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2023年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编每天为您准备了5道每日一练题目(附答案解析),一步一步陪你备考,每一次练习的成功,都会淋漓尽致的反映在分数上。一起加油前行。
1、HalloweenHalloween is an autumn holiday that Americans celebrate every year. It means "holy evening", and it comes every October 31, the evening before All-Saints Day. It used to be thought the most wonderful night of the year. It was the night when witches and evil spirits came back on earth. People kept up many strange old customs in an effort to keep these evil things away. Farmers used to light big fires in their fields, and the farm workers and their families would walk around the fields singing old songs. Sometimes they would stop to hear the local priest offer prayers to the good spirits, and ask them to help keep the evil ones away. Great care was taken that none of the farm animals were left in the fields. They would all be locked up safely in their stables, and over each of the stable doors a few rowan leaves would be hung. Witches and evil spirits would not go anywhere near the rowan tree. In more recent times, Halloween has become a time forthe parties, when children dress up as witches and play all kinds of special games. After the games there is often a big supper with plenty of pumpkin pie, cakes and a lot of other delicious things to eat. But forthe most part the children enjoy the fun of dressing up and playing their favorite game of "Trick orTreat". They run down each street knocking on the doors crying loudly "Trick orTreat! Money oreat!", and most people have some sweets ormoney ready to give them. Those that do not can expect maybe to have a tyre flattened, ortheir windows covered in soap. orthe children may just knock on the doorand run away. Some children think of other people on Halloween. They carry boxes forUNICEF (The United Nations International Children\'s Emergency Fund). They ask formoney to help poorchildren all around the world. Of course, every time they help UNICEF, they usually receive a treat forthemselves, too. Every autumn, when the vegetables are ready to eat, children pick large orange pumpkins. Then they cut faces in the pumpkins and put lights inside. It looks like there is a person looking out of the pumpkin! These lights are called jack-o\'-lanterns, which means "Jack of the lantern". But in this modern age many of the pumpkins are being replaced with plastic electric ones that can be brought out each year. The authorwrote this text in orcerto____.【单选题】
A.introduce Halloween to readers.
B.ask readers to offer money to help poorchildren.
C.show the fact that plastic electric pumpkins will replace the real ones.
D.welcome people to U. S. A to celebrate Halloween.
正确答案:A
答案解析:作者从时间、传说、庆祝的方式、发展过程一直写到今天人们利用这个节日募捐帮助别人,使读者对这个节日有了充分的了解。因此答案是A。
2、Weaving with LightIn the Sierra Madre mountain range of west central Mexico, the native Huichol people live much the way their ancestors did-without electricity. That\'s because it\'s too expensive to string power lines to the remote mountain areas where they live. To help support themselves, the Huichol create beautiful artwork. They sell their art in cities hundreds of miles away from their villages. and without electricity, at home oron the road, they can only work during daylight hours. When it gets dark, they must stop whatever they\'re doing.Now, a team of scientists, designers and architects is using new technologies to provide the Huichol with light after the sun sets. The scientists technique involves weaving tiny electronic crystals into fabrics that can be made into clothes, bags, orother items.By collecting the sun\'s energy during the day, these lightweight fabrics provide bright white light at night. Their inventors have named the fabrics "Portable Lights," Portable Lights have the potential to transform the lives of people without electricity around the world, says project leader Sheila Kennedy."Our invention," Kennedy says, "came from seeing how we could transform technology we saw every day in the United States and move it into new markets forpeople who didn\'t have a lot of money."At the core of Portable Light technology are devices called high - brightness light - emitting diodes, orHB LEDs. These tiny lights appear in digital clocks, televisions and streetlights.LEDs are completely different from the light bulbs. Most of those glass bulbs belong to a type called incandescent lights. Inside, electricity heats a metal coil to about 2,200 degrees Celsius. At that temperature, bulbs give off light we can see.Ninety percent of energy produced by incandescent lights, however, is heat and invisible. With all that wasted energy, bulbs burn out quickly. They are also easily broken.LEDs, on the other hand, are like tiny pieces of rock made up of molecules that are arranged in a crystal structure. When an electric current passes through an LED, the crystal structure produces light. Unlike incandescent bulbs, they can produce light of various colors. Within an LED, the type of molecules and their particular arrangement determines what coloris produced.The central part of the Portable Lights technology is ______.【单选题】
