2023年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、A Star Is Born1 The VLT (Very Large Telescope) is the world\'s largest telescope ａｎｄ　is taking astronomers further back to the Big Bang than they ever thought possible. Located 2,600 meters up to the Chilean Andes, it has four huge mirrors, each about the size of a London bus. The VLT is so powerful it can spot a burning match 10, 000 kilometers away. 2 This astonishing power will allow astronomers to see events in space from the birth of stars to the collision of galaxies on the edge of the cosmos. The VLT is giving astronomers their best ever view of the cosmos. The power of the VLT to see the smallest detail at the furthest distances makes its designers amazed. 3 Take the case of Eta Carinae, one of the most explosive stars in the universe. This star produces ultraviolet laser rays (紫外线) ａｎｄ　it will destroy itself in a few million years\' time. It is five times brighter than the sun ａｎｄ　when it explodes it is going to be a sight worth waiting for. 4 But it is at distances of millions, even billions, of light years that the VLT really shows its power. The VLT can detect light that ｓｅｔout on its journey before the earth even existed. This gives astronomers their first ever detailed views of events that took place in the earliest days of the cosmos. 5 In other words, the VLT is a kind of a time machine. It takes astronomers back to a time when complete galaxies crashed into each other. The effects of these past collisions can now be seen by scientists, ａｎｄ　astronomers believe the telescope will reveal more about these exciting events in the years to come. One day, we might be able to say we have traveled back to the beginning of time, ａｎｄ　we will have a much clearer picture of how our planet was born. Paragraph 4____【单选题】

A.Events That Took place Before the Earth Existed

B.Power of the Telescope

C.Details of Eta Carinae

D.Invention of a Time Machine

E.Biggest Telescope

F.Ultraviolet Laser Rays

正确答案:A

答案解析:文章第4段的主要意思体现在最后一句话里，选项A体现了这句话的意思，故为正确答案。

2、A number of theories have been proposed to explain the situation.【单选题】

A.suggested

B.tested

C.used

D.announced

正确答案:A

答案解析:有多种理论被建议用来解释目前形势。本题难度不大，干扰项干扰性不大，propose和suggest都有“建议”的意思，最佳答案是A。

3、What Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe?What is the coldest air temperature ever recorded on the Earth? Where was this low temperature recorded? The coldest recorded temperature on Earth was - 91℃, which occurred in Antarctica (南极洲) in 1983.We encounter an interesting situation when we discuss temperatures in space.Temperatures in Earth orbit actually range from about +120℃ to - 120℃. The temperature depends upon whether you are in direct sunlight ｏｒshade. Obviously, -120℃ is colder than our body can safely endure. Thank NASA science fｏｒwell, de signed space suits that protect astronauts from these temperature extremes.The space temperatures just discussed affect only our areal of the solar system. Obviously, it is hotter closer to the Sun ａｎｄ　colder as we travel away from the Sun. Astronomers estimate temperatures at Pluto are about - 210℃. How cold is the lowest estimated temperature in the entire universe? Again, it depends upon your location. We are taught it is supposedly impossible to have a temperature below absolute zero, which is - 273℃, at which atoms do not move. Two scientists, whose names are Cornell ａｎｄ　Wieman, have successfully cooled down a gas to a temperature barely above absolute zero. They won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001 fｏｒtheir work, not a discovery, in this case.Why is the two scientists\' work so important to science?In the 1920s, Satyendra Nath Bose was studying an interesting theory about special light particles we now call photons (光子). Bose had trouble convincing other scientists to believe his theory, so he contacted Albert Einstein. Einstein\'s calculations helped him theorize that atoms would behave as Bose thought—but only at very cold temperatures.Scientists have also discovered that ultra - cold(超冷) atoms can help them make the world\'s atomic clocks even more accurate. These clocks are so accurate today they would only lose one second ______ six million years! Such accuracy will help us travel in space because distance is velocity times time 4 ( d = v×t). With the long distances involved in space travel, we need to know time as accurately as possible to get accurate distance.【单选题】

A.any

B.each

C.some

D.every

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题有一定难度，考查不定代词every的用法，干扰项有一定的干扰。根据上下文逻辑，文章此处是说“……每六百万年仅差一秒”，each后面不能跟复数名词，因此最佳答案是D。

