2020年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、Lakes, Too, Feel Global Warming
There's no doubt, In the last few decades, the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it has been in hundreds of years. Around the world, people are starting to measure the effects of global warming and trying to figure out what to do about it.
Scientist recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world and they found that lakes are heating up. Between 1985 and 2009, satellites recorded the night time temperatures of the surfaces of 167 lakes. During those 24 years, the lakes got warmer by an average of about 0.045 degree Celsius per year.
In some places, lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate, a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius in just 10 years. That difference may seem small you might not even notice it in your bath. But in a lake, slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae (水藻) and algae can make the lake poisonous to fish.
The study shows that in some regions, lakes are warming faster than the air around them. This is important because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how Earth is warming. By using lake temperatures as well, scientists can get a better picture of global warming. The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.
That's going to be useful, since no matter the country is too big or too small can't ignore climate changes. Scientists aren't the only ones concerned. Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be affected by the rapid warming of the planet. Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it, especially by reducing the amount of greenhouse(温室) gases we put into the air.
That's why the United Nations started the Framework Convention on Climate Change, or UNFCCC. Every year the convention meets, and representatives from countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.
Lakes seem to be warming faster in Asia.
【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度较大，答案依据不明显，需要通读全文。通读全文可以发现，文章并没有提到亚洲地区的湖水升温更快些，本题是没有提及的，答案是C。

2、Mary is looking for the book she lost yesterday. 【单选题】

A.trying to find

B.trying to read

C.trying to buy

D.trying to borrow

正确答案:A

答案解析:look for:寻找。它是活动动词，不一定有结果，进行时是其常见的形式。find是在瞬间能得到一个结果的动词。find不适合用进行时。try to find：试图找到，也就是说，这种努力不一定有结果，因此在意义上跟look for近似。read：阅读；buy:购买；borrow:借入。

3、They agreed to settle the dispute by peaceful means. 【单选题】

A.solve

B.determine

C.untie

D.complete

正确答案:A

答案解析:settle和solve都表示“解决”；determine:决定；untie:解开；complete：完成。

4、Houses of the Future
What will houses be like in thirty years' time? No one really knows, but architects are trying to predict. _____
Future houses will have to be flexible. In thirty years' time even more of us will be working from home. So we will have to be able to use areas of the house for work for part of the day and for living for the rest. Families grow and change with children arriving, growing up and leaving home. The house of the future will have to grow and change with the family. Nothing will be as fixed as it is now. The house will always be changing to meet changing needs.
Everyone agrees that in thirty years' time we will be living in "intelligent" houses. We will be able to talk to our kitchen machines and discuss with them what to do. Like this, "We'll be having a party this weekend. What food shall we cook?" And the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy and how to cook it. We will be able to leave most of the cooking to the machines, just tasting things from time to time to check.
The house of the future will be personal, each house will be different. You will be able to change the color of the wall easily.You won't have to paint them-you'll be able to tell the wall to change the color! And if you don't like the color the next day, you will be able to have a new one. The only thing you won't be able to do is move the house somewhere else!
【单选题】

A.You will be able to change the color of the wall easily.

B.The only thing you won't be able to do is move the house somewhere else!

C.And the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy and how to cook it.

D.What will our home be like then?

E.The house of the future will have to grow and change with the family.

F.The kids might take their bedrooms with them as they leave.

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题的难度较大。需要认真阅读文章，特别是第一段和第二段，可用排除法和代入法。本题的上文谈到了没有人会知道30年后房子是什么样子，但建筑家们正在努力地预测。开头第一句用的是疑问句，下文的第一句就谈到未来的房子要十分灵活，用的是陈述句，可以推测此处很可能继续对未来房屋进行发问来展开文章的叙述，回来看选项，可以先排除A，B，C，F项，把D，E代入文章里，可以发现，D更能符合上下文语境和逻辑，是最佳答案。

