2022年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、The GuitarThe Museum of Fine Arts in the eastern city of Boston recently began showing a collection of guitars. The exhibit is called Dangerous Curves: The Art of the Guitar. It shows how the instrument developed during the past four centuries. Probably no other musical instrument is as popular around the world as the guitar. Musicians use the guitar fｏｒalmost every kind of music. Country ａｎｄ　western music would not be the same without a guitar. The traditional Spanish folk music called Flamenco could not exist without a guitar. The sound of American blues music would not be the same without the sad cry of the guitar. ａｎｄ　rock ａｎｄ　roll music would almost be impossible without this instrument. Music experts do not agree about where the guitar first was played. Most agree it is ancient. Some experts say an instrument very much like a guitar was played in Egypt more than a thousａｎｄ　years ago. Some other experts say that the ancestｏｒof the modern guitar was brought to Spain from Persia sometime in the twelfth century. The guitar continued to develop in Spain. In the seventeen-hundred it became similar to the instrument we know today. Many famous musicians played the instrument. The famous Italian violinist Niccolo Paganinni played ａｎｄ　wrote music fｏｒthe guitar in the early eighteen hundred. Franz Schubert used the guitar to write some ofhis famous works. One guitar in the Boston Fine Arts display was played by Les Paul. It is a very old electric guitar. Mister Parl began experimenting with ways to make an electric guitar in the nineteen-thirties. The Gibson Guitar Company began producing its famous Les Parl Guitar in 1952. The instrument has the same shape ａｎｄ　the same six strings as the traditional guitar, but it sounds very different. The guitar has always been important to blues music. The electric guitar Mister Paul helped develop made modern blues music possible. There have been many great blues guitarists. Yet, music experts say all blues guitar players are measured against one man ａｎｄ　his famous guitar. That man is B-B King. Every blues fan knows that years ago B-B King named his guitar Lucille. Lucille is so important to American music that the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D-C has asked fｏｒit. They want to display the large, beautiful black guitar in one of the museums because it is a part ofAmerican culture. John Denvｏｒis one of the specialists in playing the guitar. 【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题说的是约翰丹佛，吉他演奏专家之一。文章提到了B-B King，但没有提及约翰丹佛，尽管我们知道他确实是吉他演奏专家。

2、Singing Alarms Could Save the BlindIf you cannot see, you may not be able to find your way out of a burning building ａｎｄ　that could be fatal. A company in Leeds could change all that with directional sound alarms capable of guiding you to the exit. Sound Alert, a company run by the University of Leeds, is installing the alarms in a residential home fｏｒblind people in Sommerｓｅｔａｎｄ　a resource centre fｏｒthe blind in Columbia. The alarms produce a wide range of frequencies that enable the brain to determine where the sound is coming from. Deborah Withington of Sound Alert says that the alarms use most of the frequencies that can be ______ by humans. "It\'s a burst of white noise that people say sounds like static on the radio," she says. "Its life-saving potential is great."She conducted an experiment in which people were filmed by thermal-imaging cameras trying to find their way out of a large smoke-filled room. It took them nearly four minutes to find the doｏｒwithout a sound alarm, but only 15 seconds with one. Withington studies how the brain processes sounds at the university. She says that the source of a wide bａｎｄ　of frequencies can be pinpointed more easily than the source of a narrow band. Alarms basedon the same concept have already been installed on emergency vehicles. The alarms will also include rising ｏｒfalling frequencies to indicate whether people should go up ｏｒdown stairs. They were developed with the aid of a large grant from British Nuclear Fuels. 【单选题】

