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2024年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道,附答案解析,供您考前自测提升!
1、ExerciseWhether ornot exercise adds to the length of life, it is common experience that a certain amount of regular exercise improves the health and contributes a feeling of well-being. Furthermore, exercise which involves play and recreation, and relieves nervous tension and mental fatigue in so doing, is not only pleasant but beneficial.How much and what kind of exercise one should ____ merits careful consideration. The growing child and the normal young man and young woman thrill with the exhilaration of strenuous sports. They fatigue to the point of exhaustion but recover promptly with a period of rest. But not so with those of middle age and beyond. Forthem moderation is of vital importance. Just how much exercise a person of a given age can safely take is a question hard to answer. Individual variability is too great to permit of generalization. A game of tennis may be perfectly safe forone person of forty but folly foranother. The safe limitforexercise depends on the condition of the heart, the condition of the muscles, the type of exercise, and the regularity with which it is taken. Two general suggestions, however, will serve as sound advice foranyone. The first is that the condition of the heart and general health should be determined periodically by careful, thorough physical examinations. The other is that exercise should be kept below the point of physical exhaustion.What type of exercise one should choose depends upon one\'s physical condition. Young people can safely enjoy vigorous competitive sports, but most older persons do bet ter to limitthemselves to less strenuous activities. Walking, swimming, skating are among the sports that one can enjoy and safely participate in throughout life. Regularity is important if one is to get the most enjoyment and benefit out of exercise.【单选题】
A.carry
B.make
C.bring
D.take
正确答案:D
答案解析:从语法上分析,“one?should+动词”应该是前面那个主语的定语从句,只是定语从句的宾语which/that被省略了,而四个选项中只有take可与exercise搭配,故D为正确答案。
2、The Ideal HusbandScience now might be able to explain women\'s fascination with Brad Pitt\'s face and George Clooney\'s eyes. Women seem to judge potential mate by how masculine their features are, new research shows. Men with square jaws and well-defined brow ridges are seen as good short-term partners, while those with more feminine traits such as a rounder face and fuller lips are perceived as better long-term mates.In the study by Daniel Kruger at the US\'s University of Michigan, 854 subjects viewed a series of male head shots that had been digitally changed to exaggerate orminimize masculine traits. They then . answered questions about how they expected the men in the photos to behave.Most participants said that those with more masculine features were likely to be risky, competitive, and more apt to fight, challenge bosses, cheat on spouses and put less effort into parenting. Those with more feminine faces were seen as good parents and husbands, hard workers and emotionally supportive mates.But, despite all the negative characteristics, when asked who they would choose fora short-term relationship, women selected the more masculine looking men. Brad and George, both chiseled jaws and well-defined brows, then would be good fora brief romance, not forsomething longer.The study was published in the December issue of the US journal Personal Relationships.Kruger said that from an evolutionary perspective, this makes sense. The key is testosterone, the hormone responsible forthe development of masculine facial features and other sexual characteristics. It has been found to affect the body\'s ability to fight disease: men with high levels of the hormone are typically strong and healthy- traits women want to pass on to their children.However, increased testosterone has also been linked to cheating and violence in relationships. So, these men might produce high quality offspring, but they don\'t always make great parents orfaithful mates, Kruger says.The scientific community have ____ skepticism toward physiognomy, which links facial characteristics to certain behavioral traits. But Kruger argues that the research is a valuable tool forunderstanding mating strategies. And, of course, forexplaining why Tony Leung and Takeshi Kanesshiro have millions of female fans. It might have to do with their genes. orsomething to do with ours.【单选题】
A.shown
B.told
C.stated
D.said
正确答案:A
答案解析:show:显出;tell: 告诉,state:陈述;say:说。除shown之外,told、stated或said填入后生成的句子都是错的。
3、Hurricanes1 Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names ware simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. But in 1953, female names were given because of the unpredictability factorof the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist nature of such named, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.2 Hurricanes and typhoons are the same things. If they form in the Atlantic, we call these strong storms hurricanes, from the West Indian word hurricane, meaning "big wind. " and if they are pacific storms, they are called typhoons from the Chinese taifun, meaning "great wind. " To be classified as a hurricane, the storm must have maximum winds of at least 75 mph. These storms are big, many hundreds of miles in diameter.3 Hurricanes get their power from water vaporas it gives