A.glass bulbs
B.digital clocks
C.incandescent lights
D.HB LEDs
正确答案:D
答案解析:本题有一定难度,关键在吃透句意,答案依据比较明显,带着题干信息词回文章定位,答案依据主要在文章第五段第一句:At the core of Portable Light technology are devices called high - brightness light - emitting diodes orHB LEDs。其中core和题干里的central part是同义词,回来看选项,D项和原文句意相符,答案是D。
3、The chairman proposed that we stop the meeting.【单选题】
A.stated
B.announced
C.demanded
D.suggested
正确答案:D
答案解析:主席建议我们中止会议。本题难度不大,考查的是基本意义,干扰项干扰不大。propose和suggest都有“建议”的意思,是近义词,A项指“陈述”,B项指“宣布”,C项指“要求”和答案意义差异大,最佳答案是D。
4、BudgetA budget is a spending plan. It can help you spend money wisely. It can do this by cutting out wasteful spending. Of course, preparing a budget takes planning, and following a budget takes will power. Your budget should meet your family\'s needs and income. The first step in creating a budget is to setyour goals. What does your family need and wants. You must know this to work out the details of the budget. Keep goals realistic, in terms of income available. Then decide which goals are the most important. The next step is estimating family income. Before you can plan wisely, you need to know how much money you have to spend! Write down all the money you expect to receive (wages, savings, interest, etc.) during the planned budget period. After you have calculated how much money will be available, it is time to estimate expenses. List all of your family expenses. If you are not satisfied with what you got foryour money, look carefully at your spending. Studying your records will show where overspending has occurred. It will also point out poorbuying habits. It is also a good idea to setaside a small amount of money foremergencies. Every family has small emergencies: a blown tire, a broken device, orthe need forminormedical care. According to the passage, what is the advantage of a budget?【单选题】
A.It can help you setyour goals clearly.
B.It can help you save a lot of money.
C.It can help you get rid of poorbuying habits.
D.It can help you spend money in a reasonable way.
正确答案:D
答案解析:第1段第2句“It can help you spend money wisely”(预算帮助你聪明地花钱),也就是说理智地消费( spend money in a reasonable way)。
5、Arctic MeltEarth\'s North and South Poles are famous forbeing cold and icy. Last year, however, the amount of ice in the Arctic Ocean fell to a record low. Normally, ice builds in Arctic waters around the North Pole each winter and shrinks during the summer. But formany years, the amount of ice left by the end of summer has been declining. Since 1979, each decade has seen an 11. 4 percent drepin end of summer ice cover. Between 1981 and 2000, ice in the Arctic lost 22 percent of its thickness, becoming 1.13 meters thinner. Last summer, Arctic sea ice reached its skimpiest levels yet. By the end of summer 2007, the ice had shrunk to cover just 4.2 million square kilometers. That\'s 38 percent less area than the average cover at that time of year. and it\'s a very large 23 percent below the previous record low, which was setjust 2 years ago. This continuing trend has scientists concerned. There may be several reasons forthe ice melt, says Jinlun Zhang, an oceanographer at the University of Washington at Seattle. Unusually strong winds blew through the Arctic last summer. The winds pushed much of the ice out of the central Arctic, leaving a large area of thin ice and open water. Scientists also suspect that fewer clouds cover the Arctic now than in the past. Clearer skies allow more sunlight to reach the ocean. The extra heat warms both the water and the atmosphere. In parts of the Arctic Ocean last year, surface temperatures were 3.5℃ warmer than average and 1.5℃ warmer than the previous record high. With both air and water getting warmer, the ice is melting from both above and below. In some parts of the Beaufort Sea, north of Alaska and western Canada, ice that measured 3. 3 meters thick at the beginning of the summer measured just 50 centimeters by season\'s end. The new measurements suggest that melting is far more severe than scientists have seen by just looking at ice cover from above, says Donald K. Perovich, a geophysicist at the U. S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory in Hanover, N. H. Some scientists fear that the Arctic is stuck in a warming trend from which it may never recover. What is the ice cover in the Arctic by the end of 2007 summer?【单选题】
A.4.2 million square kilometers
B.11.4 million square kilometers
C.1.13 million square kilometers
D.38 million square kilometers
正确答案:A
答案解析:原文为By the end of summer 2007, the ice had shrunk to cover just 4. 2 million square kilometers。
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