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2021年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道,附答案解析,供您考前自测提升!
1、Animal\'s "Sixth Sense"A tsunami was triggered by an earthquake in the Indian Ocean in December, 2004. It killed tens of thousands of people in Asia and East Africa, Wild animals, however, seem to have escaped that terrible tsunami. This phenomenon adds weight to notions that they possess a "sixth sense" for disasters, experts said.Sri Lankan Wildlife officials have said the giant waves that killed over 24,000 people along the Indian Ocean island\'s coast clearly missed wild beasts, with no dead animals found."No elephants are dead, not even a dead rabbit. I think animals can sense disaster. They have a sixth sense. They know when things are happening" H. D. Ratnayake, deputy director of Sri Lanka\'s Wildlife Department, said about one month after the tsunami attack. The waves washed floodwaters up to 2 miles inland at Yala National Park in the ravaged southeast, Sri Lanka\'s biggest wildlife reserve and home to hundreds of wild elephants and several leopards."There has been a lot of scientific evidence about dogs barking or birds migrating before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes. But it has not been proven," said Matthew van Lierop, an animal behavior assistant at Johannesburg Zoo. "There have been no specialist studies because you can\'t really test it in a lab or field setting," he told Reuters. Other authorities concurred with this ______."Wildlife seem to be able to pick up certain phenmenon, especially birds. There are many reports of birds detecting impending disasters," said Clive Walker, who has written several books on African wildlife.Animals certainly rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger such as predators. The notion of an animal "sixth sense" -or some other mythical power-is an enduring one which the evidence on Sri Lanka\'s ravaged coast is likely to add to. The Romans saw owls as omens of impending disaster and many ancient cultures viewed elephants as sacred animals endowed with special powers or attributes.【单选题】
A.modification
B.detection
C.assessment
D.value
正确答案:C
答案解析:concurred with(同意)支配的宾语应该是view,opinion,judgment这一类词。前面句子说的是某位科学家指出无法验证动物遇见灾难的第六感觉的困难所在,其他专家也同意这一看法,所以选assessment是正确的。
2、The ice is not thick enough to bear the weigh of a tank.【单选题】
A.suffer
B.accept
C.receive
D.endure
正确答案:D
答案解析:题干大意:冰不够厚,不能承受坦克的重量。画线词bear:能承受。选项中,endure:能承受,符合题意。suffer:遭受。如:“No woman”,she says,“should suffer the way I did”,她说:“女人们不应该遭受我这样的痛苦。”accept:接受。如:Nevertheless authorities have to accept the assignment. 但这是当局必须承担的任务。receive:接受。如:It was a card that signaled this would be the last you receive from him. 这张贺卡预示着这将是你最后一次从他那儿收到情人节礼物。
3、Seeing Red Means Danger AheadThe color red often means danger and by paying attention, accidents can be prevented. In the future, the color red also may help prevent danger at construction sites. Thanks to new work by engineers, bridge supports or other kinds of materials, could one day contain a color - changing material. It will turn red before a structure collapses or falls apart.The secret behind the color - changing material is a particular type of molecule (分子). A molecule is a group of atoms (原子) held together by chemical bonds. Molecules come in all shapes and sizes and make up everything you can see, touch or feel. How a molecule behaves depends on what kinds of atoms it contains and how they\'re held together.When a polymer (聚合物) containing a color - changing molecule called a mechanophore (机械响应性聚合物) is about to break, it produces a color. When a polymer with mechanophore molecules becomes "injured" or weak, one of the mechanophore bonds breaks and the material turns red. "It\'s a really simple detection method," says Nancy Sottos, one of the scientists who worked on the project. Sottos and her team tested the color - changing polymers in their lab. The test results proved encouraging.There is a way to get rid of the red color light. When a bright light is shone on the mechanophore, the broken bond is fixed and the red color disappears. Thus "self - healing" may be a problem for engineers. They need to use the color - changer in big construction projects that will be ______, under sunlight. And sunlight will make the mechanophore\'s warning system useless.Sottos and her fellow scientists still have a lot of work to do before the color - changing molecules can be used outside the lab.【单选题】