A.watched

B.produced

C.learnt

D.heard

正确答案:D

答案解析:文章一直在讨论警报器、声音，因此很容易推断应该是被人听到。

3、The Value of AdvertisementMoney spent on advertising is worth spending. It serves directly to bring about a rapid sale of goods at reasonable prices, so setting up a firm home market ａｎｄ　making it possible to provide fｏｒexport at good price. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps greatly to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demａｎｄ　it causes an increased need fｏｒlabor, ａｎｄ　is therefore a nice way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television program would need to be doubled, ａｎｄ　travel by bus ｏｒsubway would cost more. ａｎｄ　perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a promise of reasonable value in the products ａｎｄ　services you buy. Besides the fact that twenty-seven Acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare produce anything that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people fｏｒa little while through misleading advertising. He will not do so fｏｒlong, fｏｒthe public has the good sense not to buy the poｏｒgoods more than once. If you see a product frequently advertised, it is the proof I know that the product does what is promised fｏｒit, ａｎｄ　that it has good value. Advertising does more fｏｒthe good of the public than any other force I can think of. There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a well-known television person declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was telling us the real difference. Of course advertising tries to persuade. If its messages were nothing but information, that would be difficult to get more people to buy, fｏｒeven the choice of the colｏｒof a shirt is a bit persuasive-advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known television person wants.It seems to the writer that____.【单选题】

A.it is very difficult to get all the information from advertising

B.there is nothing wrong with advertising in persuading the buyers

C.advertising is usually very boring ａｎｄ　misleading

D.people will pay attention to the colｏｒof a shirt rather than advertising

正确答案:B

答案解析:根据最后一段，如果广告只有告知作用而没有说服作用，人们就不会注意，就不可能有购买欲望。因此选B。

4、The attack on Fort Sumter near Charleston provoked a sharp response froze the North, which led to the American Civil War. 【单选题】

A.demanded

B.elicited

C.extracted

D.defied

正确答案:B

答案解析:provoke和elicit的意思相近，引起、诱发；demand：要求；extract：抽出、提取；defy：公然反抗、蔑视。

5、Radiocarbon DatingNowadays scientists can answer many questions about the past through a technique called radiocarbon (放射性碳), ｏｒcarbon - 14 dating. One key to understanding how ａｎｄ　why something happened is to discover when it happened.Radiocarbon dating was developed in the late 1940s by physicist Willard F. Libby at the University of Chicago. An atom of ordinary carbon, called carbon -12, has six protons (质子) ａｎｄ　six neutrons (中子) in its nucleus (原子核). Carbon - 14, ｏｒC - 14, is a radioactive, unstable form of carbon that has two extra neutrons. It returns to a more stable form of carbon through a process called decay (衰减). This process involves the loss of the extra neutrons ａｎｄ　energy from the nucleus.In Libby\'s radiocarbon dating technique, the weak radioactive emissions(放射)from this decay process are counted by instruments such as a radiation detectｏｒａｎｄ　counter. The decay rate is used to determine the proportion of C -14 atoms in the sample being dated.Carbon - 14 is produced in the Earth\'s atmosphere when nitrogen(氮) - 14, ｏｒN - 14, interacts with cosmic rays (宇宙射线). Scientists believe since the Earth was formed, the amount of nitrogen in the atmosphere has remained constant. Consequently, C -14 formation is thought to occur at a constant rate. Now the ratio of C -14 to other carbon atoms in the atmosphere is known. Most scientists agree that this ratio is useful fｏｒdating items back to at least 50,000 years.All life on Earth is made of organic molecules (分子) that contain carbon atoms coming from the atmosphere. So all living things have about the same ratio of C -14 atoms to other carbon atoms in their tissues (组织). Once an organism (有机体) dies it stops taking in carbon in any form, ａｎｄ　the C -14 already present begins to decay. Over time the amount of C - 14 in the material decreases ａｎｄ　the ratio of C - 14 to other carbon atoms goes down. In terms of radiocarbon dating, the fewer C -14 atoms in a sample, the older that sample is.The half - life of C - 14 is about 25 ,000 years.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题有较大难度，答案依据不明显，需要通读全文作出判断。通读全文后可以发现文章并未提及碳的半衰期是25，000年，所以本题是未提及的，答案是C。

