2024年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、What Do Dreams Tell Us?Why do we dream? Do dreams have meanings? These are questions which have troubled man fｏｒthousands of years. The oldest surviving book on the interpretation of dreams is Egyptian ａｎｄ　is nearly 4,000 years old. In ancient Greece, it was thought that people who were ill could be cured by telling their dreams. They would relate their dreams to their doctors who would tell them what they meant ａｎｄ　then give them medicine to make them well. The ancient Chinese believed that if a pregnant woman dreamed of a bear, she would have a son, ａｎｄ　if she dreamed of a snake, she would have a daughter. There are many stories about dreams foretelling (预言) the future.We certainly do not now believe that dreams foretell the future. Most scientists believe that dreams are based on events in our own life ａｎｄ　on our feelings. The events are usually very recent, mostly within the last two days. Our emotions, on the other hａｎｄ　our wishes, hopes ａｎｄ　fears may go back many years, even to early childhood.In a dream, events are altered. A dream may contain parts of many real-life events. Most importantly, something that cannot be shown directly may be shown indirectly. Fｏｒexample, you might dream of driving a large car. This could mean not that you want to have a larger car, but that you desire power, ａｎｄ　maybe you want to control other people. Again, you may dream that you are an actｏｒin a play. The play is about to start, but you have completely forgot your lines. This dream may seem strange because you are not interested in acting, ａｎｄ　you never want to be in a play. But the dream may mean that you have some other problem that you feel is too difficult fｏｒyou to solve.Psychologists believe that dreams may be helpful to us. Indeed, people who have been allowed to sleep in experiments, but not allowed to dream, have become anxious ａｎｄ　restless. ａｎｄ　when they are later allowed to sleep as much as they like, they dream more than ever to make us fｏｒthe lost "dream time". Paragraph 1 ______.【单选题】

A.Structure ａｎｄ　interpretation of a dream

B.Ancient views on dreams

C.Babies dream less than older children

D.Dreaming may be good fｏｒour health

E.Dreams can not foretell the future

F.Healthy people do not dream

正确答案:B

答案解析:第一段主题句为第三句：These are questions which have troubled man fｏｒthousands of years. 这些问题已经困扰了人类几千年。段中则分别提到了古代埃及、希腊和中国对梦的理解。而B选项Ancient views on dreams（古人对梦的观点）与其意思一致，故B为正确答案。

2、AIDSAs a science writer, I don\'t have to wear emotional armｏｒvery often. Before I went to Zimbabwe fｏｒa visit, I had talked to other reporters who had spent time in Africa. All told me to get prepared fｏｒthe orphans, many of whom had caught the AIDS virus from their mothers ａｎｄ　the strong desire to make everything all right fｏｒthem. Then again, nothing could have prepared me fｏｒthe visit to creche(育婴堂) fｏｒAIDS orphans in Harare, where one sick, smiling four-year-old boy tried to keep up with the other kids playing ring-around-the-rosy but was so weak he kept falling to the floor, ｏｒmeeting a 25-year-old unmarried girl who cared fｏｒher nephew ______ The boy who called his aunt "Mama" was too weak even to take the piece of banana I offered. Meanwhile photojournalist Karin Retief was visiting a room at the hospice (济贫院) where she had been told a particularly sweet orphan boy stayed. At first she did not see anyone on the bed ａｎｄ　was about to say he must be elsewhere, when suddenly she spotted his tiny arm in the air, his body lost in the folds of the bedclothes. Recently Karin wrote to me that she had been able to keep our assignment from taking too great an emotional suffering at the time. " Only when I got back about a week later, could I moum the people I met", she continued. "I sat in church ａｎｄ　wanted to ask the priest to pray fｏｒthe people with AIDS in Zimbabwe ａｎｄ　all over the world. Then all the people\'s faces, pain ａｎｄ　suffering became so real, I could not get the words out. I broke down ａｎｄ　cried ａｎｄ　cried fｏｒthem". 【单选题】

A.where she had been told a particularly sweet orphan boy stayed

B.who had spent time in Africa

C.Only when I got back about a week later

D.even though her only income was from growing ａｎｄ　selling a few vegetables at the local market

E.was so weak he kept falling to the floor

F.while we were visiting the orphans

正确答案:D

答案解析:一个未婚女孩照顾她的侄子，尽管她的唯一收入来源是种菜，并在当地市场出售。符合语法要求，意思也完整。因此选D。

3、The development of the transistｏｒａｎｄ　integrated circuits revolutionized the electronics industry by allowing components to be packaged more densely. 【单选题】

A.compactly

B.inexpensively

C.quickly

D.carefully

正确答案:A

答案解析:densely:密集地、浓厚地，与compactly（紧密地；紧凑地）意思相近；inexpensively：不贵地；quickly:迅速地、快；carefully:仔细地、小心地。

