2024年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理概括大意与完成句子分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、Meet Your MemoryMemory is something that cannot be seen, touched ｏｒweighed. It is thought to be abstract. It is a ｓｅｔof skills rather than an object. Neither is there a single standard fｏｒjudging a good ｏｒpoｏｒmemory. There are a number of different ways in which a person may have a "good" memory.Memory is generally viewed as consisting of three stages: (1) acquisition refers to learning the material; (2) storage refers to keeping the material in the blain until it is needed; ａｎｄ　(3) retrieval (提取) refers to getting the material back out when it is needed.Memory consists of at least two different processes: short-term memory ａｎｄ　long-term memory. Short-term memory has a limited capacity ａｎｄ　a rapid forgetting rate. Its capacity can be increased by chunking (组成大块), ｏｒgrouping separate bits of information into larger chunks. Long-term memory has an almost unlimited capacity.One measure of memory is recall, which requires you to produce information by searching the memory fｏｒit. In aided recall, you are given cues (提示) to help you produce the information. In free-recall learning, you recall the material in any order; in serial learning, you recall it in the ｏｒｃｅｒit was presented; ａｎｄ　in paired-associate learning, you learn pairs of words so that when the first word is given, you can recall the second word. A second measure of memory is recognition in which you do not have to produce the information from memory, but must be able to identify it when it is presented to you. In a third measure of memory, relearning, the difference between how long it took to learn the material the first time ａｎｄ　how long it takes to learn it again indicates how much you remember. Relearning is generally a more sensitive measure of memory than is recognition because relearning shows retention (保持) while recognition does not. Recognition is generally a more sensitive measure than recall.Remembering involves getting the material back out when it is ______.【单选题】

A.short-term memory

B.relearning

C.needed

D.coded

E.recognition

F.slow forgetting rate

正确答案:C

答案解析:根据题干线索词getting the material back定位原文至第二段，该段只有一句话，但其后一部分提到retrieval (提取) refers to getting the material back out when it is needed. 这里retrieval与题干中的remembering意思相近，题干是对该部分的同义改写。由此推知，所需添加成分即为句中画线部分。C选项needed属于原文复现，故C为正确答案。

2、The Hurricane1. A hurricane (飓风) is a tropical storm with winds that have reached a constant speed of 74 miles per hour. Hurricane winds blow in a large spiral(螺旋) around a relative calm center known as the "eye". The "eye" is generally 20 to 30 miles wide, ａｎｄ　the storm may extend outward 400 miles. As a hurricane nears land, it can bring heavy rains, high winds ａｎｄ　storm surges(风暴潮). The storm surges ａｎｄ　heavy rains can lead to flooding.2. Hurricanes are given a different label, depending on where they occur. If they begin over the North Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, The Gulf of Mexico, ｏｒthe Northeast Pacific Ocean, they are called hurricanes. Similar storms that occur in the Northwest Pacific Ocean west of the Internaional Date Line are called typhoons near Australia ａｎｄ　in the Indian Ocean, they are referred to as tropical cyclones(龙卷风).3. When a hurricane hits land, it can do great damage through its fierce winds, heavy rains, inland(内陆的) flooding ａｎｄ　huge waves crashing on to the shore. During a hurricane, homes, businesses ａｎｄ　public buildings may be damaged ｏｒdestroyed, roads ａｎｄ　bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more people ａｎｄ　destroy more property than any other natural disaster. Fishermen are at special risk from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurricane arrives ａｎｄ　not be able to get to a safe harbｏｒif they do not receive adequate warning.4. If a hurricane is comming in your area, the most important thing is to stay calm ａｎｄ　find shelter immediately. Go to your safe room. If you do not have one, stay indoors during the hurricane ａｎｄ　go to a safer place near the center of your home. Cover yourself with a blanket ａｎｄ　be sure to keep away from windows ａｎｄ　glass doors, because if the glass breaks it’s really dangerous. Do not be fooled if there is lull(暂停), it could be the eye of the storm—winds will pick up again.A powerful hurricane may become the most destructive ______.【单选题】

A.different labels

B.window ａｎｄ　glass doors

C.inlａｎｄ　flooding

D.early warning

E.natural disaster

F.a constant speed

正确答案:E

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要认真寻找答案依据，答案依据在文章第三段的倒数第二句：A powerful hurricane can kill more people ａｎｄ　destroy more property than any other natural disaster。回来看选项，E项符合原文句意，是答案。

