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2023年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编每天为您准备了5道每日一练题目(附答案解析),一步一步陪你备考,每一次练习的成功,都会淋漓尽致的反映在分数上。一起加油前行。
1、Human Heart Can Make New CellsSolving a longstanding (为时甚久的) mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues to generate new cardiac(心脏的 ) cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.The finding, published in the April 3 issue of Science, could open a new path forthe treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure and heart attack, experts say."We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes (心肌细胞), are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen, a professorof stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. "It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we are born with orif they could be renewed," he said.The process of renewing these cells changes over time, Frisen added. In a 20 - year - old, about I percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year, but the turnover (更替) rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75."If we can understand how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated, it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals (药物) that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after, forexample, a heart attack," Frisen said.That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts."A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure," noted co - authorDr. Ratan Bhardwaj, also from the Karolinska Institute. "Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said.With this finding, scientists are "opening the doorto potential therapies (疗法) to having ourselves heal ourselves." Bhardwaj said. "Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new and more cells to overcome the problem they are facing. "But barriers remain. According to Bhardwaj, scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off, especially in older patients with heart failure. In addition, the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts-whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.The finding could prove to be useful to ______.【单选题】
A.the analysis of cardiac cells
B.the prevention of chronic diseases
C.the treatment of heart diseases
D.the study of longstanding mysteries
正确答案:C
答案解析:本题有一定难度,需要吃透原文句意。带着题干信息词回文章定位,答案依据在文章第二段,谈到专家称这项发现会为例如心脏衰竭、心脏病等的治疗开辟新道路,回来看选项,C项和原文句意相符,是答案。
2、 Happiness If your sense of well-being fluctuates with stock market, you might be comforted to know that money can\'t buy you happiness anyway. In one American study conducted in 1993, level of income was shown to have an inverse relation to happiness: Thegroupwhose income had declined was happier overall than thegroupwhose income had increased. A soon-to-be published review of the hundreds of studies on this subject supports the 1993 findings. In developed countries, the correlation between income and happiness is close to zero and sometimes negative. With a correlation between level of income and happiness somewhere between 0.12 and 0.18, the United States is near the bottom of the list; that factors other than income are overwhelmingly more important in explaining happiness. Also, as our material wealth increases, the gap between income and satisfaction with life seems to be widening. Predictably, money has its most positive effect on the poor, but once a person has achieved a minimal standard of living level of income has almost nothing to do with happiness. Close relationship, rather than money, is the key to happiness. Indeed, the number of one\'s personal friends is a much better indicatorof overall satisfaction with life than personal wealth. One stands a better chance of achieving a satisfying life by spending time with friends and family than by striving forhigher income. Incidentally, in the US, as people become richer, the probability of divorce increases. Our need forcompanionship is partly biological. All primates respond with pleasure to demonstrations of affection and with pain to loss of companionship. Isolated monkeys will sacrifice food just forthe glimpses of another monkey. By ignoring our biologically programmed need foreach other, we risk physical and mental distress. A recent cross-national study of mental depression in the US found that in advanced countries, there is a rising tide of majordepression. Teenage suicides have increased in recent decades in almost all advanced countries. Moreover, in the US since World War Ⅱ, there has been an actual decline in the proportion of people who report themselves to be "very unhappy. " You can easily test the claim that companionship exceeds wealth as a source of happiness. Ask yourself which has a greater influence on your satisfaction with life: your income orthe affection of your intimate companions and the well-being of your children? Conversely, which would make you more depressed: a reduction in salary ora divorce and isolation from your friends? Capitalism succeeds in creating material riches, but it is less successful in building companionable societies and protecting family integrity. But developing countries still have much work to do in pursuing material wealth, where a rise in productivity still greatly increases happiness. Forpoorer countries, the time is not yet ripe fora shift in priorities from wealth accumulation to companionship. Can we afford to believe that the pursuit of material gain will lead to self-fulfillment? We should continue to enjoy our wealth in good company, orelse we may find that it is not satisfying. According to the 3rd paragraph, which of the following is true in developed countries? 【单选题】
A.The more money one has, the unhappier he becomes.