6、The river widens considerably as it begins to turn east. 【单选题】

A.extends

B.stretches

C.broadens

D.traverses

正确答案:C

答案解析:widen和broaden同义，变宽、扩大；extend:延伸、延长；stretch:舒展、延伸；traverse:穿过、横贯。

7、Houses of the FutureWhat will houses be like in thirty years\' time? No one really knows, but architects are trying to predict. What will our home be like then?Future houses will have to be flexible. In thirty years\' time even more of us will be working from home. So we will have to be able to use areas of the house fｏｒwork fｏｒpart of the day ａｎｄ　fｏｒliving fｏｒthe rest. Families grow ａｎｄ　change with children arriving, growing up ａｎｄ　leaving home. _____. Nothing will be as fixed as it is now. The house will always be changing to meet changing needs.Everyone agrees that in thirty years\' time we will be living in "intelligent" houses. We will be able to talk to our kitchen machines ａｎｄ　discuss with them what to do. Like this, "We\'ll be having a party this weekend. What food shall we cook?" ａｎｄ　the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy ａｎｄ　how to cook it. We will be able to leave most of the cooking to the machines, just tasting things from time to time to check.The house of the future will be personal, each house will be different. You will be able to change the colｏｒof the wall easily.You won\'t have to paint them-you\'ll be able to tell the wall to change the color! ａｎｄ　if you don\'t like the colｏｒthe next day, you will be able to have a new one. The only thing you won\'t be able to do is move the house somewhere else!【单选题】

A.You will be able to change the colｏｒof the wall easily.

B.The only thing you won\'t be able to do is move the house somewhere else!

C.ａｎｄ　the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy ａｎｄ　how to cook it.

D.What will our home be like then?

E.The house of the future will have to grow ａｎｄ　change with the family.

F.The kids might take their bedrooms with them as they leave.

正确答案:E

答案解析:本题的难度比上一道明显降低，考生只要认真阅读文章，不难确定答案。可用排除法和代入法。本题的上文谈到随着孩子的出生，成长，和离家，家庭组成就会发生变化，带来房子的布置也会相应发生变化，下文谈到房子需要不断改造以适应家变化的需要，很明显此处很可能继续谈论，房子的改变问题，回来看选项，使用排除法和代入法，可以确定E是正确答案。

8、Waving With LightIn the Sierra Madre mountain range of west central Mexico, the native Huichol people live much the way their ancestors did without electricity. That\'s because it\'s too expensive to string power lines to the remote mountain areas where they live. To help support themselves, the Huichol create beautiful artwork. They sell their art in cities hundreds of miles away from their villages. ａｎｄ　without electricity at home ｏｒon the road, they can only work during daylight hours. When it gets dark, they must stop whatever they\'re doing. Now, a team of scientists, designers, ａｎｄ　architects are using new technologies to provide the Huichol with light after the sun sets. The scientists\' technique involves weaving tiny electronic crystals into fabrics that can be made into clothes, bags, ｏｒother items. By collecting the sun\'s energy during the day, these lightweight fabrics provide bright white light at night. Their inventors have named the fabrics "Portable Lights." Portable Lights have the potential to transform the lives of people without electricity around the world, says project leader Sheila Kennedy. "Our invention," Kennedy says, "came from seeing how we could transform technology we saw every day in the United States ａｎｄ　move it into new markets fｏｒpeople who didn\'t have a lot of money."At the core of Portable Light technology are devices called high-brightness light-emitting diodes, ｏｒHB LEDs. These tiny lights appear in digital clocks, televisions, ａｎｄ　streetlights. LEDs are completely different from the light bulbs. Most of those glass bulbs belong to a type called incandescent lights. Inside, electricity heats a metal coil to about 2,200 degrees Celsius. At that temperature, bulbs give of flight we can see. Ninety percent of energy produced by incandescent lights, however, is heat ａｎｄ　invisible. With all that wasted energy, bulbs burn out quickly. They are also easily broken. LEDs, on the other hand, are like tiny pieces of rock made up of molecules that are arranged in a crystal structure. When an electric current passes through an LED, the crystal structure produces light. Unlike incandescent bulbs, they can produce light of various colors. Within an LED, the type of molecules ａｎｄ　their particular arrangement determines what colｏｒis produced. What does Sheila Kennedy say about Portable Lights?【单选题】

A.This invention can change the lives of people, both rich ａｎｄ　poor.

B.They are widely used in the United States.

C.Portable Lights can help poｏｒpeople around the world to get light.

D.They are expensive to make but easy to carry.

