2020年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理补全短文分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、Some Unusual Celebrations
Some holidays are well - known all around the world. Among them are New Year's Eve celebrations. Also common are days in honor of love and friendship, like Valentine's Day. Each country has its own special holidays too, often to mark important events in its history. Schools, banks and government offices all close on days like these. _____ A few of them are really very strange.
Of course, they are not strange to the people who celebrate them. Perhaps that is because the celebrations have long traditions. Consider April Fool's Day, for example. No one knows when or why it began. Today it is celebrated in many countries—France, England and Australia, among others. On this day, people play practical jokes. Jokes are supposed to be funny, but these jokes do not make everyone laugh. The ones who laugh are the ones playing the jokes. The people they fool often get angry. Does celebrating this day make sense to you?
Dyngus Day in Poland seems strange too. On this day, it is traditional for boys to pour water over the heads of girls. Here is the strangest part, they do it to girls they like.
Other unusual celebrations take place in a single city or town. A holiday called La Tomatina is celebrated in Bunol, Spain. Every year, in late August, big trucks carry more than 200,000 pounds of tomatoes into this little town. Then begins the world-s biggest food fight. For two hours, people in the streets throw tomatoes at each other. Everyone ends up red from head to toe.
August 10 marks the start of the Puck Fair, an Irish festival with a very unusual tradition. People from the town of Killorglin go up into the mountains and catch a wild goat. They bring him back to town, put a crown on his head, and make him king for three days.
There are also some celebrations that are really strange. In the United States, sometimes one person gets an idea for a new holiday and tries to get others to accept it. Whose idea was Public Sleeping Day? That one is on February 28. It may seem strange, but it sounds like more fun than the one on February 29. That is supposed to be Toothache Day.
Do you like the idea of inventing a new holiday? If you do, then you will want to mark March 26 on your calendar. That is Make Up Your Own Holiday Day.
【单选题】

A.They bring him back to town, put a crown on his head, and make him king for three days.

B.Some of the days people celebrate, however, are less serious.

C.That is supposed to be Toothache Day.

D.Then begins the world-s biggest food fight.

E.Some people have fun imagining new holidays.

F.Jokes are supposed to be funny, but these jokes do not make everyone laugh.

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度，但因为各个选项差异较大，还是比较容易确定答案，可采用代入法，可以发现B代入原文中，最符合上下文逻辑，是答案。

1、Dung to Death
Fields across Europe are contaminated with dangerous levels of the antibiotics given to farm animals. The drugs, which are in manure sprayed onto fields as fertilizers, could be getting into our food and water, helping to create a new generation of antibiotic-resistant "superbugs".
The warning comes from a researcher in Switzerland who looked at levels of the drugs in farm slurry His findings are particularly shocking because Switzerland is one of the few countries to have banned antibiotics as growth promoters in animal dead.
Some 20,000 tons of antibiotics are used in the European Union and the US each year. More than half are given to farm-animals to prevent disease and promote growth. But recent research has found a direct link between the increased use of these farmyard drugs and the appearance of antibiotic-resistant bugs that infect people.
Most researchers assumed that humans become infected with the resistant strains by eating contaminated meat. But far more of the drugs end. up in manure than in meat products, says Stephen Mueller of the Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology in Dubendorf. And manure contains especiaily high levels of bugs that are resistant to antibiotics he says.
With millions of tons of animals manure spread onto fields of crops such as wheat and barley each year, this pathway seems an equally likely route for spreading resistance, he said. The drugs contaminate the crops, which are then eaten. ______
Mueller is particularly concerned about a group of antibiotics called sulphonamides. They do not easily degrade or dissolve in water. His analysis found that Swiss farm manure contains a high percentage of sulphonamides; each hectare of field could be contaminated with up to 1 kilogram of the drugs. This concentration is high enough to trigger the development of resistance among bacteria. But vets are not treating the issue seriously.
There is growing concern at the extent to which drugs, including antibiotics, are polluting the environment. Many drugs given to humans are also excreted unchanged and are not broken down by conventional sewage treatment.
【单选题】

A.They do not easily degrade or dissolve in water.

B.And manure contains especiaily high levels of bugs that are resistant to antibiotics he says.

C.Animal antibiotics is still an area to which insufficient attention has been paid

D.But recent research has found a direct link between the increased use of these farmyard drugs and the appearance of antibiotic-resistant bugs that infect people.

E.His findings are particularly shocking because Switzerland is one of the few countries to have banned antibiotics as growth promoters in animal dead.

F.They could also be leaching into tap water pumped from rocks beneath fertilized fields.

