2024年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编每天为您准备了5道每日一练题目（附答案解析），一步一步陪你备考，每一次练习的成功，都会淋漓尽致的反映在分数上。一起加油前行。

1、Parkinson\'s Disease1. Parkinson\'s disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine(多巴胺). Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly ａｎｄ　do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson\'s, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, ａｎｄ　you have trouble moving the way you want to.2. No one knows fｏｒsure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look fｏｒthe answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging ａｎｄ　poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson\'s disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited.3. Tremｏｒ(颤抖) may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. Tremｏｒoften starts in just one arm ｏｒleg ｏｒonly on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm ｏｒleg. It may get better when you move the limb ｏｒyou are asleep. In time, Parkinson\'s affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing ｏｒconstipation(便秘) . In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinson\'s may have a fixed ｏｒblank expression, trouble speaking, ａｎｄ　other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills.4. At this time, there is no cure fｏｒParkinson\'s disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms ａｎｄ　make the disease easier to live with. You may not even need treatment if your symptoms are not obvious. Your doctｏｒmay wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctｏｒwill adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results.Paragraph 3 ______【单选题】

A.Tips fｏｒPatients with the Disease

B.Common Treatment fｏｒthe Disease

C.Means of Diagnosis of the Disease

D.Typical Symptoms of the Disease

E.Possible Causes of the Disease

F.Definition of Parkinson\'s Disease

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题难度较大，没有明显的段落主旨句，需要较强的归纳概括能力。通读第三段可以发现，第三段主要讨论了颤抖、难以吞咽食物和便秘等帕金森病的几个症状，回来看选项，D项Typical Symptoms of the Disease，帕金森病的典型症状，简单概括了本段主要意思，是答案。

2、Nurse! I Want My MummyWhen a child is ill in hospital, a parent\'s first reaction is to be with them.Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep overnight with their child, providing a bed ｏｒsofa on the ward.But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon (不赞同) — it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children would be upｓｅｔwhen their parents left, ａｎｄ　so there was a blanket (通用的) ban.A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed ａｎｄ　her study "Nurse, I want my mummy!" published in 1974, changed the face "paediatric (儿科的) nursing.Martin Johnson, a professｏｒof nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care."Pamela\'s study was done against the background of a lively debate in paediatrics ａｎｄ　psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world ａｎｄ　the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in hospital.""The idea was that if mum came to visita small child in hospital the child would be upｓｅｔａｎｄ　inconsolable (无法安慰的) fｏｒhours. ""Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. ""Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope ____ mum was ever coming back.""To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit.""But children were alone ａｎｄ　depressed, so Hawthorn said parents should be allowed to visit."Dr. Peter Carter, chief executive ａｎｄ　general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal (开创性的)."Her research put an end to the days when parents handed their children over to strangers at the doｏｒof the hospital ward.""As a result of her work, parents are now recognized as partners in care ａｎｄ　are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children while they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents\' ａｎｄ　children\'s experience of care." 【单选题】

A.unless

B.that

C.because

D.whether

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度，考查同位语从句引导词that的用法，此处只能用that引导同位语从句，that表示对先行词hope进行解释说明，答案是B。

3、Outside-the-classroom Learning Makes a Big DifferencePutting a bunch of college students in charge of a $300,000 Dance Marathon, fundraiser surely sounds a bit risky. When you consider the fact that the money is supposed to be given to. Children in need of medical care, you might call the idea crazy.Most student leaders don\'t want to spend a large amount of time on something they care little about, said 22-year-old University of Florida student Darren Heitner. He was the Dance Marathon\'s operations officer fｏｒtwo years.Yvonne Fangmeyer, directｏｒof the student organization office at the University of Wisconsin, conducted a survey in February of students involved in campus organizations. She said the desire fｏｒfriendship was the most frequently cited reason fｏｒjoining.At large universities like Fangmeyer\'s, which has more than 40,000 students, the students, first of all, want to find a way to "belong in their own comer of campus".Katie Rowley, a Wisconsin senior, confirms the survey\'s findings. "I wanted to make the campus feel smaller by joining an organization where I could not only get involved on campus but also find aｇｒｏｕｐof friends. "All of this talk of friendship, however, does not mean that students aren\'t thinking about their resumes. "I think that a lot of people do join to \'fatten up their resume\'," said Heitner. "At the beginning of my college career, I joined a few of these organizations, hoping to get a start in my leadership roles. "But without passion student leaders can have a difficult time trying to weather the storms that come. Fｏｒexample, in April, several student organizations at Wisconsin teamed up fｏｒan event designed to educate students about homelessness ａｎｄ　poverty. Student leaders had to face the problem of solving disagreements, moving the event because of rainy weather, ａｎｄ　dealing with the university\'s complicated bureaucracy."Outside-of the classroom learning really makes a big difference," Fangmeyer said.What do student leaders need to carry an activity through to a successful end?【单选题】

A.Passion.

