2020年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编每天为您准备了5道每日一练题目（附答案解析），一步一步陪你备考，每一次练习的成功，都会淋漓尽致的反映在分数上。一起加油前行。

1、Parkinson\'s Disease1. Parkinson\'s disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine(多巴胺). Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson\'s, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to.2. No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson\'s disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited.3. Tremor (颤抖) may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinson\'s affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation(便秘) . In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinson\'s may have a fixed or blank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills.4. At this time, there is no cure for Parkinson\'s disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You may not even need treatment if your symptoms are not obvious. Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results.A lot of research is being done to find out ______.【单选题】

A.if there isn’t enough dopamine in your body

B.what affects muscles all through your body

C.which cannot be cured yet

D.if you have a fixed or blank expression

E.which may be the first symptom you notice

F.what causes Parkinson\'s disease

正确答案:F

答案解析:本题难度不大，带着题干信息词回文章定位，答案依据是文章第二段的第二句和第三句，谈到科学家们正在为找到答案而进行大量的研究，研究各种可能病因，回来看选项，F项和原文句意相符，是答案。

2、Revolutionary developments in China\'s astronomy took place in the 1960\'s. 【单选题】

A.commenced

B.occurred

C.were disputed

D.were exchanged

正确答案:B

答案解析:take place和occur同义：发生、出现；commence：开始、着手；were disputed:被讨论、被争论；were exchanged：被交流、被交换。

3、MemoriesMost episodes of absent-mindedness forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter. "You are supposed to remember something, but you haven\'t encoded it deeply."Encoding, Schacter says, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don\'t pay attention to what you did because you are involved in a conversation, you will probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe. "Your memory itself isn\'t failing you," says Schacter. " Rather, you didn\'t give your memory system the information it needed. "Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. "A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago," says Zelinski, "may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox. " Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory relies on just that.Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness, says Sclnacter." ____,"he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table don\'t leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.Another common episode of absent-mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you are there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. "Everyone does this from time to time," says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you will likely remember.【单选题】

A.Encoding, Schacter says, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later

B.Rather, you didn\'t give your memory system the information it needed

C.The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you will likely remember

D.They are more interested in what\'s happening around them

E.But be sure the cue is clear and available.

F.Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness

正确答案:E

答案解析:本段说的是视觉线索的问题，因此所选句也应该围绕cue这个话题。很明显，只有E答案能够与上下文连贯。

4、Parkinson\'s Disease1. Parkinson\'s disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine(多巴胺). Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson\'s, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to.2. No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson\'s disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited.3. Tremor (颤抖) may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinson\'s affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation(便秘) . In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinson\'s may have a fixed or blank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills.4. At this time, there is no cure for Parkinson\'s disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You may not even need treatment if your symptoms are not obvious. Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results.You\'ll find it hard to move the way you want to ______.【单选题】

A.if there isn’t enough dopamine in your body

B.what affects muscles all through your body

C.which cannot be cured yet

D.if you have a fixed or blank expression

E.which may be the first symptom you notice

F.what causes Parkinson\'s disease

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，带着题干信息词回文章定位，答案依据是文章第一段最后一句，Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to.谈到如果你没有足够多的多巴胺，行动就会变得困难，答案是A。

5、Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in TeensWhile some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to "self-medicate" against the blues, scientists at the University of Toronto and the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually increasedepressive symptoms in some teens."This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived emotional benefits of smoking among teens," says lead researcher Michael Chaiton, a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto." Although cigarettes may appear to have self-medicating effects or to improve mood, in the long term we found that teens who started to smoke reported higher depressive symptoms. "As part of the study, some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires about their use of cigarettes to affect mood. Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French and English participants, urban and rural schools, and schools located in high, moderate and low socioeconomic neighborhoods. Participants were divided into three groups: never smokers; smokers who did not use cigarettes to self-medicate, improve mood or physical state; smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate. Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how felt too fired to do things: had trouble going to sleep or staying asleep; felt unhappy, sad, or depressed; felt hopeless about the future; felt vexed, antsy or tense; and worried too much about things."Smokers who used cigarettes as mood improvers had higher risks of elevated depressive symptoms than teens who had never smoked," says co-researcher Jennifer O\'Loughlin, a professor at the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine. "Our study found that teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are at higher risk of developing depressive symptoms."The association between depression and smoking exists ____ among teens that use cigarettes to feel better. "It\'s important to emphasize that depressive symptom scores were higher among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke," says Dr. Chaiton.【单选题】

A.occasionally

B.scarcely

C.probably

D.principally

正确答案:D

答案解析:调查的对象是青少年，所以不可能是occasionally（偶尔）、scarcely（几乎不）或probably。（很可能）在青少年之中，而是principally（主要）在青少年之中。