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2023年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编每天为您准备了5道每日一练题目(附答案解析),一步一步陪你备考,每一次练习的成功,都会淋漓尽致的反映在分数上。一起加油前行。
1、I?want?to?provide?my?boys?with?a?decent?education.【单选题】
A.good
B.special
C.private
D.general
正确答案:A
答案解析:题干大意:我想给儿子们提供体面的教育。decent意为“体面的”,如:decent?clothes(体面的服装)。good意为“好的”,最符合题意,如:good?environ?ment(良好的环境)。special意为“特别的”,如:This?is?a?special?occasion.(这是一个特殊的场合)。private意为“隐私的”,如:Fans?are?always?curious?about?the?singer\'s?private?life.(歌迷总对歌星的私人生活感兴趣。)general意为“普遍的”,如:the?general?readers(一般的读者)。
2、When a disease of epidemic proportions rips into the populace, scientists immediately get to work, trying to locate the source of the affliction and find ways to combat it. Oftentimes, success is achieved, as medical science is able to isolate the parasite, germ orcell that causes the problem and finds ways to effectively kill orcontain it. In the most serious of cases, in which the entire population of a region orcountry may be at grave risk, it is deemed necessary to protect the entire population through vaccination, so as to safeguard lives and ensure that the disease will not spread.The process of vaccination allows the patient\'s body to develop immunity to the virus ordisease so that, if it is encountered, one can ward it off naturally. To accomplish this, a small weak ordead strain of the disease is actually injected into the patient in a controlled environment, so that his body\'s immune system can learn to fight the invader properly. Information on how to penetrate the disease\'s defenses is transmitted to all elements of the patient\'s immune system in a process that occurs naturally, in which genetic information is passed from cell to cell. This makes sure that, should the patient later come into contact with the real problem, his body is well equipped and trained to deal with it, having already done so before.There are dangers inherent in the process, however. On occasion, even the weakened version of the disease contained in the vaccine proves too much forthe body to handle, resulting in the immune system succumbing, and, therefore, the patient\'s death. Such is the case of the smallpox vaccine, designed to eradicate the smallpox epidemic that nearly wiped out the entire Native American population and killed massive numbers of settlers. Approximately l in 10,000 people who receives the vaccine contract the smallpox disease from the vaccine itself and dies from it. Thus, if the entire population of the United States were to receive the Smallpox Vaccine today, 3,000 Americans would be left dead.Fortunately, the smallpox virus was considered eradicated in the early 1970\'s, ending the mandatory vaccination of all babies in America. In the event of a re-introduction of the disease, however, mandatory vaccinations may resume, resulting in more unexpected deaths from vaccination. The process, which is truly a mixed blessing, may indeed hide some hidden curses.The purpose of the authorin writing this passage is____.【单选题】
A.to comment and criticize
B.to demonstrate and argue
C.to interest and entertain
D.to explain and inform
正确答案:D
答案解析:主旨题。题干考查的是作者写作本文的目的。通过阅读整篇文章可以看出,作者的语气是客观的,主要是解释和说明信息。选项D与此相符合,故正确答案为D。选项A和B属于议论文的目的。本文是科普性文章,因此选项C“为了引起关注和娱乐”也不符合题意。
3、College Night Owls Have Lower GradesCollege students who are morning people tend to get better grades than those who are night owls(晚睡的人), according to University of North Texas researchers.They had 824 undergraduate(大学本科生的) students complete a health survey that in cluded questions about sleep habits and daytime functioning, and found that students who are morning people had higher grade point averages(GPAs) than those who are night people."The finding that college students who are evening types have lower GPAs is a very important finding, sure to make its way into undergraduate psychology texts in the near future, along with the research showing that memory is improved by sleep," study co - authorDaniet J. Taylorsaid in a prepared statement."Further, these results suggest that it might be possible to improve academic performance by using chronotherapy (时间疗法) to help students retrain their biological clock to become more morning types," Taylorsaid.The research was expected to be presented Monday at SLEEP, the annual meeting of the Associated Professional (专业的) Sleep Societies, in Baltimore.In other findings expected to be heard at the meeting, University of Colorado researchers found a significant association between insomnia (失眠) and a decline in college students\' academic performance.The study included 64 psychology, nursing and medical students, average age 27. 4 years, who were divided into two groups—low GPAs and high GPAs.Among those with low GPAs,69.7 percent had trouble falling asleep,53.1 percent experienced leg kicks ortwitches (痉挛) at night, 65.6 percent reported waking at night and having trouble falling back to sleep, and 72.7 percent had difficulty concentrating during the day."In college students, the complaint of difficulty concentrating during the day continues to have a considerable impact on their ability to succeed in the classroom," study authorDr. James F. Pagel said in a prepared statement. "This study showed that disordered sleep has significant harmful effects on a student\'s academic performance, including GPAs."According to Dr. Pagel, the academic performance of a student will be affected ______.【单选题】
