm, estimates that the cost of interruptions to the American economy is nearly $ 650 billion a year. _____. The surveys conclude that 28 percent of the workers\' time was spent on interruptions ａｎｄ　recovery time before they returned to their main tasks.【单选题】

A.Talking on a cell phone while driving brings you joy anyway.

B.The estimate is based on surveys with office workers.

C.The youngerｇｒｏｕｐdid 10 percent better when not interrupted.

D.However, an Oxford University research suggests this perception is open to question.

E.Scientists say that our multitasking (多任务处理) abilities are limited.

F.ａｎｄ　you\'ll be fined $ 100 if you do so on a New York city street.

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定的难度，需要认真阅读文章，理解好句意。可用排除法和代入法。本题的下文谈到了对（办公室）职工做的一次调查，涉及具体内容，所以可以推断此处应该是概括性的句子，来引导下文，而且和职工调查有关，回来看选项，把B代入文中，符合逻辑，答案是B。

7、Cell Phone Lets Your Secret OutYour cell phone holds secrets about you. Besides the names ａｎｄ　numbers that you\'ve programmed into it, traces of your DNA linger on the device, according to a new study.DNA is genetic material that appears in every cell. Like your fingerprint, your DNA is unique to you- because you have an identical twin. Scientists today routinely analyze DNA in blood, saliva, ｏｒhair left behind at the scene of a crime. The results often help detectives identify criminals ａｎｄ　their victims. Your cell phone can reveal more about you than you might think.Meghan J. McFadden, a scientist at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, heard about a crime in which the suspect bled onto a cell phone ａｎｄ　later dropped the device. This made her wonder whether traces of DNA lingered on cell phones even when no blood was involved. So she ａｎｄ　colleague Margaret Wallace of the City University of New York analyzed the flip open phones of 10 volunteers. They used swabs to collect invisible traces of the users from two parts of the phone: the outside, where the user holds it, ａｎｄ　the speaker, which is placed at the user\'s ear.The scientists scrubbed the phones using a solution made mostly of alcohol. The aim of washing was to remove all detectable traces of DNA. The owners got their phones back fｏｒanother week. Then the researchers collected the phones ａｎｄ　repeated the swabbing of each phone once more.The scientists discovered DNA that ______ to the phone\'s speaker on each of the phones. Better samples were collected from the outside of each phone, those swabs also picked up DNA that belonged to other people who had apparently also handled the phone. Surprisingly, DNA showed up even in swabs that were taken immediately after the phones were scrubbed. That suggests that washing won\'t remove all traces of evidence from a criminal\'s device. So cell phones can now be added to the list of clues that can clinch a crime scene investigation.【单选题】

A.was given

B.belonged

C.was owned

D.became

正确答案:B

答案解析:该句要表达的意思应该是：科学家在每一个手机上发现了属于手机拥有者的DNA。belong to是固定搭配，意思是：属于。A不符合句义，C和D不符合语法。

8、What Do Dreams Tell Us?Why do we dream? Do dreams have meanings? These are questions which have troubled man fｏｒthousands of years. The oldest surviving book on the interpretation of dreams is Egyptian ａｎｄ　is nearly 4,000 years old. In ancient Greece, it was thought that people who were ill could be cured by telling their dreams. They would relate their dreams to their doctors who would tell them what they meant ａｎｄ　then give them medicine to make them well. The ancient Chinese believed that if a pregnant woman dreamed of a bear, she would have a son, ａｎｄ　if she dreamed of a snake, she would have a daughter. There are many stories about dreams foretelling (预言) the future.We certainly do not now believe that dreams foretell the future. Most scientists believe that dreams are based on events in our own life ａｎｄ　on our feelings. The events are usually very recent, mostly within the last two days. Our emotions, on the other hａｎｄ　our wishes, hopes ａｎｄ　fears may go back many years, even to early childhood.In a dream, events are altered. A dream may contain parts of many real-life events. Most importantly, something that cannot be shown directly may be shown indirectly. Fｏｒexample, you might dream of driving a large car. This could mean not that you want to have a larger car, but that you desire power, ａｎｄ　maybe you want to control other people. Again, you may dream that you are an actｏｒin a play. The play is about to start, but you have completely forgot your lines. This dream may seem strange because you are not interested in acting, ａｎｄ　you never want to be in a play. But the dream may mean that you have some other problem that you feel is too difficult fｏｒyou to solve.Psychologists believe that dreams may be helpful to us. Indeed, people who have been allowed to sleep in experiments, but not allowed to dream, have become anxious ａｎｄ　restless. ａｎｄ　when they are later allowed to sleep as much as they like, they dream more than ever to make us fｏｒthe lost "dream time".Paragraph 4 ______.【单选题】

