2020年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编每天为您准备了5道每日一练题目（附答案解析），一步一步陪你备考，每一次练习的成功，都会淋漓尽致的反映在分数上。一起加油前行。

1、Acceptance of Chronic Illness
For chronically ill patients, giving up the hope that they will get better may actually lead to more happiness, U. S. researchers suggest.
"Hope is an important part of happiness, but there's a dark side of hope. Sometimes, if hope makes people put off getting on with their life, it can get in the way of happiness," Dr. Peter A. Ubel from the University of Michigan Health System said in a university news release.
He and his colleagues studied patients who'd just had a colostomy (结肠造口术), which means their colons (结肠) were removed and they had to have bowel (肠) movements in a pouch (小袋) outside the body. At the time of the surgery, some patients were told the procedure was reversible and they'd have a second operation in a few months to reconnect their bowels. Other patients were told the colostomy was permanent.
The patients were followed for six months, and the researchers found that those without hope of regaining normal bowel function were happier than those with reversible colostomies.
"We think they were happier because they got on with their life. They realized the cards they were dealt, and recognized that they had no choice but to play with those cards," Ubel said. "The other group was waiting for their colostomy to be reversed. They contrasted their current life with the life they hoped to lead, and didn't make the best of their current situation. "
The study, published in the November edition of Health Psychology, also may explain why people whose spouse dies often recover better emotionally over time than those who get divorced, the researchers said.
That's because people whose husband or wife dies have closure (结束), while those who get divorced may still have hope for some chance of making up, they explained.
The other group was not as happy because ______.【单选题】

A.they accepted their current situation

B.they were anxious to get better

C.they missed their previous life

D.they refused to play cards

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要吃透原文句意。答案依据比较明显，在文章第五段最后一句．谈到，不开心的第一组病人总是把现在的生活和他们想要的生活进行比较，没有很好地适应现在的生活。换句话说，他们很渴望早日恢复。回来看选项，B项和原文句意相符，是答案。

2、Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years
A hundred years ago, life expectancy in developed countries was about 47 in the early 21st century, men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74. Women to about 80, and these ages are rising all the time. What has brought about these changes? When we look at the life span of people 100 years ago, we need to look at the greatest killers of the time. In the early 20th century, these were the acute and often
____ infectious diseases such as smallpox. Many children died very young from these diseases and others, and the weak and elderly were always at risk.
In the developed world these diseases are far less deadly today, and in some cases have almost disappeared. A number of factors have led to this: improvements in sanitation and hygiene, the discovery and use of antibiotics, which make bacterial diseases much less dangerous, and vaccinations against common diseases. In addition , people's general health has improved with improvements in our general environment: cleaner air, better means of preserving food, better and warmer housing, and better understanding of nutrition.
Genetically, we should all be able to live to about 85 but while people do live longer today, there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age. The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses, such as heart disease and strokes, and those spread by viruses, such as influenza and AIDS. Of course, cancer is a huge killer as well. In most cases these diseases affect older people, but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity leading to more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.
The killers today can be classed as "lifestyle diseases", which means that it may be possible to halt their progress.
【单选题】

A.more

B.less

C.high

D.highly

正确答案:D

答案解析:本句举了天花的例子，下一句指出很多孩子死于这些病，所以此处应为一个表严重的词。high是形容词，不能修饰后面的形容词。acute不是比较级，所以and后面也不应用比较级。

3、Human Heart Can Make New Cells
Solving a longstanding (为时甚久的) mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues to generate new cardiac(心脏的 ) cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.
The finding, published in the April 3 issue of Science, could open a new path for the treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure and heart attack, experts say.
"We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes (心肌细胞), are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen, a professor of stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. "It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we are born with or if they could be renewed," he said.
The process of renewing these cells changes over time, Frisen added. In a 20 - year - old, about I percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year, but the turnover (更替) rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75.
"If we can understand how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated, it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals (药物) that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after, for example, a heart attack," Frisen said.
That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts.
"A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure," noted co - author Dr. Ratan Bhardwaj, also from the Karolinska Institute. "Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said.
With this finding, scientists are "opening the door to potential therapies (疗法) to having ourselves heal ourselves." Bhardwaj said. "Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new and more cells to overcome the problem they are facing. "
But barriers remain. According to Bhardwaj, scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off, especially in older patients with heart failure. In addition, the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts-whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.
The human heart stops producing cardiac cells ______.【单选题】

A.when a person becomes old

B.as soon as a person gets sick

C.immediately after a person is born

D.once a person dies

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要吃透原文句意，答案依据是文章第一段，谈到科学家发现人一生中心脏都会不停地制造新的心肌细胞，尽管新细胞产生的速度随年龄增长而放慢，换句话说，只有人死了，心脏才会停止制造心肌细胞，回来看选项，D项和原文句意相符，是答案。

4、College Night Owls Have Lower Grades
College students who are morning people tend to get better grades than those who are night owls(晚睡的人), according to University of North Texas researchers.
They had 824 undergraduate(大学本科生的) students complete a health survey that in cluded questions about sleep habits and daytime functioning, and found that students who are morning people had higher grade point averages(GPAs) than those who are night people.
"The finding that college students who are evening types have lower GPAs is a very important finding, sure to make its way into undergraduate psychology texts in the near future, along with the research showing that memory is improved by sleep," study co - author Daniet J. Taylor said in a prepared statement.
"Further, these results suggest that it might be possible to improve academic performance by using chronotherapy (时间疗法) to help students retrain their biological clock to become more morning types," Taylor said.
The research was expected to be presented Monday at SLEEP, the annual meeting of the Associated Professional (专业的) Sleep Societies, in Baltimore.
In other findings expected to be heard at the meeting, University of Colorado researchers found a significant association between insomnia (失眠) and a decline in college students' academic performance.
The study included 64 psychology, nursing and medical students, average age 27. 4 years, who were divided into two groups—low GPAs and high GPAs.
Among those with low GPAs,69.7 percent had trouble falling asleep,53.1 percent experienced leg kicks or twitches (痉挛) at night, 65.6 percent reported waking at night and having trouble falling back to sleep, and 72.7 percent had difficulty concentrating during the day.
"In college students, the complaint of difficulty concentrating during the day continues to have a considerable impact on their ability to succeed in the classroom," study author Dr. James F. Pagel said in a prepared statement. "This study showed that disordered sleep has significant harmful effects on a student's academic performance, including GPAs."
According to Dr. Pagel, the academic performance of a student will be affected ______.【单选题】

A.if he or she is not motivated

B.if he or she is troubled by disordered sleep

C.if he or she is a morning type

D.if he or she is a lazy person

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，答案依据是文章最后一段最后一句，谈到睡眠紊乱对学生学术能力的副作用很大，包括考试成绩，回来看选项，B项和原文句意相符，是答案。

5、I will take up teaching this September.【单选题】

A.start

B.get off

C.capture

D.pick up

正确答案:A

答案解析:take up在此句和start意思相同，表示“开始”；get off:下车、脱下；capture:捕获、俘获；pick up:捡起、看到。