A.inside
B.beside
C.outside
D.above
正确答案:C
答案解析:本题有一定难度,但干扰项干扰不大,关键在理解好文章上下文意义,文章此处是说,“工程师需要把这种变色装置用在大型建筑项目上,用在外面,在阳光下”,答案是C。
4、Loud noises can be annoying. 【单选题】
A.hateful
B.painful
C.horrifying
D.disturbing
正确答案:D
答案解析:annoying:恼人的、讨厌的,和disturbing(烦扰的)意思接近;hateful:憎恨的、可恨的;painful:疼痛的、使痛苦的;horrifying:令人感到恐怖的。
5、BudgetA budget is a spending plan. It can help you spend money wisely. It can do this by cutting out wasteful spending. Of course, preparing a budget takes planning, and following a budget takes will power. Your budget should meet your family\'s needs and income. The first step in creating a budget is to set your goals. What does your family need and wants. You must know this to work out the details of the budget. Keep goals realistic, in terms of income available. Then decide which goals are the most important. The next step is estimating family income. Before you can plan wisely, you need to know how much money you have to spend! Write down all the money you expect to receive (wages, savings, interest, etc.) during the planned budget period. After you have calculated how much money will be available, it is time to estimate expenses. List all of your family expenses. If you are not satisfied with what you got for your money, look carefully at your spending. Studying your records will show where overspending has occurred. It will also point out poor buying habits. It is also a good idea to set aside a small amount of money for emergencies. Every family has small emergencies: a blown tire, a broken device, or the need for minor medical care. One advantage of keeping a record of your spending is that____. 【单选题】
A.you will remember how much you have already spent
B.you will know if you have spent more money than you planned
C.you will be able to tell your family what should not be bought
D.you will learn how to make a better budget next time
正确答案:B
答案解析:第5段讲了“Studying your records will show where overspending has occurred. It will also point out poor buying habits”(消费记录可以找出哪里超支了,或者可以发现一些不良购买习惯)。所以B是正确答案。
6、An Intelligent CarDriving needs sharp eyes, keen ears, quick brain, and coordination between hands and the brain. Many human drivers have all. these and can control a fast-moving car. But how does an intelligent car control itself ?There is a virtual driver in the smart car. This virtual driver has "eyes," "brains", "hands" and "feet", too. The mini-cameras on each side of the car are his "eyes," which observe the road and conditions ahead of it. They watch the traffic to the car\'s left and right. There is also a highly automatic driving system in the car. It is the built-in computer, which is the virtual driver\'s "brain". His "brain" calculates the speeds of other moving cars near it and analyzes their positions. Basing on this information, it chooses the right line for the intelligent cars, and gives instructions to the "hands" and "feets" to act accordingly. In this way, the virtual driver controls his car. What is the virtual driver\'s best advantage? He reacts ______. The mini-cameras are sending images continuously to the "brain". It completes the processing of the images within 100 milliseconds. However, the world\'s best driver at least needs one second to react. Besides, when he takes action, he needs one more second. The virtual driver is really wonderful. He can reduce the accident rate. considerably on expressway. In this case, can we let him have the wheel at any time and in any place? Experts warn that we cannot do that just yet. His ability to recognize things is still limited. He can now only drive an intelligent car on expressways. 【单选题】
A.rapidly
B.smoothly
C.slowly
D.hardly
正确答案:A
答案解析:空白所在的句子说“他(虚拟司机)……反应”,结合前句内容(什么是虚拟司机最大的优势?)及常识判断A(迅速地)最可能成为答案。
7、The courageous hay has been the subject of massive media coverage.【单选题】
A.extensive
B.continuous
C.instant
D.quick
正确答案:A
答案解析:这个勇敢的男孩成为了媒体大幅报道的对象。本题难度不大,干扰项干扰不强。m assive和extensive都可指“大量的”,其他项和答案意义差异较大,最佳答案是A。
