2020年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理历年真题5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、Nurse! I Want My Mummy
When a child is ill in hospital, a parent's first reaction is to be with them.
Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep overnight with their child, providing a bed or sofa on the ward.
But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon (不赞同) — it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children would be upset when their parents left, and so there was a blanket (通用的) ban.
A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study "Nurse, I want my mummy!" published in 1974, changed the face "paediatric (儿科的) nursing.
Martin Johnson, a professor of nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care.
"Pamela's study was done against the background of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in hospital."
"The idea was that if mum came to visita small child in hospital the child would be upset and inconsolable (无法安慰的) for hours. "
"Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. "
"Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was ever coming back."
"To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit."
"But children were alone and depressed, so Hawthorn said parents should be allowed to visit."
Dr. Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal (开创性的).
"Her research put an end to the ____ when parents handed their children over to strangers at the door of the hospital ward."
"As a result of her work, parents are now recognized as partners in care and are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children while they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents' and children's experience of care."
【单选题】

A.months

B.days

C.weeks

D.hours

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题难度不大，考查词义辨析，可以先看选项得到信息提示。文章此处是说“她的研究结束了家长在医院病房门口把孩子交给陌生人照顾的时代”，days指“时代，日子”，答案是B。

2、College Night Owls Have Lower Grades
College students who are morning people tend to get better grades than those who are night owls(晚睡的人), according to University of North Texas researchers.
They had 824 undergraduate(大学本科生的) students complete a health survey that in cluded questions about sleep habits and daytime functioning, and found that students who are morning people had higher grade point averages(GPAs) than those who are night people.
"The finding that college students who are evening types have lower GPAs is a very important finding, sure to make its way into undergraduate psychology texts in the near future, along with the research showing that memory is improved by sleep," study co - author Daniet J. Taylor said in a prepared statement.
"Further, these results suggest that it might be possible to improve academic performance by using chronotherapy (时间疗法) to help students retrain their biological clock to become more morning types," Taylor said.
The research was expected to be presented Monday at SLEEP, the annual meeting of the Associated Professional (专业的) Sleep Societies, in Baltimore.
In other findings expected to be heard at the meeting, University of Colorado researchers found a significant association between insomnia (失眠) and a decline in college students' academic performance.
The study included 64 psychology, nursing and medical students, average age 27. 4 years, who were divided into two groups—low GPAs and high GPAs.
Among those with low GPAs,69.7 percent had trouble falling asleep,53.1 percent experienced leg kicks or twitches (痉挛) at night, 65.6 percent reported waking at night and having trouble falling back to sleep, and 72.7 percent had difficulty concentrating during the day.
"In college students, the complaint of difficulty concentrating during the day continues to have a considerable impact on their ability to succeed in the classroom," study author Dr. James F. Pagel said in a prepared statement. "This study showed that disordered sleep has significant harmful effects on a student's academic performance, including GPAs."
According to Dr. Pagel, the academic performance of a student will be affected ______.【单选题】

A.if he or she is not motivated

B.if he or she is troubled by disordered sleep

C.if he or she is a morning type

D.if he or she is a lazy person

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，答案依据是文章最后一段最后一句，谈到睡眠紊乱对学生学术能力的副作用很大，包括考试成绩，回来看选项，B项和原文句意相符，是答案。

3、Happy Marriage, Happy Heart
Happily married people have lower blood pressure than unhappily married people or singles, a Brigham Young University study says.
On the other hand, even having a supportive social network did not translate into a blood pressure benefit for singles or unhappily married people, according to the study.
"There seems to be some unique health benefits from marriage. It's not just being named that benefits health-what's really the most protective of health is having a happy ____," study author Julianne Holt Lunstad, a psychologist who specializes in relationships and health, said in a prepared statement.
The study included 204 married and 99 single adults who wore portable blood - pressure monitors for 24 hours. The monitors recorded blood pressure at random intervals and provided a total of about 72 readings.
"We wanted to capture participants' blood pressure doing whatever they normally do in everyday life. Getting one or two readings in a clinic is not really representative of the fluctuations (波动) that occur throughout the day," Holt Lunstad said.
Overall, happily married people scored four points lower on the blood pressure readings than single adults. The study also found that blood pressure among married people, especially those in happy marriages dropped more during sleep than in single people.
"Research has shown that people whose blood pressure remains high throughout the night are at much greater risk of heart disease than people whose blood pressure drops," Holt Lunstad said.
The study was published in the March 20 issue of the journal Annals (年刊) of Behavioral Medicine.
The study also found that unhappily married adults have higher blood pressure than both happily married and single adults.
Holt Lunstad noted that married couples can encourage healthy habits in one another, such as eating a healthy diet and having regular doctor visits. People in happy marriages also have a source of emotional support, she said.
【单选题】

A.married

B.engaged

C.linked

D.loved

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，考查词义辨析。上文已经几次提到了unhappily married people，信息提示比较明显，所以此处应该填married，答案是A。

4、Such a database would be extremely costly to set up.【单选题】

A.establish

B.destroy

C.update

D.transfer

正确答案:A

答案解析:建这样一个数据库将耗资巨大。本题难度不大，是送分题目。set up，常用短语，指“建立”，和establish“建立”是同义词，B项指“破坏”，C项指“更新”，D项指“转换”，干扰不强。

5、Nurse! I Want My Mummy
When a child is ill in hospital, a parent's first reaction is to be with them.
Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep overnight with their child, providing a bed or sofa on the ward.
But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon (不赞同) — it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children would be upset when their parents left, and so there was a blanket (通用的) ban.
A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study "Nurse, I want my mummy!" published in 1974, changed the face "paediatric (儿科的) nursing.
Martin Johnson, a professor of nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care.
"Pamela's study was done against the background of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in hospital."
"The idea was that if mum came to visita small child in hospital the child would be upset and inconsolable (无法安慰的) for hours. "
"Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at ____ the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. "
"Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was ever coming back."
"To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit."
"But children were alone and depressed, so Hawthorn said parents should be allowed to visit."
Dr. Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal (开创性的).
"Her research put an end to the days when parents handed their children over to strangers at the door of the hospital ward."
"As a result of her work, parents are now recognized as partners in care and are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children while they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents' and children's experience of care."
【单选题】

A.all

B.large

C.will

D.it

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，考查固定搭配not at all，指“根本不”，答案是A。