4、A Great Quake Coming?Everyone lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the Bay Area ａｎｄ　they can devastate. In 1906, fｏｒexample, a majｏｒquake destroyed about 28000 buildings ａｎｄ　killed hundreds, perhaps thousands of people. Residents now wonder when will the next "Big One" strike. It\'s bound to happen someday. At least seven active fault(断层) lines run through the San Francisco area. Faults are places where pieces of Earth\'s crust (地壳) slide past each other. When these pieces slip, the ground shakes.To prepare fｏｒthat day, scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake ａｎｄ　predict how bad the damage might be when the next one happens.One new finding about the 1906 quake is that the San Andreas Fault split apart faster than scientists had assumed at the time. During small earthquakes, faults rupture(断裂) about 2.7 kilometers persecond. During bigger quakes, however, ruptures can happen faster than 3.5 kilometers persecond.At such high speeds, massive amounts of pressure build up, generating underground waves that can cause more damage than the quake itself. Lucky fｏｒSan Francisco, these pressure pulses (脉冲) traveled away from the city during the 1906 event.Looking ahead, scientists are trying to predict when the next majｏｒquake will occur. Records show that earthquakes were common before 1906. Since then, the area has been relatively quiet. Patterns in the data, however, suggest that the probability of a majｏｒearthquake striking the Bay Area before 2032 is at least 62 percent.New buildings in San Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakes. Still, more than 84 percent of the city\'s buildings are old ａｎｄ　weak. Analyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage.People who live there today tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty quiet fｏｒa while. According to the new research, however, it\'s not a matter that whether "the Big One" will hit here. It\'s just a matter of when.The highest speed of fault ruptures in the 1906 quake was more than 3,5 kilometers per second.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，找到答案依据不难。答案依据在第三段。第三段最后一句：During bigger quakes, however, ruptures can happen at rates faster than 3.5 kilometers per second.谈到在更大的地震中，断裂速度可以高于3.5千米每秒。所以本题正确，答案是A。

5、Don\'t Rely on Plankton to Save the PlanetEncouraging plankton growth in the ocean has been touted by some as a promising way to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Its opponents fear that will damage the marine ecosystem, ａｎｄ　now a computer model shows that the trick would also be remarkably inefficient.Adding iron to patched of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily. The microscopic organisms suck up dissolved carbon dioxide from the water, which in turn is replaced by carbon dioxide from the air. As plankton die ａｎｄ　settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.Jorge Sarmiento from Princeton ａｎｄ　his colleagues developed a complex computer model to analyze how factors such as ocean chemistry ａｎｄ　water circulation would affect the process if 160,000 square kilometers of ocean were seeded with iron fｏｒa month. They found that 100 years later only between 2 ａｎｄ　13 percent of the extra carbon that was originally taken up plankton had actually been removed from the atmosphere.In their scenario, which covers an area 10 times as big as the largest experiment of this kind ever proposed, fertilizing the ocean removes 1 million tons of carbon from the atmosphere just 0.2 percent of the carbon dioxide humankind spews out each month. Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results."These are newer ａｎｄ　better models," says Sallie Chisholm, an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology."Butthe take-home message is the same.______."【单选题】

A.Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming.

B.Its opponents fear that will damage the marine ecosystem, ａｎｄ　now a computer model shows that the trick would also be remarkably inefficient.

C.As plankton die ａｎｄ　settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.

D.They found that 100 years later only between 2 ａｎｄ　15 percent of the extra carbon that was originally taken up plankton had actually been removed from the atmosphere.

E."These are newer ａｎｄ　better models,"

F.Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming.

正确答案:F

答案解析:空白位置暗示该句句意的特点，往往是总结、概括句。对比剩下的选项A和F，选择F.考点：句子之间的逻辑发展。A根据all的习惯搭配：all＋指示代词，因此首先排除B（人称代词）。结合前句内容，空白处的代词应该指代前句中提到的“敏锐的眼睛和耳朵、反应迅速的大脑、手和大脑之间的协调”，因此应该选择指代复数的指示代词these。

6、The Book of LifeSo far, scientists have named about 1.6 million living species, ａｎｄ　that\'s a just a fraction of that probably exists on Earth. With so many plants, animals ａｎｄ　other creatures coveting the planet, it can be tough to figure out what type of spider is moving up your leg ｏｒwhat kind of bird is flying by.A soon - to - be - started Web site might help. An international team of researchers has announced the creation of Web - based Encyclopedia of life( EOL). The project aims to catalog every species on Earth in a single, easy - to - use reference guide.To get the encyclopedia started, the creators will use information from scientific ｄａｔａｂａｓｅs that already exist. ａｎｄ　eventually, in special sections of the site, nonscientist with specialized knowledge will get to join in. Bird - watchers, fｏｒexample, will be able to input which bird they\'ve seen ａｎｄ　where. The technology fｏｒthis kind of tool has only become available.As the EOL develops, you might find it useful fｏｒschool projects. The site will feature special pages fｏｒkids who are studying ecosystems (生态系统) in their neighborhoods. To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate, scientists will review much of the information added to it. People who visit the site will be able to choose to leave out pages that haven\'t been reviewed.Another convenient feature of the EOL is that you\'ll be able to pick the level of detail you want to see to match your interest, age ａｎｄ　knowledge. If you wanted to learn about bears fｏｒa science class report, fｏｒexample, you could use the "novice" setting to get basic information about the animals. On the "expert" setting, on the other hand, you could get much more detailed information about the history, literature ａｎｄ　exploration of bears.It now takes years fｏｒscientist to collect all the data they need to describe ａｎｄ　analyze species. The creatｏｒof the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed up that process."Spider" ａｎｄ　"bird" mentioned in Paragraph 1 are examples to illustrate ______.【单选题】

