2025年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理阅读理解分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、College Night Owls Have Lower GradesCollege students who are morning people tend to get better grades than those who are night owls(晚睡的人), according to University of North Texas researchers.They had 824 undergraduate(大学本科生的) students complete a health survey that in cluded questions about sleep habits ａｎｄ　daytime functioning, ａｎｄ　found that students who are morning people had higher grade point averages(GPAs) than those who are night people."The finding that college students who are evening types have lower GPAs is a very important finding, sure to make its way into undergraduate psychology texts in the near future, along with the research showing that memory is improved by sleep," study co - authｏｒDaniet J. Taylｏｒsaid in a prepared statement."Further, these results suggest that it might be possible to improve academic performance by using chronotherapy (时间疗法) to help students retrain their biological clock to become more morning types," Taylｏｒsaid.The research was expected to be presented Monday at SLEEP, the annual meeting of the Associated Professional (专业的) Sleep Societies, in Baltimore.In other findings expected to be heard at the meeting, University of Colorado researchers found a significant association between insomnia (失眠) ａｎｄ　a decline in college students\' academic performance.The study included 64 psychology, nursing ａｎｄ　medical students, average age 27. 4 years, who were divided into two groups—low GPAs ａｎｄ　high GPAs.Among those with low GPAs,69.7 percent had trouble falling asleep,53.1 percent experienced leg kicks ｏｒtwitches (痉挛) at night, 65.6 percent reported waking at night ａｎｄ　having trouble falling back to sleep, ａｎｄ　72.7 percent had difficulty concentrating during the day."In college students, the complaint of difficulty concentrating during the day continues to have a considerable impact on their ability to succeed in the classroom," study authｏｒDr. James F. Pagel said in a prepared statement. "This study showed that disordered sleep has significant harmful effects on a student\'s academic performance, including GPAs."In the second study, students with low GPAs did NOT complain of ______.【单选题】

A.having trouble falling asleep

B.waking at night ａｎｄ　having trouble falling back to sleep

C.having difficulty concentrating during the day

D.being kicked in the leg at night

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，答案依据是文章倒数第二段，本段谈到了成绩较低的学生中有53. 1%的人晚上会踢腿或痉挛，但没有提到腿被踢，答案是D。

2、Computer crimesMore ａｎｄ　more, the operations of our business, governments, ａｎｄ　financial institutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information fｏｒhis own purposes can reap substantial rewards. Even worse, a number of people who have done this ａｎｄ　been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment.It\'s easy fｏｒcomputer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the computer is doing, but even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a glowing recommendation from his former employers. Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected but it\'s disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections ｏｒother security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may have been the victims of uncommonly bad luck.Fｏｒexample, a certain keypunch operatｏｒcomplained of having to stay overtime to punch extra cards. Investigation revealed that the extra cards she was being asked to punch were fｏｒdishonest transactions. In another case, dissatisfied employees of the thief tipped off the company that was being robbed unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, ｏｒgo to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations ａｎｄ　perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been met.Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out their computer had been misused. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled the most confidential records right under the noses of the company\'s executives, accountants, ａｎｄ　security staff. ａｎｄ　so another computer criminal departs with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere.Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?【单选题】

A.A strict law against computer crimes must be enforced.

B.Companies need to impose restrictions on confidential information.

C.Companies will guard against computer crimes to protect their reputation.

D.Companies usually hesitate to uncover computer crimes.

正确答案:D

答案解析:A：应该建立一套严格的反计算机犯罪的法律；B：公司应该对绝密的材料进行严格的控制；C：公司为了维护其声誉，应该对计算机犯罪严加防范，文中都没有提到。只有D在文中最后两段中有所表述。公司出于对自己声誉的考虑，往往对计算机犯罪含糊其辞，遮遮掩掩。

3、Surprised by a MiracleI had been working in the trauma unit at a local hospital fｏｒabout a year. You get used to families thinking that a "coma" patient is moving their hａｎｄ　ｏｒdoing something that they were asked to do. "Following commands" is what we call it. Often it\'s "wishful thinking" on the Families\' part. Nurses can easily become callous to it.On this particular night during visiting hours, my patient\'s wife came in. I had taken care of him fｏｒseveral nights. I was very familiar with his care ａｎｄ　what he was able to do. Actually, he didn\'t do anything. He barely moved at all, even when something would obviously hurt him, such as suctioning.His wife was very short, about 5 feet tall. She had to stａｎｄ　on a stool to lean over him, so that she could see his face ａｎｄ　talk to him. She climbed up on the stool. I spoke to her fｏｒa few minutes, ａｎｄ　then stepped out to tend to my other patient. A few minutes later, she came running out of the room. In an excited voice, she said, "Donna, he\'s moving his hand!"I immediately thought that it was probably her imagination, ａｎｄ　that he had not actually done it on purpose. He had been there about a month at the time ａｎｄ　had never made any movements on purpose. I asked her what had happened ａｎｄ　she said, "I asked him to squeeze my hａｎｄ　ａｎｄ　he did!"This led me to another train of questioning. "But, did he let go when you asked him to?" She said yes, that he had done exactly what she asked.I went into the room with her, not really believing that I would see anything different than I had always seen. But I decided that it would be better to pacify her than to make her think I didn\'t believe her ｏｒthat she was somehow mistaken.She asked him to squeeze her hand, which he did. I said, "Well, ask him to let go. " He continued to squeeze fｏｒa moment, so that when he finally did let go, I really still didn\'t believe that he had done it on purpose. So, I said, "Ask him to hold up one finger. " He did as asked.Well, hmm, this was starting to get my attention. I looked at him, his face still somewhat swollen ａｎｄ　his eyes still closed. "Stick out your tongue!" I said. He did it. I almost fell on the floor. It was the first time I had ever seen anyone "wake up. "How did the authｏｒfeel upon first hearing what the excited wife said?【单选题】

A.She was amused.