5、Airbus
Despite bulging order books, the mood at Airbus and Boeing is far from celebratory. Both aviation giants are moaning loudly that their production systems and supply chains are flawed, albeit for ostensibly different reasons. This week Louis Gallois, the boss of EADS, the Franco-German aerospace consortium that owns Airbus, added substance to warnings a week earlier by the planemaker’s chief executive, Tom Enders, that the dollar's decline was "life-threatening" for the firm. Mr. Gallois said it was no longer just a possibility that Airbus would have to move a large part of its production to "the dollar zone" or low-cost countries, but a certainty.
Airbus is already in the middle of Power 8, a big restructuring plan that involves the loss of 10,000 jobs and the sale of several plants, which is meant to offset the losses caused by the delays in delivering the A380 superjumbo. But Power 8 assumed that a euro was worth $ 1.35, not today's $ 1.47. Mr. Gallois estimates that each 10-cent rise in the euro costs Airbus 1 billion. At present, Airbus makes 76% of its purchases within Europe, but generates over 60% of its sales elsewhere. It must now shift some production abroad.
Airbus is now likely to forge ahead much further. Mr. Gallois suggests that when the A350 enters service in 2013, 70% of it will have been "purchased" in dollars, against 50% for the A380 and an average 24% of Airbus production today. Because Airbus insists that some of its European suppliers price in dollars that means about 50% of the A350's production will be outsourced. New aircraft, such as the A320's successor, may be made almost entirely outside the euro-zone.
Airbus maintains that exchange rates are not the only reason for outsourcing: it is keen to tap into composite-manufacturing expertise wherever it exists. It also insists that it will not repeat the mistakes Boeing has made with its new 787 Dreamliner, about 80% of which has been outsourced. A few weeks ago Mike Bair, the executive responsible for the 787 programme, who was recently moved sideways after mounting production delays, launched a withering attack on some of the companies recruited to build the plane. He said that in future Boeing would not entrust design work to partners who "proved incapable of doing it", and would make suppliers build factories close to Boeing's main assembly operation, rather than flying semi-finished sections of the aircraft round the world on huge Dreamlifter transporters.
It is too early to conclude that the two rivals are heading in opposite directions- Boeing renouncing the global supply chain just as Airbus adopts it. Each company has its own axe to grind. Airbus needs greater flexibility, and the weak dollar provides helpful cover as it takes on its grumbling unions. Boeing, for its part, wants to shift the blame for delays to the 787 on to its partners. The logic of global outsourcing in the aerospace industry remains powerful. Whatever they may be saying now. Airbus and Boeing are more likely to converge than to diverge.
According to the passage, the 787 programme is delayed probably because ______.
【单选题】

A.the partners are not incapable of building the plane

B.The suppliers are far away from the main assembly operation

C.80% of it has been outsourced to other countries which affected efficiency

D.the executive is not qualified incapable of finding qualified partners

正确答案:B

答案解析:推理题。题干考查的是787项目被延误的原因。答案参见第四段：可能的原因有两方面，不能胜任的合作人和运输飞机半成品部件的费用，故正确答案为B。

6、Seeing Red Means Danger Ahead
The color red often means danger and by paying attention, accidents can be prevented. In the future, the color red also may help prevent danger at construction sites. Thanks to new work by engineers, bridge supports or other kinds of materials, could one day contain a color - changing material. It will turn red before a structure collapses or falls apart.
The secret behind the color - changing material is a particular type of molecule (分子). A molecule is a group of atoms (原子) held together by chemical bonds. Molecules come in all shapes and sizes and make up everything you can see, touch or feel. How a molecule behaves depends on what kinds of atoms it contains and how they're held together.
When a polymer (聚合物) containing a color - changing molecule called a mechanophore (机械响应性聚合物) is about to break, it produces a color. When a polymer with mechanophore molecules becomes "injured" or weak, one of the mechanophore bonds breaks and the material turns red. "It's a really simple detection method," says Nancy Sottos, one of the scientists who worked on the project. Sottos and her team tested the color - changing polymers in their lab. The test results proved encouraging.
There is a way to get rid of the red color light. When a bright light is shone on the mechanophore, the broken bond is fixed and the red color disappears. Thus "self - healing" may be a problem for engineers. They need to use the color - changer in big construction projects that will be outside, under sunlight. And sunlight will make the mechanophore's warning system _____.
Sottos and her fellow scientists still have a lot of work to do before the color - changing molecules can be used outside the lab.