out its stored-up energy. All water vaporgives out heat as it condenses from a gaseous state to a liquid state over fixed points on the equator. To make a hurricane, you must have extremely wet, warm air, the kind of air that can only be found in tropical regions.4 Scientists have determined that the heat given out in the process of water condensation can be as high as 95 billion kilowatts per hours. In just one day alone, the storm can produce more energy than many industrialized nations need in an entire year! The problem is that we don\'t know how to make such great energy work forus.5 Predicting the path of a hurricane is one of the most difficult tasks forforecasters, it moves at a typical speed of 15 mph. But not always. Some storms may race along at twice this speed, then suddenly stop and remain in the same location in the ocean forseveral days. It can be maddening if you live in a coastal area that may be hit.6 The biggest advance in early detection is continuous watch from weather satellites. With these, we can see the storms form and track them fully, from birth to death. While they can still kill people and destroy property, hurricanes will never surprise any nation again.Paragraph 4____【单选题】
A.A Short History of Naming Hurricanes
B.Harnessing the Hurricane Energy
C.Difficulty in Forecasting the Course of a Hurricane
D.Huge Energy Stored in a Hurricane
E.Forecast a Hurricane Through Satellite Watching
F.No Much Difference Between Hurricane and Typhoon
正确答案:D
答案解析:每一次发生的飓风中蕴涵着巨大的能量。本段中还列出具体的数字。
4、As he is going to work in Holland fortwo years, he will be parted from his two children.【单选题】
A.stayed
B.separated
C.far
D.worked
正确答案:B
答案解析:part在此句中的意思和separate相同,表示“分开”;stay:住、逗留;far:远的,be far from是远离的意思;work:工作。
5、College Night Owls Have Lower GradesCollege students who are morning people tend to get better grades than those who are night owls(晚睡的人), according to University of North Texas researchers.They had 824 undergraduate(大学本科生的) students complete a health survey that in cluded questions about sleep habits and daytime functioning, and found that students who are morning people had higher grade point averages(GPAs) than those who are night people."The finding that college students who are evening types have lower GPAs is a very important finding, sure to make its way into undergraduate psychology texts in the near future, along with the research showing that memory is improved by sleep," study co - authorDaniet J. Taylorsaid in a prepared statement."Further, these results suggest that it might be possible to improve academic performance by using chronotherapy (时间疗法) to help students retrain their biological clock to become more morning types," Taylorsaid.The research was expected to be presented Monday at SLEEP, the annual meeting of the Associated Professional (专业的) Sleep Societies, in Baltimore.In other findings expected to be heard at the meeting, University of Colorado researchers found a significant association between insomnia (失眠) and a decline in college students\' academic performance.The study included 64 psychology, nursing and medical students, average age 27. 4 years, who were divided into two groups—low GPAs and high GPAs.Among those with low GPAs,69.7 percent had trouble falling asleep,53.1 percent experienced leg kicks ortwitches (痉挛) at night, 65.6 percent reported waking at night and having trouble falling back to sleep, and 72.7 percent had difficulty concentrating during the day."In college students, the complaint of difficulty concentrating during the day continues to have a considerable impact on their ability to succeed in the classroom," study authorDr. James F. Pagel said in a prepared statement. "This study showed that disordered sleep has significant harmful effects on a student\'s academic performance, including GPAs."According to Dr. Pagel, the academic performance of a student will be affected ______.【单选题】
A.if he orshe is not motivated
B.if he orshe is troubled by disordered sleep
C.if he orshe is a morning type
D.if he orshe is a lazy person
正确答案:B
答案解析:本题难度不大,答案依据比较明显,答案依据是文章最后一段最后一句,谈到睡眠紊乱对学生学术能力的副作用很大,包括考试成绩,回来看选项,B项和原文句意相符,是答案。
6、Flu doesScratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to tell if the cause is a cold orflu may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.The American Lung Association (ALA) has issued new guidelines on combating colds and the flu, and one of the keys is being able to quickly tell the two apart. That\'s because the prescription drugs available forthe flu need to be taken soon after the illness sets in. As forcolds, the sooner a person starts taking over-the-counter remedy, the sooner relief will come.The common cold and the flu are both caused by viruses. More than 200 viruses can cause cold symptoms, while the flu is caused by three viruses-flu A, B and C. There is no cure foreither illness, but the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine (疫苗), which is, formost people, the best way to fight the flu, according to the ALA.But if the flu does strike, quick action can help. Although the flu and common cold have many similarities, there are some obvious signs to look for.Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and adults and teens often do not get a fever. On the other hand, fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu forall ages. and in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms.The ALA notes that it may be particularly difficult to tell when infants and preschool age children have the flu. It advises parents to call the doctorif their small children have flu-like symptoms.Both cold and flu symptoms can be eased with over-the-counter medications as well. However, children and teens with a cold orflu should not take aspirin forpain relief because of the risk of Reye syndrome (综合症), a rare but serious condition of the liver and central nervous system.There is, of course, no vaccine forthe common cold but frequent hand washing and avoiding close contact with people who have colds can reduce the likelihood of catching one.If children have flu-like symptoms, their parents ____.【单选题】