8、What Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe?What is the coldest air temperature ever recorded on the Earth? Where was this low temperature recorded? The coldest recorded temperature on Earth was - 91℃, which occurred in Antarctica (南极洲) in 1983.We encounter an interesting situation when we discuss temperatures in space.Temperatures in Earth orbit actually range from about +120℃ to - 120℃. The temperature depends upon whether you are in direct sunlight or shade. Obviously, -120℃ is colder than our body can safely endure. Thank NASA science for well, de signed space suits that protect astronauts from these temperature extremes.The space temperatures just discussed affect only our areal of the solar system. Obviously, it is hotter closer to the Sun and colder as we travel away from the Sun. Astronomers estimate temperatures at Pluto are about - 210℃. How cold is the lowest estimated temperature in the entire universe? Again, it depends upon your location. We are taught it is supposedly impossible to have a temperature below absolute zero, which is - 273℃, at which atoms do not move. Two scientists, whose names are Cornell and Wieman, have successfully cooled down a gas to a temperature barely above absolute zero. They won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001 for their work, not a discovery, in this case.Why is the two scientists\' work so important to science?In the 1920s, Satyendra Nath Bose was studying an interesting ______ about special light particles we now call photons (光子). Bose had trouble convincing other scientists to believe his theory, so he contacted Albert Einstein. Einstein\'s calculations helped him theorize that atoms would behave as Bose thought—but only at very cold temperatures.Scientists have also discovered that ultra - cold(超冷) atoms can help them make the world\'s atomic clocks even more accurate. These clocks are so accurate today they would only lose one second every six million years! Such accuracy will help us travel in space because distance is velocity times time 4 ( d = v×t). With the long distances involved in space travel, we need to know time as accurately as possible to get accurate distance.【单选题】
A.invention
B.experiment
C.theory
D.paper
正确答案:C
答案解析:本题有一定难度,考查词义辨析,干扰项有一定的干扰。根据上下文逻辑,文章此处是说“……在研究有关光子的一种有意思的理论”,答案是C。
9、Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular RiskBreastfeeding can reduce the risk of a heart attack or stroke later in life and could prevent hundreds of thousands of deaths each year, researchers said on Friday. Babies who are breastfed have fewer childhood infections and allergies and are less prone to obesity. British scientists have now shown that breastfeeding and slow growth in the first weeks and months of life has a protective effect against cardiovascular disease. "Diets that promote more rapid growth put babies at risk many years later in terms of raising their blood pressure, raising their cholesterol and increasing their tendency to diabetes and obesity-the four main risk factors for stroke and heart attack." said Professor Alan Lucas of the Institute of Child Health in London. "Our evidence suggests that the reason why breast-fed babies do better is because they grow more slowly in the early weeks."Lucas said the effects of breastfeeding on blood pressure and cholesterol later in life are greater than anything adults can do to control the risk factors for cardiovascular disease, other than taking drugs. An estimated 17 million people die of cardiovascular disease, particularly heart attack and strokes, each year, according to the World Health Organization. Lucas and his colleagues compared the health of 216 teenagers who as babies had either been breastfed or given different nutritional baby formulas\' They reported their ______ in The Lancet medical journal. The teenagers who had been breastfed had a 14 percent lower ratio of bad to good cholesterol and lower concentrations of a protein that is a marker for cardiovascular disease risk. The researchers also found that regardless of the child\'s weight at birth, the faster the infants grew in the early weeks and months of life, the greater was their later risk of heart disease and stroke. The effect was the same for both boys and girls. "The more human milk you have in the newborn period, the lower your cholesterol level is, the lower your blood pressure is 16 years later, "Lucas said. 【单选题】
A.thoughts
B.findings
C.viewpoints
D.breakthrough
正确答案:B
答案解析:上文提到了他们的调查研究,接下来应该出现的是他们的“研究结果”。
10、She gave up her job and started writing poetry.【单选题】
A.abandoned
B.lost
C.took
D.created
正确答案:A
答案解析:她辞去工作,开始写诗。本题难度不大,gave up是常用短语,指“放弃,辞职”,和abandoned“放弃”是近义词,其他三项都是常用词,和答案意义差异较大,干扰性不强。答案是A。
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