【单选题】

A.dangerous

B.useless

C.helpful

D.important

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度，干扰项干扰较大，关键在理解好文章上下文意义，文章此处是说“阳光会让这种机械响应性聚合物的报警系统失效”，答案是B。

7、Rockets in the Sky
If someone asked you. "What color is the sky?" I expect that you would answer, "Blue." I am afraid that you would be wrong. The sky has no color. When we see blue, we are looking at blue sunlight. The sunlight is shining on little bits of dust in the air.
We know that there is air all around the world. We could not breathe without air. Airplanes could not fly without air. They need air to lift their wings. Airplanes cannot fly very high because as they go higher the air gets thinner. If we go far enough away from the earth, we find there is no air. What is the sky? The sky is space. In this space there is nothing except the sun, the moon and all the stars.
Scientists have always wanted to know more about the other worlds in the space. They have looked at them through telescopes and in this way they have found out a great deal.
The moon is about 384,000 kilometers away from the earth. An airplane cannot fly to the moon but there is a thing that can fly even when there is no air. This is rocket.
I am sure that you are asking. "How does a rocket fly?" If you want to know, get a balloon and then blow it up until it is quite big. Do not tie up the neck of the balloon. Let go! The balloon will fly off through the air very quickly. The air inside the balloon tries to get out. It rushes out through neck of the ball off and this pushes the balloon through the air. It does not need wings like an air plane.
This is how a rocket works. It is not made of rubber like a balloon, of course. It is made of metal. The metal must not be heavy but it must be very strong. There is gas inside the rocket which is made very hot. When it rushes out of the end of the rocket, the rocket is pushed up into the air.
Rockets can fly far out into space. Rockets with men inside them have already reached the moon. Several rockets, without men inside them, have been sent to other worlds much farther away. One day rockets may be able to go anywhere in the space.
A rocket can fly to the moon because____.
【单选题】

A.it looks like a balloon.

B.it is much lighter than an airplane.

C.it doesn't have wings.

D.it works like an untied balloon.

正确答案:D

答案解析:文章第6段都在综述气球的飞行原理来解释火箭的工作原理，因此选D。

8、Better Control of TB Seen if a Faster Cure is Found
The World Health Organization estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis. Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their lungs. Two million people die of it. The disease has increased with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis.
Current treatments take at least six months. Patients have to take a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop as soon as they feel better. Doing that can lead to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how effective it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients cured. It would also mean fewer infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others.
The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They ______ the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might prevent about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these reductions would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve.
The World Health Organization developed the DOTS program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make sure they continue treatment.
Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research into new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.
【单选题】