B.Income and happiness are closely related.
C.The richer one is, the happier he is.
D.More money does not necessarily make one happy.
正确答案:D
答案解析:从语意上看A和C都太绝对,因此肯定不是答案;根据文章开头的句子判断D很可能是答案。而实际上第3段中只有一句话:In developed countries,the correlation between income and happiness is close to zero and sometimes negative. 该句说“在发达国家里,收入和快乐之间的关系接近零,而有时候还成为了负数”,因此否定了B(收入和快乐相关),所以答案是D。
3、We\'ve?been?through?some?rough?times?together.【单选题】
A.short
B.difficult
C.long
D.happy
正确答案:B
答案解析:题干大意:我们一起渡过了一些困境。句中rough意为“粗糙的、艰苦的”。rough?time意为“困难时刻”,和四个选项中的difficult?time意思一样。short意为“短的”;long意为“长的”;happy意为“幸福的”,与rough意义相反。
4、Our new house is on the first floor.【单选题】
A.Bottom
B.third
C.ground
D.top
正确答案:C
答案解析:bottom:底部的、底部;third:第三的;ground:地面的、地面;ground floor和first floor在英语中表示第二层、在美语中表示第一层;top:最高的、顶上的。
5、CancerCancer is agroupof many related diseases that begin in cells, the body\'s basic building blocks. The body is made up of many types of cells. Normally cells grow and divide to produce more cells as they are needed to keep the body healthy. Sometimes, this orderly process goes wrong. New cells form when the body does not need them, and old cells do not die when they should. The extra cells form a mass of tissue called a growth ortumor. Benign (良性的) tumors are not cancer. They can often be removed and, in most cases, they do not come back. Malignant (恶性的) tumors are cancer. Cells in malignant tumors are abnormal and divide without control ororder.Scientists have learned that cancer is caused by changes in genes that normally control the growth and death of cells. Certain lifestyle and environmental factors can change some normal genes into genes that allow the growth of cancer. Many gene changes that lead to cancer are the result of tobacco use, diet, exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun, orexposure to carcinogens (致癌物) in the workplace orin the environment. Some gene alterations are inherited.Cancer treatment can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy (化疗), hormone therapy, and biological therapy. The doctormay use one method ora combination of methods, depending on the type and location of the cancer, whether the disease has spread, the patient\'s age and general health, and other factors. Because treatment forcancer can also damage healthy cells and tissues, it often causes side effects. Patients and doctors generally discuss the treatment options, weighing the likely benefits of killing cancer cells and the risks of possible side effects.Having cancer does not always mean having pain. Whether a patient has pain may depend on the type of cancer, the extent of the disease, and the patient\'s tolerance forpain. Most pain occurs when the cancer grows and presses against bones, organs, ornerves. Pain may also be a side effect of treatment. However, pain can generally be relieved orreduced with prescription medicines orover-the-counter drugs recommended by the doctor.Paragraph 4____.【单选题】
A.Does cancer always cause pain
B.Can cancer be prevented
C.What is cancer
D.How common is cancer
E.What causes cancer
F.How is cancer treated
正确答案:A
答案解析:第四段主题句为第一句,其意思是:患有癌症并不意味着总会疼痛。由此推断,该段回答了A选项“Does cancer always cause pain?”所提问题,故A为正确答案。
为什么商务英语考试中有的考生不允许入场?:为什么商务英语考试中有的考生不允许入场?考点将拒绝考生入场,并不予改期考试或退还考费:1. 抵达考点与网上报名所选考点不一致;2. 未携带准考证或规定的有效身份证件;3. 所携身份证件的有效性未通过核验;4. 身份证件类型和号码与所持准考证显示信息不符;5. 身份证件相片与本人明显不符;6. 未按准考证规定时间到达考场;7. 不服从监考人员的管理,扰乱考场秩序。
需要具备怎样的基础才能备考商务英语BEC中级?:商务英语中级需要有大学英语四级到六级的水平。
学习商务英语BEC初级需要具备怎样的基础?:学习商务英语BEC初级需要具备怎样的基础?根据BEC考试大纲的要求,学习BEC初级需要有公共英语四级的水平。
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