4、At first, all the people laughed at his ridiculous suggestion. 【单选题】

A.amusing

B.shocking

C.frightening

D.foolish

正确答案:D

答案解析:ridiculous：荒谬的、可笑的，和foolish（愚蠢的）意思比较接近；amusmg：逗人发笑的；shocking：令人震惊的；frightening：令人害怕的。

5、The Hurricane1. A hurricane (飓风) is a tropical storm with winds that have reached a constant speed of 74 miles per hour. Hurricane winds blow in a large spiral(螺旋) around a relative calm center known as the "eye". The "eye" is generally 20 to 30 miles wide, ａｎｄ　the storm may extend outward 400 miles. As a hurricane nears land, it can bring heavy rains, high winds ａｎｄ　storm surges(风暴潮). The storm surges ａｎｄ　heavy rains can lead to flooding.2. Hurricanes are given a different label, depending on where they occur. If they begin over the North Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, The Gulf of Mexico, ｏｒthe Northeast Pacific Ocean, they are called hurricanes. Similar storms that occur in the Northwest Pacific Ocean west of the Internaional Date Line are called typhoons near Australia ａｎｄ　in the Indian Ocean, they are referred to as tropical cyclones(龙卷风).3. When a hurricane hits land, it can do great damage through its fierce winds, heavy rains, inland(内陆的) flooding ａｎｄ　huge waves crashing on to the shore. During a hurricane, homes, businesses ａｎｄ　public buildings may be damaged ｏｒdestroyed, roads ａｎｄ　bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more people ａｎｄ　destroy more property than any other natural disaster. Fishermen are at special risk from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurricane arrives ａｎｄ　not be able to get to a safe harbｏｒif they do not receive adequate warning.4. If a hurricane is comming in your area, the most important thing is to stay calm ａｎｄ　find shelter immediately. Go to your safe room. If you do not have one, stay indoors during the hurricane ａｎｄ　go to a safer place near the center of your home. Cover yourself with a blanket ａｎｄ　be sure to keep away from windows ａｎｄ　glass doors, because if the glass breaks it’s really dangerous. Do not be fooled if there is lull(暂停), it could be the eye of the storm—winds will pick up again.During a hurricane one should stay away from ______.【单选题】

A.different labels

B.window ａｎｄ　glass doors

C.inlａｎｄ　flooding

D.early warning

E.natural disaster

F.a constant speed

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，在文章最后一段的第三句：Cover yourself with blanket ａｎｄ　be sure to keep away from windows ａｎｄ　glass doors，…回来看选项，B项符合原文句意，是答案。

6、Light Night, Dark StarsThousands of people around the globe step outside to gaze at their night sky. On a clear night, with no clouds, moonlight, ｏｒartificial lights to block the view, people can see more than 14,000 stars in the sky, says Dennis Ward, an astronomer(天文学家) with the University Corporation fｏｒAtmospheric Research( UCAR) in Boulder, Colo. But when people are surrounded by city lights, he says, they\'re lucky to see 150 stars.If you\'ve ever driven toward a big city at night ａｎｄ　seen its glow from a great distance, you\'ve witnessed light pollution. It occurs when light from streetlights, office buildings, signs, ａｎｄ　other sources streams into space ａｎｄ　illuminates (照亮) the night sky. This haze (朦胧) of light makes many stars invisible to people on Earth. Even at night, big cities like New York glow from light pollution, making stargazing difficult.Dust ａｎｄ　particles of pollution factories ａｎｄ　industries worsen the effects of light pollution. "If one city has a lot more light pollution than another," Ward says, "that city will suffer the effects of light pollution on a much greater scale."Hazy skies also make it far more difficult fｏｒastronomers to do their jobs.Cities are getting larger. Suburbs are growing in once dark, rural areas. Light from all this new development is increasingly obscuring (使变模糊) the faint (微弱的) light give off by distant stars. ａｎｄ　if scientists can\'t locate these objects, they can\'t learn more about them.Light pollution doesn\'t only affect star visibility. It can harm wild life too. It\'s clear that artificial light can attract animals, making them go off course. There\'s increasing evidence, fｏｒexample, that migrating (迁徙) birds use sunsets ａｎｄ　sunrises to help find their way, says Sydney Gauthreaux Jr. , a scientist at Clemson University in South Carolina, "When light occurs at night," he says, "it has a very disruptive (破坏性的) influence." Sometimes birds fly into lighted towers, high - rises, ａｎｄ　cables from radio ａｎｄ　television towers. Experts estimate that millions of birds die this way every year.Nowadays even suburbs are becoming unsuitable fｏｒscientists to do their jobs because ______.【单选题】

A.the night sky there is too dark

B.the once dark areas are also polluted by lights

C.these areas are not polluted by chemicals

D.these areas are less developed

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要认真第五段，吃透句意。文章第五段谈到，市郊的灯火使科学家无法观测到天空星体发出微弱光线，回来看选项，B项符合原文句意，是答案。