A.there are numerous living species on Earth

B.animals are people\'s friends

C.it is easy to see spiders ａｎｄ　birds

D.here are many types of spiders ａｎｄ　birds

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题有一定难度，带着题干信息词回文章定位，答案依据主要在文章第一段：So far, scientists have named about l.6 million living species, ...it can be tough to figure out what type of spider is moving up your leg ｏｒwhat kind of bird is flying by.谈到了地球物种数量巨大，回来看选项，A项和原文句意相近，是答案。

7、Stress Lessen CourseDoreen Sykora is now a juniｏｒat McGill University. She had a difficult time when she first began college. She said, "I was always well prepared fｏｒmy examinations. But I would go in to class to take the exam, ａｎｄ　I would fall apart. I could not answer the questions correctly-even though I knew the answers! I would just blank out because of nervousness ａｎｄ　fear". Histoshi Sakamoto, an anthropology student at Temple University in Tokyo reports similar experiences. These two young students were experiencing something called test anxiety. Because when a student worries ａｎｄ　is stressed about a test, his ｏｒher mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student cannot write ｏｒthink clearly because of the severe tension ａｎｄ　nervousness. Now there are special university courses to help students. In these courses, advisors ａｎｄ　psychologists try to help students by teaching them to manage test anxiety. Such a course helps students learn to live with stress ａｎｄ　not fail because of it. First students take a practice test to measure their worry level. If the tests show that their stress level is high, the students can take a short course to manage the fear. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. They get training to become calm in very tense situations. By controlling their nervousness, they can let their minds work more easily. Learned information then comes out without difficulty on a test. Doreen Sykora saw immediate results after taking such a course. She now has enthusiasm about the relaxation methods. "Mostly, what I do is imagine myself in a very calm place. Then I imagine myself picking up a pencil. I move slowly ａｎｄ　carefully. I breathe easily ａｎｄ　let all the tension out. With each breath, more worry leaves me. It really works too. My grades have improved greatly! I\'m really doing well at McGill now. This relaxation method works not only on examinations, but it has improved the rest of my life as well". FｏｒHistoshi in Tokyo, the results were much the same. He is enjoying school a lot more ａｎｄ　learning more. What is the similarity between Doreen Sykora ａｎｄ　Hitoshi Sakamoto?【单选题】

A.Students from the same university.

B.Failing in all the examinations.

C.Experiences of test anxiety.

D.Having the same poｏｒstudying habits.

正确答案:C

答案解析:第1段详细讲了Doreen Sykora畏惧考试的状态，在最后一句提到了Histoshi Sakamoto也有同样的经历。因此选C。

8、How to Interview PeopleInterviewing (采访) is one of those skills that you can only get better at. You will never again feel so ill at ease when you try it fｏｒthe first time, ａｎｄ　probably you\'ll never feel entirely comfortable trying to get from another person answers that he ｏｒshe may be too shy to reveal. ______ The rest is instinct, which can all be learned with experience.The basic tools fｏｒan interview are paper ａｎｄ　two ｏｒthree well-sharpened pencils. But keep your notebook ｏｒpaper out of sight until you need it. There\'s nothing less likely to relax a person than the arrival of someone with a note-taking pad. Both of you need time to get to know each other. Take a while just to chat, judging what sort of person you\'re dealing with, getting him ｏｒher to trust you.Never go into an interview without doing whatever homework you can. If you are interviewing a town official, know his voting record. If it\'s an actor, know what plays he has been in. You will not be liked if you inquire about facts that you could have learned in advance.Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions ａｎｄ　have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. This fear is almost 103 percent unnecessary. Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him. Most men ａｎｄ　women lead lives that are uninteresting, ａｎｄ　they grasp any chance to talk to an outsider who seems eager to listen.This doesn\'t necessarily mean that it will go well. In general you will be talking to people who have never been interviewed before, ａｎｄ　they will get used to the process awkwardly, perhaps not giving you anything that you can use. Come back another day; it will go better. You will both even begin to enjoy it-proof that you aren\'t forcing your victim to do something he doesn\'t really want to.【单选题】

A.Come back another day; it will go better.

