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2023年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道,附答案解析,供您考前自测提升!
1、Parkinson\'s Disease1. Parkinson\'s disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine(多巴胺). Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson\'s, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to.2. No one knows forsure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look forthe answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson\'s disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited.3. Tremor(颤抖) may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. Tremoroften starts in just one arm orleg oronly on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm orleg. It may get better when you move the limb oryou are asleep. In time, Parkinson\'s affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing orconstipation(便秘) . In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinson\'s may have a fixed orblank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills.4. At this time, there is no cure forParkinson\'s disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You may not even need treatment if your symptoms are not obvious. Your doctormay wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctorwill adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results.Paragraph 4 ______【单选题】
A.Tips forPatients with the Disease
B.Common Treatment forthe Disease
C.Means of Diagnosis of the Disease
D.Typical Symptoms of the Disease
E.Possible Causes of the Disease
F.Definition of Parkinson\'s Disease
正确答案:B
答案解析:本题有一定难度,没有明显的段落主旨句,需要较强的归纳概括能力。通读第四段可以发现,第四段主要讨论了帕金森病现在还不能彻底治愈,但有一些现行治疗方法等,回来看选项,B项Common Treatment forthe Disease,帕金森病的普遍治疗方法,简单概括了本段主要意思,是答案。
2、Happy Marriage, Happy HeartHappily married people have lower blood pressure than unhappily married people orsingles, a Brigham Young University study says.On the other hand, even having a supportive social network did not translate into a blood pressure benefit forsingles orunhappily married people, according to the study."There seems to be some unique health benefits from marriage. It\'s not just being named that benefits health-what\'s really the most protective of health is having a happy marriage," study authorJulianne Holt Lunstad, a psychologist who specializes in relationships and health, said in a prepared statement.The study included 204 married and 99 single adults who wore portable blood - pressure monitors for24 hours. The monitors recorded blood pressure at random intervals and provided a total of about 72 readings."We wanted to capture participants\' blood pressure doing whatever they normally do in everyday life. Getting one ortwo readings in a clinic is not really representative of the fluctuations (波动) that occur throughout the day," Holt Lunstad said.Overall, happily married people scored four points ____ on the blood pressure readings than single adults. The study also found that blood pressure among married people, especially those in happy marriages dropped more during sleep than in single people."Research has shown that people whose blood pressure remains high throughout the night are at much greater risk of heart disease than people whose blood pressure drops," Holt Lunstad said.The study was published in the March 20 issue of the journal Annals (年刊) of Behavioral Medicine.The study also found that unhappily married adults have higher blood pressure than both happily married and single adults.Holt Lunstad noted that married couples can encourage healthy habits in one another, such as eating a healthy diet and having regular doctorvisits. People in happy marriages also have a source of emotional support, she said. 【单选题】
A.most
B.lower
C.higher
D.least
正确答案:B
答案解析:本题难度不大,考查词义辨析。后面出现了than,很明显,文章此处是说“婚姻幸福的成年人比未婚的成年人血压低4个读数”,答案是B。
3、A Tale of Scottish Rural LifeLewis Grassic Gibbon\'s SunsetSong (1932) was voted "the best Scottish novel of all time" by Scottish\'s reading public in 2005. Once considered shocking forits frank description of aspects of the lives of Scotland\'s poorrural farmers, it has been adapted forstage, film, TV and radio in recent decades.The novel is seton the fictional estate of Kinraddie, in the farming country of the Scottish northwest in the years up to and beyond World War I. At its heart is the story of Chris, who is both part of the community and a little outside it.Grassic Gibbon gives us the most detailed and intimate account of the life of his heroine. We watch her grow through a childhood dominated by her cruel but hard-working father; experience tragedy (her mother\'s suicide and murder of her twin children); and learn about her feelings as she grows into woman. We see her marry, lose her husband, then marry again. Chris has seemed so convincing a figure to some female readers that they cannot believe that she is the creation of a man.But it would be misleading to suggest that this book is just about Chris. It is truly a novel of a place and its people. Its opening section tells of Kinraddie\'s long history, in a language that imitates the place\'s changing patterns of speech and writing.The story itself is amazingly full of characters and incidents. It is told from Chris\' point of view but also from that of the gossiping community, a community where everybody knows everybody else\'s business and nothing is ever forgotten.SunsetSong has a social theme too. It is concerned with what Grassic Gibbon perceives as the destruction of traditional Scottish rural life first by modernization and then by World War I. Gibbon tried hard to show how certain characters resist the war. Despite this, the war takes the young men away, a number of them to their deaths. In particular, it takes away Chris\' husband, Ewan Tavendale. The war finally kills Ewan, but not in the way his widow is told In fact, the Germans aren\'t responsible forhis death, but his own side. He is shot because he is said to have run away from a battle.If the novel is about the end of one way of life it also looks ahead, it is a "SunsetSong" but is concerned too with the new Kinraddie, indeed of the new European world Grassic Gibbon went on to publish two other novels about the place that continue its story.Who are responsible forEvan\'s death, according to Chris?【单选题】
A.The Germans.