B.She was doubtful.

C.She was scared.

D.She was shocked.

正确答案:B

答案解析:短文的第三段的头一句话表明，作者开始基本上不相信病人家属所说的话。

4、15 Million Americans Suffer from Social Anxiety DisorderSocial anxiety disｏｒｃｅｒprevents some 15 million Americans from leading normal social ａｎｄ　romantic lives, a new survey finds.The disｏｒｃｅｒleaves many isolated, ashamed ａｎｄ　often misdiagnosed. Thirty-six percent of those with social anxiety disｏｒｃｅｒhave symptoms fｏｒ10 years ｏｒmore before seeking help, the Anxiety Disorders Association of America reports."Social anxiety disｏｒｃｅｒis when somebody has an intense, persistent ａｎｄ　irrational fear of social ｏｒperformance situations," Jerilyn Ross, the association\'s president ａｎｄ　CEO, said during a teleconference Wednesday."The condition causes people to avoid common, everyday situations ａｎｄ　even other people fｏｒfear of being judged ｏｒcriticized ｏｒhumiliated ｏｒembarrassing themselves," Ross said.Social anxiety disｏｒｃｅｒcan interfere with daily routines ａｎｄ　job performance, Ross noted. "It also makes it very difficult fｏｒpeople to develop friends ａｎｄ　romantic partnerships," she said.People with this disｏｒｃｅｒrecognize their fear is excessive ａｎｄ　irrational, Ross noted. "But they feel powerless to do anything about it," she said.Social anxiety disｏｒｃｅｒcan start in the early teens, Dr. Mark H. Pollack, directｏｒof the Center fｏｒAnxiety ａｎｄ　Traumatic Stress Disorders ａｎｄ　a professｏｒof psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, said during the teleconference."This is a disｏｒｃｅｒthat starts affecting people early on," Pollack said. "The typical age of onｓｅｔis early adolescence, age 12 ｏｒ13, ａｎｄ　many individuals report a history of anxiety dating back to earlier childhood."The disｏｒｃｅｒalso has physical symptoms, including heart palpitations, feelings that their throat will close up, sweating, blushing, faintness, trembling ａｎｄ　stammering, Ross said.Among people with the disorder, 75 percent said the condition affected their ability to do normal activities. In addition, 69 percent said they didn\'t want people to think they were crazy, ａｎｄ　58 percent said they were embarrassed by their condition, Ross said.However, when the condition is diagnosed ａｎｄ　treated, many reported improvement in their lives. In fact, 59 percent who were receiving treatment said treatment had a positive effect on their ability to have a romantic relationship. In addition, 39 percent who had received treatment said knowing that treatment can be successful aided their decision to get help, Ross noted.What do people with social anxiety disｏｒｃｅｒthink of their fear?【单选题】

A.They think it\'s beyond their control.

B.They think it\'s beneficial.

C.They think it\'s controllable.

D.They think it\'s justified.

正确答案:A

答案解析:短文的第六段说，患有social anxiety disorder的人意识到他们的恐惧是过分的和非理性的，然而却对此无能为力。

5、Outside-the-classroom Learning Makes a Big DifferencePutting a bunch of college students in charge of a $300,000 Dance Marathon, fundraiser surely sounds a bit risky. When you consider the fact that the money is supposed to be given to. Children in need of medical care, you might call the idea crazy.Most student leaders don\'t want to spend a large amount of time on something they care little about, said 22-year-old University of Florida student Darren Heitner. He was the Dance Marathon\'s operations officer fｏｒtwo years.Yvonne Fangmeyer, directｏｒof the student organization office at the University of Wisconsin, conducted a survey in February of students involved in campus organizations. She said the desire fｏｒfriendship was the most frequently cited reason fｏｒjoining.At large universities like Fangmeyer\'s, which has more than 40,000 students, the students, first of all, want to find a way to "belong in their own comer of campus".Katie Rowley, a Wisconsin senior, confirms the survey\'s findings. "I wanted to make the campus feel smaller by joining an organization where I could not only get involved on campus but also find aｇｒｏｕｐof friends. "All of this talk of friendship, however, does not mean that students aren\'t thinking about their resumes. "I think that a lot of people do join to \'fatten up their resume\'," said Heitner. "At the beginning of my college career, I joined a few of these organizations, hoping to get a start in my leadership roles. "But without passion student leaders can have a difficult time trying to weather the storms that come. Fｏｒexample, in April, several student organizations at Wisconsin teamed up fｏｒan event designed to educate students about homelessness ａｎｄ　poverty. Student leaders had to face the problem of solving disagreements, moving the event because of rainy weather, ａｎｄ　dealing with the university\'s complicated bureaucracy."Outside-of the classroom learning really makes a big difference," Fangmeyer said.An extracurricular activity like raising a fund of $300,000 is risky because most student leaders ____.【单选题】

A.are lazy

B.are stupid

C.are not rich enough

D.wilt not take an interest in it

正确答案:D

答案解析:答案可以从第二段的第一句话中找到。第一句话是这么说的：大多数学生干部并不想在它们不感兴趣的事上花大量的时间。