A.are advised not to give them aspirin
B.should watch out forsigns of Reye syndrome
C.are encouraged to take them to hospital forvaccination
D.should prevent them from mixing with people running a fever
正确答案:A
答案解析:第七段第二句直接指明了:儿童和十多岁的孩子不能服用阿司匹林来缓解伤风流感带来的疼痛,因为这有可能导致Reye综合症,会使肝脏和中枢神经系统处于少见的严重状态。
7、Human Heart Can Make New CellsSolving a longstanding (为时甚久的) mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues to generate new cardiac(心脏的 ) cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.The finding, published in the April 3 issue of Science, could open a new path forthe treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure and heart attack, experts say."We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes (心肌细胞), are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen, a professorof stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. "It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we are born with orif they could be renewed," he said.The process of renewing these cells changes over time, Frisen added. In a 20 - year - old, about I percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year, but the turnover (更替) rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75."If we can understand how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated, it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals (药物) that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after, forexample, a heart attack," Frisen said.That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts."A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure," noted co - authorDr. Ratan Bhardwaj, also from the Karolinska Institute. "Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said.With this finding, scientists are "opening the doorto potential therapies (疗法) to having ourselves heal ourselves." Bhardwaj said. "Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new and more cells to overcome the problem they are facing. "But barriers remain. According to Bhardwaj, scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off, especially in older patients with heart failure. In addition, the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts-whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.Chronic heart failure is attributed to ______.【单选题】
A.the dying heart cells
B.the effect of pharmaceuticals
C.the weight of the patient
D.the life span of a person
正确答案:A
答案解析:本题难度不大,答案依据比较明显。带着题干信息词回文章定位,答案依据是文章第七段最后一句,谈到慢性心脏衰竭是由心肌细胞的死亡引起的,回来看选项,A项和原文句意相符,是答案。
8、In fact, she did not even get through the first round of this speech contest.【单选题】
A.pass
B.finish
C.take part in
D.enter for
正确答案:A
答案解析:get through和pass都可以表示“通过、经过”;finish:完成、结束;take part in:参加、参与;enter for:报名参加。
9、The traditional paintings are exhibited on the second floor.【单选题】
A.laid
B.displayed
C.kept
D.stored
正确答案:B
答案解析:传统油画在二楼展览。本题难度不大,考察的是基本意义,干扰项干扰不大,exhibit和display都有“展览”的意思,是近义词,其他选项都是常用词汇,和答案意义差异大,最佳答案是B。
10、They say Ireland\'s the BestIreland is the best place in the world to live in for2005, according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britain\'s Economist magazine last week.The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only measure of human satisfaction and well-being.The index of 111 countries uses data on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, gender equality as well as what the magazine calls "freedom, family and community life".Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion (拥挤), gender inequality, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of 10.That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8.07. Zimbabwe, troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest (最差的) , picking up only 3.89 points."Although rising incomes and increased individual choices are highly valued, " the report said, "some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact."Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as stable family and community life. "The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do, and that its findings would have their critics.No. 2 on the list is Switzerland. The other nations in the top 10 are Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden, Australia, Iceland, Italy, Denmark and Spain.The UK is positioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower half the league at 60th.Cost of living in Ireland is pretty high.【单选题】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案:A
答案解析:问题句说“爱尔兰的生活费用高”。题干的核心短语和修饰结构都出现在这个句子中,判断这个句子很可能就是直接答案相关句。该句说“尽管气候恶劣,健康机构混乱,交通拥挤,性别歧视仍然存在,生活费用高,爱尔兰所获得的分数仍然给人留下了深刻的印象:满分为十分,爱尔兰获得了8. 33分”。根据这个句子的内容可以知道“爱尔兰的生活费用高”,问题句的说法与原文的说法一致。
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