2020年职称英语考试《综合类》考试共65题，分为单选题。小编为您整理阅读理解分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、The State of Marriage TodayIs there something seriously wrong with marriage today? During the past 50 years, the rate of divorce in the United States has exploded: almost 50% of marriages end in divorce now, and the evidence suggests it is going to get worse. If this trend continues, it will lead to the breakup of the family, according to a spokesperson for the National Family Association. Some futurists predict that in 100 years, the average American will marry at least four times, and extramarital (婚外的) affairs will be even more common than they are now.But what are the reasons for this, and is the picture really so gloomy (黑暗的)? The answer to the first question is really quite simple: marriage is no longer the necessity it once was. The institution of marriage has been based for years partly on economic need. Women used to be economically dependent on their husbands--as they usually didn\'t have jobs outside the home. But with the rising number of women in well-paying jobs, this is no longer the case, so they don\'t feel that they need to stay in a failing marriage.In answer to the second question, the outlook may not be as pessimistic (悲观的) as it seems. While the rate of divorce has risen, the rate of couples marrying has never actually fallen very much, so marriage is still quite popular. In addition to this, many couples now simply live together and don\'t bother to marry. These couples are effectively married, but they do not appear in either the marriage or divorce statistics. In fact, more than 50% of first marriages survive.So is marriage really an outdated institution? The fact that most people still get married indicates that it isn\'t. And it is also true that married couples have a healthier life than single people: they suffer less from stress and its consequences, such as heart problems, and married men generally consider themselves. more contented than their single counterparts. Perhaps the key is to find out what makes a successful marriage and apply it to all of our relationships! (2011年)Which of the following is true about the marriage in the United States today?【单选题】

A.Divorce leads to the breakup of the family.

B.More than half of the married couples get divorced.

C.American people marry more than four times.

D.More and more people are getting divorced.

正确答案:D

答案解析:三误一正的细节考查题。题干问“关于美国当代婚姻存在的问题，哪一项是正确的”，参见文章第一段，本段提到：美国离婚率猛增，且有不断上升的趋势。选项D“越来越多的人离婚”符合这一描述，故正确答案为D。选项A与C都是预计将来会发生的事，而不是如今的情况。

2、One-Room SchoolsOne-room schools are part of the heritage of the United States, and the mention of them makes people feel a longing for "the way things were." One - room schools are an endangered species (种类), however. For more than a hundred years, one - room schools have been systematically shut down and their students were sent away to centralized schools. As recently as 1930 there were 149,000 one - room schools in the United States. By 1970 there were 1,800. Today, of the nearly 800 remaining one - room schools, more than 350 are in Nebraska. The rest are spread through a few other states that have on their road maps wide - open spaces between towns.Now that there are hardly any left, educators are beginning to think that maybe there is something yet to be learned from one - room schools, something that served the pioneers that might serve as well today. Progressive educators have come up with new names like "peer - group teaching" and "multi - age grouping" for educational procedures that occur naturally in the one - room schools. In a one - room school the children teach each other because the teacher is busy part of the time teaching someone else. The fourth grader can work at the fifth grade level in math and the third grade level in English without the bad name associated with being left back or the pressures of being skipped (超过) ahead. A youngster with a learning disability can find his or her own level without being separated from other pupils. A few hours in a small school that has only one classroom and it becomes clear why so many parents feel that one of the advantages of living in Nebraska is that their children have to go to a one - room school.A major characteristic of the one - room school system is that ____.【单选题】

A.learning is not limited to one grade level

B.pupils mostly study math and English

C.some children have to be left back

D.teachers are always busy

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题有一定的难度，考生不太好定位，需要认真读第二段找答案。第二段第四句话谈到，大教室学校的不同年级的学生要相互教对方，因为老师不停地忙于教其他年级的学生，换句话说，不同年级的学生要在一个大教室里学习。回来看选项，A是近义解释，是最佳答案。做本题时可以先看选项，得到信息提示。

3、Shopping at Second - hand Clothing StoresWhen 33 years old Pete Barth was in college, shopping at second - hand clothing stores was just something he did－"like changing the tires on his car." He looked at his budget and decided he could save a lot of money by shopping for clothes at thrift shops."Even new clothes are fairly disposable (用后即丢掉的) and wear out after a couple of years," Barth said. "In thrift shops, you can find some great stuff whose quality is better than new clothes."Since then, Barth, who works at a Goodwill thrift shop in the US state of Florida, has found that there are all kinds of reasons for shopping for second - hand clothing. Some people, like him, shop to save money. Some shop for a crazy - looking shirt. And some shop as a means of conserving energy and helping the environment.Pat Akins, an accountant at a Florida Salvation Army (SA) (救世军) thrift shop, said that, for her, shopping at thrift shops is a way to help the environment."When my daughter was little, we looked at it as recycling," Akins said: "Also, why pay 30 dollars for a new coat when you can get another one for a lot less?"Akins said that the SA has shops all over the US－"some as big as department stores". All of the clothes are donated (捐赠), and when they have a surplus (盈余), they\'ll have "stuff a bag" specials, where customers can fill a grocery sack with clothes for only 5 or 10 dollars.Julia Stocum, 22, points out, however, that the huge amount of second - hand clothing in the US is the result of American wastefulness."I\'d say that second - hand stores are the result of our wasteful, materialistic culture," said Slocum, who works for a pro - conservation organization, the center of a New American Dream. "Thrift shops prevent waste from going to landfills (垃圾填埋场), They give clothing a second life and provide cheaper clothing for those who can\'t afford to buy new ones and generate (创造) income for charities. They also provide a way for the wealthy and middle classes to shed (摆脱) the guilt for their level of consumption."What does Akins do? ____【单选题】

A.She is a soldier.