3、Cell Phones1. Believe it ｏｒnot, cell phones have been around fｏｒover a quarter of a century. The first commercial cell phone system was developed by the Japanese in 1979, but cell phones have changed a lot since that time. The early cell phones were big ａｎｄ　heavy but they have developed into small ａｎｄ　light palm sized models. There are huge developments in their functions, too. We have had call forwarding, text messaging, answering services ａｎｄ　hands - free use fｏｒyears, but now there are new facilities, such as instant access to the Internet ａｎｄ　receiving ａｎｄ　sending photos.2. Cell phones have become very common in our lives. Recent statistics suggest one in three people on the planet now have cell phone, ａｎｄ　most of them say they couldn\'t live without one, Cell phones are used in every area of our lives ａｎｄ　have become a necessary tool, used fｏｒessential arrangements, social contact ａｎｄ　business. It easier to call fｏｒhelp on the highway. It possible to keep in touch with people "on the move" when people are traveling.3. Cell phones have made communication easier ａｎｄ　have reduced the need fｏｒfamily arguments f We can use cell phones to let our family know we\'ll be late ｏｒif there\'s a sudden change of plan ｏｒan emergency. Cell phones have eased the worries of millions of parents when their teenagers are out late. They can now contact their children at any time.4. This does not mean that cell phones are all good news. Cell phones have brought with them a number of new headaches fｏｒtheir owners. It costs a lot to replace stolen phones, It is becoming a frequent occurrence, ａｎｄ　have you ever seen such a huge phone bills? More serious, however, Cell phones bring the potential health problem. There are fears that radiation from the phones may cause brain tumｏｒ肿瘤). This may be a time bomb waiting to happen to younger people who have grown up with cell phones. They simply can\'t live without cell phones!In spite of many benefits, cell phones have brought fｏｒtheir owners ______.【单选题】

A.a necessity

B.an emergency

C.a number of new headaches

D.family arguments

E.big ａｎｄ　light palm - sized models

F.countless new facilities

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，答案依据是第四段第二句：They have brought with them a number of new headaches fｏｒtheir owners.很明显答案是C。

4、Keeping Cut Flowers1 While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around his house, few people know how to keep them fｏｒas long as possible. This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple fact. 2 An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature. Fｏｒexample, studies have shown that cut carnations (康乃馨) retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12℃ than when kept at 26℃. Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of flower care. 3 Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long. Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds ｏｒinsects, such as bees, fｏｒpollination (粉). After that, they quickly dry up ａｎｄ　die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen ａｎｄ　produce carbon dioxide, called respiration, generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape ａｎｄ　color. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all giving things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A result of all this respiration is heat, ａｎｄ　fｏｒflowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high. Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies. 4 How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration. How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature. We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true. Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced ａｎｄ　the cut flower will age more slowly. 5 Another vital factｏｒin keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to "drink" water that is dirty ｏｒotherwise polluted. Even when water looks ａｎｄ　smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach (含氯漂白剂) can be used in small quantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach (at 4% solution) be added to each liter of water. The water ａｎｄ　solution should also be replaced each day. Another important way to prolong the life of cut flowers is____. 【单选题】

A.by keeping its original shape ａｎｄ　color

B.in the life ofthe cut flower

C.to produce carbon dioxide

D.fｏｒas long as possible

E.by controlling temperature

F.to replace the water ａｎｄ　solution every day

正确答案:F

答案解析:只要找到全文的最后一句就能正确回答该题。选项F符合题意，故选F。

5、Meet Your MemoryMemory is something that cannot be seen, touched ｏｒweighed. It is thought to be abstract. It is a ｓｅｔof skills rather than an object. Neither is there a single standard fｏｒjudging a good ｏｒpoｏｒmemory. There are a number of different ways in which a person may have a "good" memory.Memory is generally viewed as consisting of three stages: (1) acquisition refers to learning the material; (2) storage refers to keeping the material in the blain until it is needed; ａｎｄ　(3) retrieval (提取) refers to getting the material back out when it is needed.Memory consists of at least two different processes: short-term memory ａｎｄ　long-term memory. Short-term memory has a limited capacity ａｎｄ　a rapid forgetting rate. Its capacity can be increased by chunking (组成大块), ｏｒgrouping separate bits of information into larger chunks. Long-term memory has an almost unlimited capacity.One measure of memory is recall, which requires you to produce information by searching the memory fｏｒit. In aided recall, you are given cues (提示) to help you produce the information. In free-recall learning, you recall the material in any order; in serial learning, you recall it in the ｏｒｃｅｒit was presented; ａｎｄ　in paired-associate learning, you learn pairs of words so that when the first word is given, you can recall the second word. A second measure of memory is recognition in which you do not have to produce the information from memory, but must be able to identify it when it is presented to you. In a third measure of memory, relearning, the difference between how long it took to learn the material the first time ａｎｄ　how long it takes to learn it again indicates how much you remember. Relearning is generally a more sensitive measure of memory than is recognition because relearning shows retention (保持) while recognition does not. Recognition is generally a more sensitive measure than recall.Paragraph 2 ______.【单选题】

A.Why do we forget things?

B.How do we measure memory?

C.What are the stages memory consists of?

D.What is the difference between short-term memory ａｎｄ　long-term memory?

E.What is memory?

F.Who may have a poｏｒmemory?

正确答案:C

答案解析:第二段只有一句话，主要讲述了记忆的形成主要包括三个阶段，即获得、储存和提取。C选项What are the stages memory consists of?（记忆是由哪几个阶段组成？）与其意思相符，故C为正确答案。