A.if he orshe is not motivated
B.if he orshe is troubled by disordered sleep
C.if he orshe is a morning type
D.if he orshe is a lazy person
正确答案:B
答案解析:本题难度不大,答案依据比较明显,答案依据是文章最后一段最后一句,谈到睡眠紊乱对学生学术能力的副作用很大,包括考试成绩,回来看选项,B项和原文句意相符,是答案。
4、Cars Are Good forthe Environment,HonestBritain\'s motorindustry is planning a majorpublicity campaign to counter what it sees as an official anti-car bias and to improve the environmental image of the cars, according to documents leaked to the pressure group, Friends of the Earth (FOE). The five-year campaign could cost up to £12 million.The internal document which was produced last month by the Society of MotorManufacturers and Traders, says that the "ultimate objective of the campaign must be to protect the long-term commercial freedom of the motorindustry and the lifestyle freedom of car users". The campaign will highlight the motorindustry\'s efforts to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide. European car manufacturers have already agreed with the European Com mission to reduce CO2 emissions from new cars by 25 percent to target of 140 grams per kilometer by 2008. However, the document also reveals that the industry is someway from meeting the target. Forexample, last year\'s new cars exceed an average of 192 grams per kilometre—some 37 percent above the target.To help control these emissions, the government has proposed replacing the flat rate annual tax on cars with a tax related to engine size so that owners of large gas-guzzler would pay more than owners of small cars. But the motorindustry opposes taxes on persons owning cars preferring taxes on use.Richard Barnet, the society\'s media manager, says: "We will work with the government to practice a practical system. " ____【单选题】
A.The campaign will highlight the motorindustry\'s efforts to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide.
B.But the motorindustry opposes taxes on persons owning cars preferring taxes on use.
C.The five-year campaign could cost up to £16 million.
D.The reason why cars are good forthe environment is obvious.
E.But Ian Willmore of FOE says the industry “may pose as partners of the government, but its real intention is to frustrate serious attempts to reduce traffic levels”.
F.Forexample, last year\'s new cars exceed an average of 192 grams per kilometre—some 41 percent above the target.
正确答案:E
答案解析:前一句是Richard Barnet对政府和汽车行业在此活动执行上的看法,而E选项则对他的想法进行了相应的改动,并起到了进一步升华的作用。因此,选择E。
5、Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in TeensWhile some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to "self-medicate" against the blues, scientists at the University of Toronto and the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually increasedepressive symptoms in some teens."This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived emotional benefits of smoking among teens," says lead researcher Michael Chaiton, a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto." Although cigarettes may appear to have self-medicating effects orto improve mood, in the long term we found that teens who started to smoke reported higher depressive symptoms. "As part of the study, some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires ____ their use of cigarettes to affect mood. Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French and English participants, urban and rural schools, and schools located in high, moderate and low socioeconomic neighborhoods. Participants were divided into three groups: never smokers; smokers who did not use cigarettes to self-medicate, improve mood orphysical state; smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate. Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how felt too fired to do things: had trouble going to sleep orstaying asleep; felt unhappy, sad, ordepressed; felt hopeless about the future; felt vexed, antsy ortense; and worried too much about things."Smokers who used cigarettes as mood improvers had higher risks of elevated depressive symptoms than teens who had never smoked," says co-researcher Jennifer O\'Loughlin, a professorat the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine. "Our study found that teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are at higher risk of developing depressive symptoms."The association between depression and smoking exists principally among teens that use cigarettes to feel better. "It\'s important to emphasize that depressive symptom scores were higher among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke," says Dr. Chaiton.【单选题】
A.beside
B.beyond
C.in
D.about
正确答案:D
答案解析:本题要填入的词是介词。分析下来their use of cigarettes to affect mood应该是questionnaire(问卷)所要了解的内容,所以about是正确的选择。
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