B.She is an accountant.

C.She is a saleswoman.

D.She is a road sweeper.

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据不难找到。带着题干信息到文章定位，认真阅读文章第四段。第四段第一句话谈到，“Akins是旧货店的一名会计”，所以答案是B。

4、A Carrot a Day Keeps Cancer AwayAmong all the malignancies, lung cancer is the biggest killer: more than 100,000 Americans a year die of the disease. Giving up smoking is one of obvious way to reduce the risk, but another answer may lie in the kitchen. According to a new report, even heavy smokers may be protected from developing lung cancer by a simple dietary measure: a daily portion of carrots, spinach or any other vegetable or fruit containing a form of vitamin A called carotene.The finding, published in the British medical journal The Lancet, is part of a long-range investigation of diet and disease. Since 1957 a team of American researchers has monitored the dietary habits and medical histories of 2,000 middle-aged men employed by the Western Electric Co. in Chicago. Led by Dr. Richard Shelelle of Chicago\'s Rush-Presbyterian, St. Luke\'s Medical Center, the researchers recently began to sort out the links between the subjects\' dietary patterns and cancer. Other studies of animals and humans have suggested that vitamin A offers some protection against lung cancer. The correlation seemed logical, since vitamin A is essential for the growth of the epithelial (上皮的) tissue that lines the airways of the lungs.Vegetables: But the earlier research did not distinguish between two different forms of the vitamin. "Preformed" vitamin A, known as retinol, is found mainly in liver and dairy products like milk, cheese, butter and eggs. But vitamin A is also made in the body from carotene, which is abundant in a variety of vegetables and fruits, including carrots, spinach, squash, tomatoes, sweet potatoes and apples.In the Western Electric study, Shekelle and his colleagues found little correlation between the incidence of lung cancer and the consumption of foods containing preformed vitamin A, but when they examined the data on carotene intake, they discovered a significant relationship. Among the488 men who had the lowest level of carotene consumption, there were fourteen cases of lung cancer, in a group of the same size that ate the most carotene, only two cases developed. The apparent protective effect of carotene held up even for longtime smokers but to a lesser degree.Further studies will be necessary before the link between lung cancer and carotene can be firmly established. In the meantime, researchers warn against taking large numbers of vitamin A pills, because the tablets contain a form of the chemical that can be extremely toxic in high doses. Instead, they advise a well-balance diet that includes foods rich in carotene. For a smoker, a half-cup of carrots every day might possibly make the difference between life and death.Where is carotene present?【单选题】

A.tomatoes

B.carrots

C.squash

D.all of the above

正确答案:D

答案解析:根据第3段，“维生素A在体内的产生源于胡萝卜素，胡萝卜素在蔬菜、水果中大量存在，包括胡萝卜、菠菜、西葫芦、西红柿和苹果”。因此答案是D。

5、Shopping at Second - hand Clothing StoresWhen 33 years old Pete Barth was in college, shopping at second - hand clothing stores was just something he did－"like changing the tires on his car." He looked at his budget and decided he could save a lot of money by shopping for clothes at thrift shops."Even new clothes are fairly disposable (用后即丢掉的) and wear out after a couple of years," Barth said. "In thrift shops, you can find some great stuff whose quality is better than new clothes."Since then, Barth, who works at a Goodwill thrift shop in the US state of Florida, has found that there are all kinds of reasons for shopping for second - hand clothing. Some people, like him, shop to save money. Some shop for a crazy - looking shirt. And some shop as a means of conserving energy and helping the environment.Pat Akins, an accountant at a Florida Salvation Army (SA) (救世军) thrift shop, said that, for her, shopping at thrift shops is a way to help the environment."When my daughter was little, we looked at it as recycling," Akins said: "Also, why pay 30 dollars for a new coat when you can get another one for a lot less?"Akins said that the SA has shops all over the US－"some as big as department stores". All of the clothes are donated (捐赠), and when they have a surplus (盈余), they\'ll have "stuff a bag" specials, where customers can fill a grocery sack with clothes for only 5 or 10 dollars.Julia Stocum, 22, points out, however, that the huge amount of second - hand clothing in the US is the result of American wastefulness."I\'d say that second - hand stores are the result of our wasteful, materialistic culture," said Slocum, who works for a pro - conservation organization, the center of a New American Dream. "Thrift shops prevent waste from going to landfills (垃圾填埋场), They give clothing a second life and provide cheaper clothing for those who can\'t afford to buy new ones and generate (创造) income for charities. They also provide a way for the wealthy and middle classes to shed (摆脱) the guilt for their level of consumption."Which statement about Barth is NOT true? ____【单选题】

A.He is 33 years old now.

B.He works at a Goodwill thrift shop.

C.He works at a Salvation Army thrift shop.

D.He was a college student many years ago.

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度较大，需要认真阅读文章，作出判断。认真阅读文章前三段。第一段第一句谈到了作者大学期间经常逛二手服装店，第三段第一句话谈到了作者在Goodwill旧货店工作，可以推断A，B，D项正确，所以答案是C。