B.The French army.
C.The British troops.
D.The Russian soldiers.
正确答案:A
答案解析:A:德国人;B:法国军队;C:英国部队;D:俄罗斯士兵。B是正确的。倒数第二段有这么两句话: 战争最后杀死了Ewan,但不是他的寡妇说的那样。事实上,德国人没有杀他,是他自己一边的人杀的。
4、On Sunday afternoons, we always stroll along the river bank, chatting and laughing.【单选题】
A.walk
B.run
C.sit
D.play
正确答案:A
答案解析:stroll:漫步,和walk(步行、走路)意思相近;run:跑、运转;sit:(使)坐;play:玩耍。
5、Surprised by a MiracleI had been working in the trauma unit at a local hospital forabout a year. You get used to families thinking that a "coma" patient is moving their hand ordoing something that they were asked to do. "Following commands" is what we call it. Often it\'s "wishful thinking" on the Families\' part. Nurses can easily become callous to it.On this particular night during visiting hours, my patient\'s wife came in. I had taken care of him forseveral nights. I was very familiar with his care and what he was able to do. Actually, he didn\'t do anything. He barely moved at all, even when something would obviously hurt him, such as suctioning.His wife was very short, about 5 feet tall. She had to stand on a stool to lean over him, so that she could see his face and talk to him. She climbed up on the stool. I spoke to her fora few minutes, and then stepped out to tend to my other patient. A few minutes later, she came running out of the room. In an excited voice, she said, "Donna, he\'s moving his hand!"I immediately thought that it was probably her imagination, and that he had not actually done it on purpose. He had been there about a month at the time and had never made any movements on purpose. I asked her what had happened and she said, "I asked him to squeeze my hand and he did!"This led me to another train of questioning. "But, did he let go when you asked him to?" She said yes, that he had done exactly what she asked.I went into the room with her, not really believing that I would see anything different than I had always seen. But I decided that it would be better to pacify her than to make her think I didn\'t believe her orthat she was somehow mistaken.She asked him to squeeze her hand, which he did. I said, "Well, ask him to let go. " He continued to squeeze fora moment, so that when he finally did let go, I really still didn\'t believe that he had done it on purpose. So, I said, "Ask him to hold up one finger. " He did as asked.Well, hmm, this was starting to get my attention. I looked at him, his face still somewhat swollen and his eyes still closed. "Stick out your tongue!" I said. He did it. I almost fell on the floor. It was the first time I had ever seen anyone "wake up. "The author"almost fell on the floor" because ____.【单选题】
A.she could hardly believe her eyes
B.she had been working too hard
C.she had been deceived
D.she had been tripped
正确答案:A
答案解析:从上下文不难看出,作者之所以差点摔倒是因为她简直难以相信自己的眼睛,之前她还从未见过昏迷病人醒过来。
6、15 Million Americans Suffer from Social Anxiety DisorderSocial anxiety disorcerprevents some 15 million Americans from leading normal social and romantic lives, a new survey finds.The disorcerleaves many isolated, ashamed and often misdiagnosed. Thirty-six percent of those with social anxiety disorcerhave symptoms for10 years ormore before seeking help, the Anxiety Disorders Association of America reports."Social anxiety disorceris when somebody has an intense, persistent and irrational fear of social orperformance situations," Jerilyn Ross, the association\'s president and CEO, said during a teleconference Wednesday."The condition causes people to avoid common, everyday situations and even other people forfear of being judged orcriticized orhumiliated orembarrassing themselves," Ross said.Social anxiety disorcercan interfere with daily routines and job performance, Ross noted. "It also makes it very difficult forpeople to develop friends and romantic partnerships," she said.People with this disorcerrecognize their fear is excessive and irrational, Ross noted. "But they feel powerless to do anything about it," she said.Social anxiety disorcercan start in the early teens, Dr. Mark H. Pollack, directorof the Center forAnxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders and a professorof psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, said during the teleconference."This is a disorcerthat starts affecting people early on," Pollack said. "The typical age of onsetis early adolescence, age 12 or13, and many individuals report a history of anxiety dating back to earlier childhood."The disorceralso has physical symptoms, including heart palpitations, feelings that their throat will close up, sweating, blushing, faintness, trembling and stammering, Ross said.Among people with the disorder, 75 percent said the condition affected their ability to do normal activities. In addition, 69 percent said they didn\'t want people to think they were crazy, and 58 percent said they were embarrassed by their condition, Ross said.However, when the condition is diagnosed and treated, many reported improvement in their lives. In fact, 59 percent who were receiving treatment said treatment had a positive effect on their ability to have a romantic relationship. In addition, 39 percent who had received treatment said knowing that treatment can be successful aided their decision to get help, Ross noted.The symptoms of social anxiety disorcerinclude all the following EXCEPT ____.【单选题】