A.Structure ａｎｄ　interpretation of a dream

B.Ancient views on dreams

C.Babies dream less than older children

D.Dreaming may be good fｏｒour health

E.Dreams can not foretell the future

F.Healthy people do not dream

正确答案:D

答案解析:第四段主题句为第一句：Psychologists believe that dreams may be helpful to us. 心理学家认为梦对人类是有益的。D选项Dreaming may be good fｏｒour health（做梦对我们的健康是有益的）与其意思一致，故D为正确答案。

9、The Threat to KiribatiThe people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth-literally. Several times this year, the Pacific islａｎｄ　nation has been flooded by a sudden high tide. These tides, which swept across the islａｎｄ　ａｎｄ　destroyed houses, came when there was neither wind nｏｒrain. "This never happened before," say the older citizens of Kiribati.What is causing these mysterious high tides? The answer may well be global warming. When fuels like oil ａｎｄ　coal are being burned, pollutants (污染物) are released. These pollutants trap heat in the earth\'s atmosphere. Warmer temperatures cause water to expａｎｄ　ａｎｄ　also create more water by melting glaciers (冰川) ａｎｄ　polar (极地的) ice caps.If the trend continues, scientists say, many countries will suffer, Bangladesh, fｏｒexample, might lose one-fifth of its land. The coral (珊瑚) islａｎｄ　nations of the Pacific, like Kiribati ａｎｄ　the Marshall Islands, however, would face an even worse fate-they would be swallowed by the sea. The loss of these coral islands would be everyone\'s loss. Coral formations are home to more species than any other place on earth.The people of these nations feel frustrated. The sea, on which their economies have always been based, is suddenly threatening their existence. They don\'t have the money fｏｒexpensive technological solutions like seawalls. ａｎｄ　they have no control over the pollutants, which are being released mainly by activities in large industrialized countries. All they can do is to hope that industrialized countries will take steps to reduce pollution.The heat released by burning oil ａｎｄ　coal is the direct cause of global warming.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:B

答案解析:题干大意：燃烧石油和煤放出的热量是全球变暖的直接原因。文章第二段提到：When fuels like oil ａｎｄ　coal are being burned, pollutants (污染物) are released. These pollutants trap heat in the earth\'s atmosphere. 当燃料（如石油和煤）被燃烧，释放污染物，这些污染物圈住地球大气层中的热量。这是引起全球变暖的一个原因。而题干把它范围缩小，说成直接原因，故答案选B。

10、Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular RiskBreastfeeding can reduce the risk of a heart attack ｏｒstroke later in life ａｎｄ　could prevent hundreds of thousands of deaths each year, researchers said on Friday. Babies who are breastfed have fewer childhood infections ａｎｄ　allergies ａｎｄ　are less prone to obesity. British scientists have now shown that breastfeeding ａｎｄ　slow growth in the first weeks ａｎｄ　months of life has a protective effect against cardiovascular disease. "Diets that promote more rapid growth put babies at risk many years later in terms of raising their blood pressure, raising their cholesterol ａｎｄ　increasing their tendency to diabetes ａｎｄ　obesity-the four main risk factors fｏｒstroke ａｎｄ　heart attack." said ProfessｏｒAlan Lucas of the Institute of Child Health in London. "Our evidence suggests that the reason why breast-fed babies do better is because they grow more ______ in the early weeks."Lucas said the effects of breastfeeding on blood pressure ａｎｄ　cholesterol later in life are greater than anything adults can do to control the risk factors fｏｒcardiovascular disease, other than taking drugs. An estimated 17 million people die of cardiovascular disease, particularly heart attack ａｎｄ　strokes, each year, according to the World Health Organization. Lucas ａｎｄ　his colleagues compared the health of 216 teenagers who as babies had either been breastfed ｏｒgiven different nutritional baby formulas\' They reported their findings in The Lancet medical journal. The teenagers who had been breastfed had a 14 percent lower ratio of bad to good cholesterol ａｎｄ　lower concentrations of a protein that is a marker fｏｒcardiovascular disease risk. The researchers also found that regardless of the child\'s weight at birth, the faster the infants grew in the early weeks ａｎｄ　months of life, the greater was their later risk of heart disease ａｎｄ　stroke. The effect was the same fｏｒboth boys ａｎｄ　girls. "The more human milk you have in the newborn period, the lower your cholesterol level is, the lower your blood pressure is 16 years later, "Lucas said. 【单选题】

A.slowly

B.quickly

C.strongly

D.obviously

正确答案:A

答案解析:A和B是正反项，重点注意。根据句意和前句中提到的内容——婴儿的头几周和头几个月发育缓慢，对预防心血管疾病有帮助，由此判断A是答案。