A.provided

B.introduced

C.tested

D.tempted

正确答案:C

答案解析:只有填C（检验）才能符合上下文意思，其他3项不仅词义不合适，词的用法也不对。

9、How to Be a Successful Businessperson
Have you ever wondered why some people are successful in business and others are not? Here's a story about one successful businessperson. He started out washing dishes and today he owns 168 restaurants.
Zubair Kazi was born in Bhatkal, a small town in southwest India. His dream was to be an airplane pilot, and when he was 16 years old, he learned to fly a small plane.
At the age of 23 and with just a little money in his pocket, Mr. Kazi moved to the United States. He hoped to get a job in the airplane industry in California. Instead, he ended up working for a company that rented cars.
While Mr. Kazi was working at the car rental(租赁的) company, he frequently ate at a nearby KFC restaurant. To save money on food, he decided to get a job with KFC. For two months, he worked as a cook's assistant. His job was to clean the kitchen and help the cook. "I didn't like it," Mr. Kazi says, "but I always did the best I could."
One day, Mr. Kazi's two co - workers failed to come to work. That day, Mr. Kazi did the work of all three people in the kitchen. This really impressed the owners of the restaurant.
A few months later, the owners needed a manager for a new restaurant. They gave the job to Mr. Kazi. He worked hard as the manager and soon the restaurant was making a profit.
A few years later, Mr. Kazi heard about a restaurant that was losing money. The restaurant was dirty inside and the food was terrible. Mr. Kazi borrowed money from a bank and bought the restaurant. For the first six months, Mr. Kazi worked in the restaurant from 8 a. m. to 10 p. m. , seven days a week. He and his wife cleaned up the restaurant, remodeled the front of the building, and improved the cooking. They also tried hard to please the customers. If someone had to wait more than ten minutes for their food, Mrs. Kazi gave them a free soda. Before long the restaurant was making a profit.
A year later, Mr. Kazi sold his restaurant for a profit. With the money he earned, he bought three more restaurants that were losing money. Again, he cleaned them up, improved the food, and retrained the employees. Before long these restaurants were making a profit, too.
Today Mr. Kazi owns 168 restaurants, but he isn't planning to stop there. He's looking for more poorly managed restaurants to buy. "I love it when I go to buy a restaurant and find it's a mess," Mr. Kazi says. "The only way it can go is up. "
Mr. Kazi decided to work with KFC to ______.【单选题】

A.learn how to cook

B.save money for a car

C.save money on food

D.learn how to run a restaurant

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度不大，也是送分题，答案依据是这一句：To save money on food，he decided to get a job with KFC.

10、Arctic Melt
Earth's North and South Poles are famous for being cold and icy. Last year, however, the amount of ice in the Arctic Ocean fell to a record low.
Normally, ice builds in Arctic waters around the North Pole each winter and shrinks during the summer. But for many years, the amount of ice left by the end of summer has been declining.
Since 1979, each decade has seen an 11. 4 percent drop in end of summer ice cover. Between 1981 and 2000, ice in the Arctic lost 22 percent of its thickness, becoming 1.13 meters thinner.
Last summer, Arctic sea ice reached its skimpiest levels yet. By the end of summer 2007, the ice had shrunk to cover just 4.2 million square kilometers. That's 38 percent less area than the average cover at that time of year. And it's a very large 23 percent below the previous record low, which was set just 2 years ago. This continuing trend has scientists concerned.
There may be several reasons for the ice melt, says Jinlun Zhang, an oceanographer at the University of Washington at Seattle. Unusually strong winds blew through the Arctic last summer. The winds pushed much of the ice out of the central Arctic, leaving a large area of thin ice and open water.
Scientists also suspect that fewer clouds cover the Arctic now than in the past. Clearer skies allow more sunlight to reach the ocean. The extra heat warms both the water and the atmosphere. In parts of the Arctic Ocean last year, surface temperatures were 3.5℃ warmer than average and 1.5℃ warmer than the previous record high.
With both air and water getting warmer, the ice is melting from both above and below. In some parts of the Beaufort Sea, north of Alaska and western Canada, ice that measured 3. 3 meters thick at the beginning of the summer measured just 50 centimeters by season's end.
The new measurements suggest that melting is far more severe than scientists have seen by just looking at ice cover from above, says Donald K. Perovich, a geophysicist at the U. S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory in Hanover, N. H.
Some scientists fear that the Arctic is stuck in a warming trend from which it may never recover.
What is the ice cover in the Arctic by the end of 2007 summer?
【单选题】

A.4.2 million square kilometers

B.11.4 million square kilometers

C.1.13 million square kilometers

D.38 million square kilometers

正确答案:A

答案解析:原文为By the end of summer 2007, the ice had shrunk to cover just 4. 2 million square kilometers。