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阅读理解A

The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are_____.

题干

Since the dawn of human ingenuity,people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous,boring,burdensome,or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics-the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close.
As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics,there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy-far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.
But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility,they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves-goals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error, ” says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA,“we can't yet give a robot enough ‘ common sense’ to reliably interact with a dynamic world. ”
Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010,researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.
What they found,in attempting to model thought,is that the human brain's roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented-and human perception far more complicated-than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth can't approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still don’t know quite how we do it.

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C

解析

推理题。本题考査的是对文章最后一段的理解。该段的主题句是首句:研究人员发现,人类大脑中的近一千亿个神经细胞要比以前想象的更聪明,人类的感知能力也比以前想象的更复杂。接着作者通过对机器人和人脑的比较来说明段落主题:在严格控制的工厂环境里,机器人能够在仪表盘上识别微小的误差。但是人脑瞥一眼快速变化的场景,就能迅速排除98%的不相干的物体,立即聚焦于森林中蜿蜒道路旁的一只猴子。该段末句既对前面比较论证部分的目的进行说明,又重申了主题:世界上最先进的机器人也无法和人脑相比。可见文中举猴子的例子只是为了说明人脑的复杂性。C选项符合题意。
收录时间: 2020-06-04 23:37:23
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