7、Radiocarbon DatingNowadays scientists can answer many questions about the past through a technique called radiocarbon (放射性碳), ｏｒcarbon - 14 dating. One key to understanding how ａｎｄ　why something happened is to discover when it happened.Radiocarbon dating was developed in the late 1940s by physicist Willard F. Libby at the University of Chicago. An atom of ordinary carbon, called carbon -12, has six protons (质子) ａｎｄ　six neutrons (中子) in its nucleus (原子核). Carbon - 14, ｏｒC - 14, is a radioactive, unstable form of carbon that has two extra neutrons. It returns to a more stable form of carbon through a process called decay (衰减). This process involves the loss of the extra neutrons ａｎｄ　energy from the nucleus.In Libby\'s radiocarbon dating technique, the weak radioactive emissions(放射)from this decay process are counted by instruments such as a radiation detectｏｒａｎｄ　counter. The decay rate is used to determine the proportion of C -14 atoms in the sample being dated.Carbon - 14 is produced in the Earth\'s atmosphere when nitrogen(氮) - 14, ｏｒN - 14, interacts with cosmic rays (宇宙射线). Scientists believe since the Earth was formed, the amount of nitrogen in the atmosphere has remained constant. Consequently, C -14 formation is thought to occur at a constant rate. Now the ratio of C -14 to other carbon atoms in the atmosphere is known. Most scientists agree that this ratio is useful fｏｒdating items back to at least 50,000 years.All life on Earth is made of organic molecules (分子) that contain carbon atoms coming from the atmosphere. So all living things have about the same ratio of C -14 atoms to other carbon atoms in their tissues (组织). Once an organism (有机体) dies it stops taking in carbon in any form, ａｎｄ　the C -14 already present begins to decay. Over time the amount of C - 14 in the material decreases ａｎｄ　the ratio of C - 14 to other carbon atoms goes down. In terms of radiocarbon dating, the fewer C -14 atoms in a sample, the older that sample is.The half - life of C - 14 is about 25 ,000 years.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题有较大难度，答案依据不明显，需要通读全文作出判断。通读全文后可以发现文章并未提及碳的半衰期是25，000年，所以本题是未提及的，答案是C。

8、Techniques to harness the energy of the sun are being developed. 【单选题】

A.convert

B.store

C.utilize

D.receive

正确答案:C

答案解析:harness和utilize都表示“利用、使用”；convert:使…转变、使……转化；store:贮藏、贮备、储存；receive:收到、接收、接待。

9、A small number of firms have stopped trading.【单选题】

A.hotels

B.shops

C.restaurants

D.companies

正确答案:D

答案解析:题干大意：小部分公司已经停止贸易。画线词firm：公司。选项中，company：公司。hotel：酒店。如：Good morning, madam. Welcome to Wangfu Hotel. 女士，早上好，欢迎来到王府饭店。shop：商店。如：Keep the shop, ａｎｄ　shop will keep you. 保住你的商店，商店就会保住你。restaurant：饭店。如：I went to a restaurant yesterday. 我昨天去一个饭店了。

10、Easy ListeningStudents should be jealous. Not only do babies get to doze their days away, but they\'ve also mastered the fine art of learning in their sleep. By the time babies are one year old, they can recognize a lot of sounds ａｎｄ　even simple words. Marie Cheour at the University of Turku in Finlａｎｄ　suspected that they might progress this fast because they learn language while they sleep as well as when they are awake. To test the theory, Cheour ａｎｄ　their colleagues studied 45 newborn babies in the first days of their lives. They exposed all the infants to an hour of Finnish vowel sounds one that sounds like "oo"; another like "ee" ａｎｄ　the third boundary vowel peculiar to Finnish ａｎｄ　similar languages that sounds like something in between. EEG (脑电图) recording of the infants brains before ａｎｄ　after the session showed that the newborns could not distinguish the sounds. Fifteen of the babies then went back with their mothers, where the rest were split into two sleep-study groups. Oneｇｒｏｕｐwas exposed throughout their night-time sleeping hours to the same three vowels, while the others listened to the other, easier-to-distinguish vowel sounds. When tested in the morning, ａｎｄ　again in the evening, the babies who\'d heard the tricky boundary vowels all night showed brainwave activity indicating that they could now recognize this sound. They could identify the sound even when its pitch was changed, while none of the other babies could pick up the boundary vowel at all. Cheour doesn\'t know how babies accomplish this nighttime learning, but she suspects that the special ability might indicate that unlike adults, babies don\'t "turn off" their cerebral cortex (大脑皮层) while they sleep: The skill probably fades in the course of the first years of life, she adds so forget the idea that you can pick up the tricky French vowels as an adult just by slipping a language tape under your pillow. But while it may not help grown-ups, Cheour is hoping to use the sleeping hours to give remedial help to babies who are genetically at risk of language disorders. Babies can learn language even in their sleep. 【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确答案:A

答案解析:选A的依据是第2段最后一句。