B.Money.

C.Power.

D.Fame.

正确答案:A

答案解析:答案可以从倒数第二段找到。第一句话是这么说的：但是，如果没有激情(passion)，学生干部试图经受急风暴雨的考验是会有困难的。

4、Human Heart Can Make New CellsSolving a longstanding (为时甚久的) mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues to generate new cardiac(心脏的 ) cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.The finding, published in the April 3 issue of Science, could open a new path fｏｒthe treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure ａｎｄ　heart attack, experts say."We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes (心肌细胞), are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen, a professｏｒof stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. "It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we are born with ｏｒif they could be renewed," he said.The process of renewing these cells changes over time, Frisen added. In a 20 - year - old, about I percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year, but the turnover (更替) rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75."If we can understａｎｄ　how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated, it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals (药物) that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after, fｏｒexample, a heart attack," Frisen said.That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts."A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure," noted co - authｏｒDr. Ratan Bhardwaj, also from the Karolinska Institute. "Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said.With this finding, scientists are "opening the doｏｒto potential therapies (疗法) to having ourselves heal ourselves." Bhardwaj said. "Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new ａｎｄ　more cells to overcome the problem they are facing. "But barriers remain. According to Bhardwaj, scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off, especially in older patients with heart failure. In addition, the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts-whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.In people in their mid -70s, only 0. 45 percent of cardiomyocytes ______.【单选题】

A.are still functional

B.are reduced each year

C.are replaced each year

D.are damaged each year

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显。带着题干信息词回文章定位，答案依据是文章第四段第二句，谈到到了75岁，心肌细胞的更新率就降到每年0. 45%，换句话说，到75岁时．每年只有0. 45%的心肌细胞被更新，回来看选项，C项和原文句意相符，是答案。

5、The IcemanOn a September day in 1991, two Germans were climbing the mountains between Austria ａｎｄ　Italy. High up on a mountain pass, they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height (10,499 feet, ｏｒ3 ,200 meters) , the ice is usually permanent, but 1991 had been an especially warm year. The mountain ice had melted more than usual ａｎｄ　so the body had come to the surface.It was lying face downward. The skeleton (骨架) was in perfect condition, except fｏｒa wound in the head, There was still skin on the bones ａｎｄ　the remains of some clothes. The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax ａｎｄ　on the feet there were very simple leather ａｎｄ　cloth hoots. Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark (树皮) ａｎｄ　a holder fｏｒarrows.Who was this man? How ａｎｄ　when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before ａｎｄ　whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousａｎｄ　years old.With modern dating techniques, the scientists soon learned that the Iceman was about 5,300 years old. Born in about 3300 B. C. , he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe. At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains. More recent evidence, however, tells a different story, A new kind of X - ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder. It left only a tiny hole in his skin, but it caused internal damage ａｎｄ　bleeding. He almost certainly died from this wound, ａｎｄ　not from the wound on the back of his head. This means that he was probably in some kind of a battle. It may have been part of a larger war, ｏｒhe may have been fighting bandits. He may even have been a bandit himself.By studying his clothes ａｎｄ　tools, scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived in. We may never know the full story of how he died, but he has given us important clues to the history of those distant times.All the following are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT ______.【单选题】

A.he was a soldier in World War I

B.he was a Swiss woman\'s long - lost father

C.he was born about a thousａｎｄ　years ago

D.he came from Italy

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题有一定难度，首先要读懂题干，好多考生因为没有读懂而做错。第三段谈到了对冰人的各种猜测：有人认为他是一战的士兵；一位瑞士女人坚信冰人是她二十年前死在山里的父亲，科学家们认为他大概有一千年的历史了，惟独没有提到冰人是意大利人的猜测，所以答案是D。