正确答案:F

答案解析:选项F中的also 一词说明前面应讲到过一个类似的内容。这句讲的是这些药物可能从施过肥料的农田下面的岩石沥滤到自来水里去；前面一句讲的是受到这些药物污染的谷物被人食用，这两句讲的都是这些药物如何对人类造成威胁。

1、Houses of the Future
What will houses be like in thirty years' time? No one really knows, but architects are trying to predict. What will our home be like then?
Future houses will have to be flexible. In thirty years' time even more of us will be working from home. So we will have to be able to use areas of the house for work for part of the day and for living for the rest. Families grow and change with children arriving, growing up and leaving home. The house of the future will have to grow and change with the family. Nothing will be as fixed as it is now. The house will always be changing to meet changing needs.
Everyone agrees that in thirty years' time we will be living in "intelligent" houses. We will be able to talk to our kitchen machines and discuss with them what to do. Like this, "We'll be having a party this weekend. What food shall we cook?" And the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy and how to cook it. We will be able to leave most of the cooking to the machines, just tasting things from time to time to check.
The house of the future will be personal, each house will be different. You will be able to change the color of the wall easily.You won't have to paint them-you'll be able to tell the wall to change the color! And if you don't like the color the next day, you will be able to have a new one. _____!
【单选题】

A.You will be able to change the color of the wall easily.

B.The only thing you won't be able to do is move the house somewhere else!

C.And the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy and how to cook it.

D.What will our home be like then?

E.The house of the future will have to grow and change with the family.

F.The kids might take their bedrooms with them as they leave.

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度，可用排除法和代入法。本题的上文谈到了你对房子颜色所能做的事情，本题是全段结尾，各种表述可能都有，所以可用排除法和代入法。A，C，D，E都被使用可排除，把B，F代入到文章里，可以确定B是正确答案。

1、Don't Rely on Plankton to Save the Planet
Encouraging plankton growth in the ocean has been touted by some as a promising way to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Its opponents fear that will damage the marine ecosystem, and now a computer model shows that the trick would also be remarkably inefficient.
Adding iron to patched of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily. The microscopic organisms suck up dissolved carbon dioxide from the water, which in turn is replaced by carbon dioxide from the air. As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.
Jorge Sarmiento from Princeton and his colleagues developed a complex computer model to analyze how factors such as ocean chemistry and water circulation would affect the process if 160,000 square kilometers of ocean were seeded with iron for a month. They found that 100 years later only between 2 and 13 percent of the extra carbon that was originally taken up plankton had actually been removed from the atmosphere.
In their scenario, which covers an area 10 times as big as the largest experiment of this kind ever proposed, fertilizing the ocean removes 1 million tons of carbon from the atmosphere just 0.2 percent of the carbon dioxide humankind spews out each month.
Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. ______ says Sallie Chisholm, an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology."But
the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming."
【单选题】

A.Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming.

B.Its opponents fear that will damage the marine ecosystem, and now a computer model shows that the trick would also be remarkably inefficient.

C.As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.

D.They found that 100 years later only between 2 and 14 percent of the extra carbon that was originally taken up plankton had actually been removed from the atmosphere.

E."These are newer and better models,"

F.Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming.

正确答案:E

答案解析:空白后句中的动词says暗示“引文”内容。考点：句子结构之间的逻辑关系。

1、Why Would They Falsely Confess?
Why on earth would an innocent person falsely confess to committing a crime? To most people, it just doesn't seem logical. But it is logical, say experts, if you understand what can happen in a police interrogation room.
Under the right conditions, people's minds are susceptible to influence, and the pressure put on suspects during police grilling is enormous. ______ "The pressure is important to understand, because otherwise it's impossible to understand why someone would say he did something he didn't do. The answer is: to put an end to an uncomfortable situation that will continue until he does confess."
Developmental psychologist Allison Redlich recently conducted a laboratory study to determine how likely people are to confess to things they didn't do. In her experiment, participants were seated at computers and told not to hit the "alt" key, because doing so would crash the systems. The researchers then intentionally crashed the computers and accused the participants of hitting the "alt" key to see if they would sign a statement falsely taking responsibility.
Redlich's findings clearly demonstrate how easy it can be to get people to falsely confess: 59 percent of the young adults in the experiment immediately confessed. Redlich also found that the younger the participant, the more likely a false confession. Of the 15-to 16-year-olds, 72 percent signed confessions, as did 78 percent of the 12-to 13-year-olds.
"There's no question that young people are more at risk," says Saul Kassin, a psychology professor at Williams College, who has done similar studies with similar results, "But adults are highly vulnerable too."
Both Kassin and Redlich note that the entire "interrogation" in their experiments consisted of a simple accusation-not hours of aggressive questioning-and still, most participants falsely confessed.
Because of the stress of a police interrogation, they conclude, suspects can become convinced that falsely confessing is the easiest way out of a bad situation. "In some ways," says Kassin, "false confession becomes a rational decision."
【单选题】

A.In her experiment, participants were seated at computers and told not to hit the "alt" key, because doing so would crash the systems.

B."In some ways," says Kassin, "false confession becomes a rational decision."

C."It's a little like somebody's working on them with a dental drill," says Franklin Zimring, a law professor at the University of California at Berkeley.

D."But adults are highly vulnerable too."

E.How could an innocent person admit to doing something he didn't do?

F.Redlich also found that the younger the participant, the more likely a false confession.

正确答案:C

答案解析:解答此题时要注意，空格后是一段引文，而空格前又没有引文，所以此空格处一定是引用了某人的话，因此答案只可能在B、C、D中。但D只是一句引用的话，并没有提及是谁说的，这不符常理，故排除。B虽然提到了Kassin，但没有对其身份进行说明，这也不符“第一次提到某人时要有说明”的习惯（实际上他出现在第五段），故排除B。因此只能选C，从内容上看也符合。