2023年职称英语考试《综合类》考试共65题，分为单选题。小编为您整理补全短文分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、How to Interview PeopleInterviewing (采访) is one of those skills that you can only get better at. You will never again feel so ill at ease when you try it fｏｒthe first time, ａｎｄ　probably you\'ll never feel entirely comfortable trying to get from another person answers that he ｏｒshe may be too shy to reveal. But at least half of the skill is mechanical. The rest is instinct, which can all be learned with experience.The basic tools fｏｒan interview are paper ａｎｄ　two ｏｒthree well-sharpened pencils. But keep your notebook ｏｒpaper out of sight until you need it. There\'s nothing less likely to relax a person than the arrival of someone with a note-taking pad. Both of you need time to get to know each other. Take a while just to chat, judging what sort of person you\'re dealing with, getting him ｏｒher to trust you.Never go into an interview without doing whatever homework you can. If you are interviewing a town official, know his voting record. If it\'s an actor, know what plays he has been in. You will not be liked if you inquire about facts that you could have learned in advance. Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions ａｎｄ　have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. ______ Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him. Most men ａｎｄ　women lead lives that are uninteresting, ａｎｄ　they grasp any chance to talk to an outsider who seems eager to listen.This doesn\'t necessarily mean that it will go well. In general you will be talking to people who have never been interviewed before, ａｎｄ　they will get used to the process awkwardly, perhaps not giving you anything that you can use. Come back another day; it will go better. You will both even begin to enjoy it-proof that you aren\'t forcing your victim to do something he doesn\'t really want to.【单选题】

A.Come back another day; it will go better.

B.But at least half of the skill is mechanical.

C.As one philosopher interviewed in the film notes, they lack irony.

D.You will not be liked if you inquire about facts that you could have learned in advance.

E.This fear is almost 103 percent unnecessary.

F.Both of you need time to get to know each other.

正确答案:E

答案解析:选项中this fear对应前一句中的afraid一词。

2、EducationWhen a teacher finds a way to make a real difference in the students\' lives that\'s what education is all about. Let me tell you a story. Back in 1944 we had a new student named Roger, he was the first black student in our school, ａｎｄ　everyone had some pretty ignorant views on the subject of black people . The other kids weren\'t bad children; they were just copying their parents, ａｎｄ　well, I\'m afraid most of their parents had some pretty ignorant views on the subject of black people . But as you know, when you\'re twelve years old, you\'re just starting to have your own opinions about things, ａｎｄ　I knew this could be a very important moment in their education. I knew I could make a real difference, ____ , but to all the other kids, too, if just handled it the right way.I decided I had to try to make Roger into someone special. Not like a teacher\'s pet, I wanted the other children to start seeing him as a human being , not just a dark shape in the back of the room. So I went after him with questions in every class. He was a bright little boy, so it was easy enough fｏｒme to establish him as a smart person with real value. I was pretty pleased, because I could see Roger becoming more confident, ａｎｄ　although the other kids were still not very friendly, at least they stopped being so nasty to him.But you know what really changed everything? One day I could see Roger\'s mind was wandering: ａｎｄ　without thinking I threw an eraser in his direction. I only meant to get his attention, but the eraser hit his hａｎｄ　ａｎｄ　sent his pencil flying. The whole class roared! ａｎｄ　afterwards, of course, all the kids went up to Roger to laugh with him about it . That\'s how he became an individual, someone special, to talk to ａｎｄ　make friends with ａｎｄ　that\'s how I became "Dead - Eye Bean".【单选题】

A.was giving him a hard time

B.had some pretty ignorant views on the subject of black people

C.while they were enjoying the same class

D.not only to little Roger

E.start seeing him as a human being

F.all the kids went up to Roger to laugh with him about it

正确答案:D

答案解析:空格的后面是“but to all the other kids，too”，这应该是一个not only. . . but (also)的句型。老师认为如果他能以正确的方法解决这个问题，不仅对Roger，而且对其他的黑人孩子也非常重要。因此答案是D。

3、Some Unusual CelebrationsSome holidays are well - known all around the world. Among them are New Year\'s Eve Celebrations. Also days are common in honｏｒof love ａｎｄ　friendship, like Valentine\'s Day. Each country has its own special holidays too, to mark important events in its history. Schools, banks, ａｎｄ　government offices all close on days like these. Some of the days people celebrate, however, are less serious. A few of them are really very strange.Of course, they are not strange to the people who celebrate them. Perhaps that is because the celebrations have long traditions. Consider April Fool\'s Day, fｏｒexample. No one knows when ｏｒwhy it began. Today it is celebrated in many countries－France, England, ａｎｄ　Australia, etc. On this day, people play practical jokes. Jokes are supposed to be funny, but these jokes do not make everyone laugh. The ones who laugh are the ones playing the jokes. The people they fool often get angry. Does celebrating this day make sense to you?Dyngus Day in Polａｎｄ　seems strange, too. On this day, it is traditional fｏｒboys to pour water over the heads of girls. Here is the strangest part: they do it to girls they like.Other unusual celebrations take place in a single city ｏｒtown. A holiday called La Tomatina is celebrated in Bunol, Spain. Every year, in late August, big trucks carry more than 200,000 pounds of tomatoes into this little town. ____ Fｏｒtwo hours, people in the streets throw tomatoes at each other. Everyone ends up red from head to toe.August 10 marks the start of the Puck Fair, an Irish festival with a very unusual tradition. People from the town of Killorglin go up into the mountains ａｎｄ　catch a wild goat. They bring him back to town, put a crown on his head, ａｎｄ　make him king fｏｒthree days.There are also some celebrations that are really strange. In the United States, sometimes one person gets an idea fｏｒa new holiday ａｎｄ　tries to get others to accept it. Whose idea was Public Sleeping Day? That one is on February 28. It may seem strange, but it sounds like more fun than the one on February 9. That is supposed to be Toothache Day.Do you like the idea of inventing a new holiday? If you do, then you will want to mark March 26 on your calendar. That is Make Up Your Own Holiday Day.【单选题】

A.They bring him back to town, put a crown on his head, ａｎｄ　make him king fｏｒthree days.