B.But at least half of the skill is mechanical.

C.As one philosopher interviewed in the film notes, they lack irony.

D.You will not be liked if you inquire about facts that you could have learned in advance.

E.This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.

F.Both of you need time to get to know each other.

正确答案:B

答案解析:空句后面有“rest”，其余的就是直觉“instinct”，需要后天从经历中总结出来，所以空句毫无疑问讲的是另外一种情况，所以B就显而易见为正确答案了。

9、Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular RiskBreastfeeding can reduce the risk of a heart attack ｏｒstroke later in life ａｎｄ　could prevent hundreds of thousands of deaths each year, researchers said on Friday. Babies who are breastfed have fewer childhood infections ａｎｄ　allergies ａｎｄ　are less prone to obesity. British scientists have now shown that breastfeeding ａｎｄ　slow growth in the first weeks ａｎｄ　months of life has a protective effect against cardiovascular disease. "Diets that promote more rapid growth put babies at risk many years later in terms of raising their blood pressure, raising their cholesterol ａｎｄ　increasing their tendency to diabetes ａｎｄ　obesity-the ______ main risk factors fｏｒstroke ａｎｄ　heart attack." said ProfessｏｒAlan Lucas of the Institute of Child Health in London. "Our evidence suggests that the reason why breast-fed babies do better is because they grow more slowly in the early weeks."Lucas said the effects of breastfeeding on blood pressure ａｎｄ　cholesterol later in life are greater than anything adults can do to control the risk factors fｏｒcardiovascular disease, other than taking drugs. An estimated 17 million people die of cardiovascular disease, particularly heart attack ａｎｄ　strokes, each year, according to the World Health Organization. Lucas ａｎｄ　his colleagues compared the health of 216 teenagers who as babies had either been breastfed ｏｒgiven different nutritional baby formulas\' They reported their findings in The Lancet medical journal. The teenagers who had been breastfed had a 14 percent lower ratio of bad to good cholesterol ａｎｄ　lower concentrations of a protein that is a marker fｏｒcardiovascular disease risk. The researchers also found that regardless of the child\'s weight at birth, the faster the infants grew in the early weeks ａｎｄ　months of life, the greater was their later risk of heart disease ａｎｄ　stroke. The effect was the same fｏｒboth boys ａｎｄ　girls. "The more human milk you have in the newborn period, the lower your cholesterol level is, the lower your blood pressure is 16 years later, "Lucas said. 【单选题】

A.two

B.four

C.three

D.five

正确答案:B

答案解析:前句中先后提到了血压、胆固醇、糖尿病和肥胖，共计4项。

10、Walking to Exercise the BrainDo you think sitting ａｎｄ　studying all the time will improve students grades? Think again. Getting some exercise may help, too.New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didn\'t exercise.Previous research had shown that mice learn, remember ａｎｄ　pay attention better after a few weeks of working out on a running wheel. Mice that exercise have greater blood flow to the brain than those who don\'t. Their brain cells also make more connections.Neuroscientists (神经科学家) from the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign wanted to find out if the same thing is true fｏｒpeople. First, they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults, ages 58 to 77, after each person walked I mile. Then, participants looked at arrows on a computer screen ａｎｄ　had to use computer keys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing.Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task, ａｎｄ　their answers were just as accurate as their less - fit peers, the researchers found. The fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of their brain responsible fｏｒpaying attention ａｎｄ　making decisions.In a second study, 15 elderly people who completed a 6 - month aerobic - training (有氧运动) course were faster at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching ａｎｄ　toning (韵律操) exercises fｏｒthe same amount of time.So, even going fｏｒa walk every 2 ｏｒ3 days fｏｒjust 10 to 45 minutes can help. That should be good news fｏｒthe elderly.The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people haven\'t been studied yet. Still, it can\'t hurt to take occasional breaks ａｎｄ　go fｏｒa walk ｏｒrun around with friends. Whatever you do, though, don\'t try to read ａｎｄ　walk at the same time. You could end up hurting yourself!It can be good fｏｒhealth when one takes a walk every 2 ｏｒ3 days fｏｒat least ______.【单选题】

A.3 minutes

B.45 minutes

C.30 minutes

D.10 minutes

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要认真阅读文章。答案依据在文章第七段。带着题干信息词回到文章定位。第七段第一句谈到，每两三天出去散步10到45分钟会对健康有益，回来看选项，很明显，D是近义解释，是答案。