A.heart palpitations
B.sore throat
C.sweating
D.blushing
正确答案:B
答案解析:第一、三、四项在短文的倒数第三段中都有提及,第二项是错误的,因为短文说的是“一种嗓子被堵塞的感觉”,而不是sore throat,即“嗓子痛”。
7、Smallpox virusIt\'s now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction of the smallpox virus. The idea was to cap the glorious achievement of 1980, when smallpox was eradicated in the wild, by destroying the killer virus in the last two labs that are supposed to have it—one in the US and one in Russia. If smallpox had truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let go of such a potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials. and the last “official” stocks of live virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia, forno obvious gain.Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way fortests on new treatments and vaccines. So one again there\'s a good reason to keep the virus—just in ____ the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we deal with the mistrust of the US and Russia? Simple. Keep the virus under international auspices in a well-guarded UN laboratory that\'s open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it rejects a multilateral approach to just about everything. But it doesn\'t mean the idea is wrong. If the virus is useful, then let\'s make it the servant of all humanity—not just a part of it.【单选题】
A.need
B.case
C.necessity
D.time
正确答案:B
答案解析:in?case是固定用法,意思是“万一”。整个句子说的是:因此,又有了一个保存病毒的理由——万一这种病卷土重来。
8、Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics.【单选题】
A.simplicity
B.attraction
C.power
D.rigor
正确答案:B
答案解析:许多经济学家被数学的魅力所折服。本题有一定难度,考察的是引申意义,lure的引申意义指“魅力”,和attraction“吸引力”是近义词,simplicity指“简单”,power指“力量”,rigor指“严厉”,和答案意义差异很大,最佳答案是B。
9、Smallpox virusIt\'s now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction of the smallpox virus. The idea was to cap the glorious achievement of 1980, when smallpox was eradicated in the wild, by destroying the killer virus in the last two labs that are supposed to have it—one in the US and one in Russia. If smallpox had truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let go of such a potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials. and the last “official” stocks of live virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia, forno obvious gain.Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way fortests on new treatments and vaccines. So one again there\'s a good reason to keep the virus—just in case the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we ____ with the mistrust of the US and Russia? Simple. Keep the virus under international auspices in a well-guarded UN laboratory that\'s open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it rejects a multilateral approach to just about everything. But it doesn\'t mean the idea is wrong. If the virus is useful, then let\'s make it the servant of all humanity—not just a part of it.【单选题】
A.handle
B.tackle
C.deal
D.treat
正确答案:C
答案解析:此题考查固定搭配。deal?with:处理。故C为正确答案。
10、Nurse! I Want My MummyWhen a child is ill in hospital, a parent\'s first reaction is to be with them.Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep overnight with their child, providing a bed orsofa on the ward.But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon (不赞同) — it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children would be upsetwhen their parents left, and so there was a blanket (通用的) ban.A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study "Nurse, I want my mummy!" published in 1974, changed the face "paediatric (儿科的) nursing.Martin Johnson, a professorof nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care."Pamela\'s study was done against the background of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in hospital.""The idea was that if mum came to visita small child in hospital the child would be upsetand inconsolable (无法安慰的) forhours. ""Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. ""Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was ever coming back.""To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit.""But children were alone and depressed, so Hawthorn said parents should be allowed to visit."Dr. Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal (开创性的)."Her research put an end to the ____ when parents handed their children over to strangers at the doorof the hospital ward.""As a result of her work, parents are now recognized as partners in care and are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children while they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents\' and children\'s experience of care." 【单选题】
A.months
B.days
C.weeks
D.hours
正确答案:B
答案解析:本题难度不大,考查词义辨析,可以先看选项得到信息提示。文章此处是说“她的研究结束了家长在医院病房门口把孩子交给陌生人照顾的时代”,days指“时代,日子”,答案是B。
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