B.Some of the days people celebrate, however, are less serious.

C.That is supposed to be Toothache Day.

D.Then begins the world\'s biggest food fight.

E.Some people have fun imagining new holidays.

F.Jokes are supposed to be funny, but these jokes do not make everyone laugh.

正确答案:D

答案解析:本段提到了西红柿节，与食物有关，只有提到了食物，把D代入到原文中。符合上下文逻辑，是答案。

4、Ants as a Barometer of Ecological ChangeAt picnics, ants are pests. But they have their uses. In industries such as training, farming ａｎｄ　forestry, they can help gauge the health of the environment by just crawling around ａｎｄ　being antsy.It has been recognized fｏｒdecades that ants-which are highly sensitive to ecological change can provide a near-perfect barometer of the state of an ecosystem. Only certain species, fｏｒinstance, will continue to thrive at a forest site that has been cleared of trees. Others will die out fｏｒlack of food. ａｎｄ　still others will move in ａｎｄ　take up residence.By looking at which species populate a deforested area, scientists can determine how "stressed" the lａｎｄ　is. They do this by sorting the ants, counting their numbers ａｎｄ　comparing the results with those of earlier surveys. Ants are used simply because they are so common ａｎｄ　comprise so many species.Where mine sites are being restored, fｏｒexample, some ant species will recognize the stripped lａｎｄ　more quickly than others. This allowed scientists to gauge the pace ａｎｄ　progress of the ecological recovery. Australian mining company Capricorn Coal Management has been successfully using ant surveys fｏｒyears to determine the rate of recovery of lａｎｄ　that it is replanting near its German Creek mine in Queensland.Ant surveys also have been used with mine-site recovery projects in Africa ａｎｄ　Brazil, where warm climates encourage dense ａｎｄ　diverse ant populations. "We found it worked extremely well there," says Jonathan Majer, a professｏｒof environmental biology. Yet the surveys are perfectly suited to climates throughout Asia, he says, because ants are so common throughout the region. As Majer puts it: "That\'s the great thing about ants. "Ant surveys are so highly-regarded as ecological indicators that governments worldwide accept their results when assessing the environmental impact of mining ａｎｄ　tree harvesting. ______.Why not? Because many companies can\'t afford the expense ｏｒthe laboratory time needed to sift results fｏｒa comprehensive survey. The cost stems, also, from the scarcity of ant specialists. Employing those people are expensive. 【单选题】

A.This allowed scientists to gauge the pace ａｎｄ　progress of the ecological recovery.

B.Yet in other businesses, such as farming ａｎｄ　property development, ant surveys aren\'t used widely.

C.Employing those people are expensive.

D.They do this by sorting the ants, counting their numbers ａｎｄ　comparing the results with those of earlier surveys.

E.The evolution of ant species may have a strong impact on our ecosystem.

F.Others will die out fｏｒlack of food.

正确答案:B

答案解析:选项B中的关键词other businesses、farming、property提示，选项B的句子是前面句子的后续句，因为前面句子有mining、tree harvesting，也是businesses。蚂蚁分析法已被 mining和tree harvesting等行业广泛接受，但在farming和property行业中的应用还不普遍。

5、Houses of the FutureWhat will houses be like after thirty years? No one really knows, but architects are trying to predict. What will our home be like then?Future houses will have to be flexible. some of us will be working from home. So we will have to be able to use areas of the house fｏｒwork fｏｒpart of the day ａｎｄ　fｏｒliving fｏｒthe rest. Families grow ａｎｄ　change with children arriving, growing up ａｎｄ　leaving home. The house of the future will have to grow ａｎｄ　change with the family. Nothing will be as fixed as it is now. The house will always be changing to meet changing needs.Everyone agrees that after 30 years we will be living in "intelligent" houses. We will be able to talk to our kitchen machines ａｎｄ　discuss with them what to do. Like this: "We\'ll be having a party this weekend. What food shall we cook?" ａｎｄ　the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy ａｎｄ　how to cook it. We will be able to leave cooking to the machines, just tasting things from time to time to check.The house of the future will be personal ａｎｄ　each house will be different. You will be able to change the colｏｒof the wall easily. You won\'t have to paint them ａｎｄ　you\'ll be able to tell the wall to change the color! ａｎｄ　if you don\'t like the colｏｒtoday, you will be able to have a new one. ____【单选题】

A.You will be able to change the colｏｒof the wall easily.

B.The only thing you won\'t be able to do is move the house somewhere else!

C.ａｎｄ　the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy ａｎｄ　how to cook it.

D.What will our home be like then?

E.The house of the future will have to grow ａｎｄ　change with the family.

F.The kids might take their bedrooms with them as they leave.

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度，可用排除法和代入法。本题的上文谈到了你对房子颜色所能做的事情，本题是全段结尾，各种表述可能都有，所以可用排除法和代入法。A，C，D，E都被使用可排除，把B，F代入到文章里，可以确定B是正确答案。