正确答案:C

答案解析:短文的第4段和第5段提供了答案。短文第4段的句子说了Portable Lights可以在世界范围内改变穷乡僻壤用不上电的人们的生活，选项C准确地表达了这层意思，所以是答案。A不是答案，说Portable Lights能改变富人和穷人的生活，不符合原文的意思。短文没有提及Portable Lights在美国使用，也没有说Portable Lights是否花费很大。所以B和D都不是答案。

9、Dung to DeathFields across Europe are contaminated with dangerous levels of the antibiotics given to farm animals. The drugs, which are in manure sprayed onto fields as fertilizers, could be getting into our food ａｎｄ　water, helping to create a new generation of antibiotic-resistant "superbugs". The warning comes from a researcher in Switzerlａｎｄ　who looked at levels of the drugs in farm slurry His findings are particularly shocking because Switzerlａｎｄ　is one of the few countries to have banned antibiotics as growth promoters in animal dead.Some 20,000 tons of antibiotics are used in the European ｕｎｉｏｎａｎｄ　the US each year. More than half are given to farm-animals to prevent disease ａｎｄ　promote growth. But recent research has found a direct link between the increased use of these farmyard drugs ａｎｄ　the appearance of antibiotic-resistant bugs that infect people. Most researchers assumed that humans become infected with the resistant strains by eating contaminated meat. But far more of the drugs end. up in manure than in meat products, says Stephen Mueller of the Swiss Federal Institute fｏｒEnvironmental Science ａｎｄ　Technology in Dubendorf. ａｎｄ　manure contains especiaily high levels of bugs that are resistant to antibiotics he says.With millions of tons of animals manure spread onto fields of crops such as wheat ａｎｄ　barley each year, this pathway seems an equally likely route fｏｒspreading resistance, he said. The drugs contaminate the crops, which are then eaten. ______Mueller is particularly concerned about aｇｒｏｕｐof antibiotics called sulphonamides. They do not easily degrade ｏｒdissolve in water. His analysis found that Swiss farm manure contains a high percentage of sulphonamides; each hectare of field could be contaminated with up to 1 kilogram of the drugs. This concentration is high enough to trigger the development of resistance among bacteria. But vets are not treating the issue seriously. There is growing concern at the extent to which drugs, including antibiotics, are polluting the environment. Many drugs given to humans are also excreted unchanged ａｎｄ　are not broken down by conventional sewage treatment.【单选题】

A.They do not easily degrade ｏｒdissolve in water.

B.ａｎｄ　manure contains especiaily high levels of bugs that are resistant to antibiotics he says.

C.Animal antibiotics is still an area to which insufficient attention has been paid

D.But recent research has found a direct link between the increased use of these farmyard drugs ａｎｄ　the appearance of antibiotic-resistant bugs that infect people.

E.His findings are particularly shocking because Switzerlａｎｄ　is one of the few countries to have banned antibiotics as growth promoters in animal dead.

F.They could also be leaching into tap water pumped from rocks beneath fertilized fields.

正确答案:F

答案解析:选项F中的also 一词说明前面应讲到过一个类似的内容。这句讲的是这些药物可能从施过肥料的农田下面的岩石沥滤到自来水里去；前面一句讲的是受到这些药物污染的谷物被人食用，这两句讲的都是这些药物如何对人类造成威胁。

10、Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle event-flowering, the appearance of leaves, the first frog calls of the spring all around the world. But ecologists can\'t be everywhere so they\'re turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists, fｏｒhelp. Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world ａｎｄ　not enough scientists to observe all of them, they\'re asking fｏｒyour help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people too observe a very specific research interest-birds, trees, flowers budding, etc. ａｎｄ　send their observations to a giant ｄａｔａｂａｓｅ to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready fｏｒthe conditions where they live. All that\'s needed to become one is a few minutes each day ｏｒeach week to gather data ａｎｄ　send it in. Aｇｒｏｕｐof scientists ａｎｄ　educators launched an organization last year called the National Phenology Network. "Phenology" is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature. One of the group\'s first efforts relies on scientists ａｎｄ　non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering ａｎｄ　leafing every year. The program, called Project BudBurst, collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States. People participating in the project which is open to everyone record their observations on the Project BudBurst website. "People don\'t have to be plant experts, they just have to look around ａｎｄ　see what\'s in their neighborhood," says Jennifer Schwartz, an education consultant with the project. "As we collect this data, we\'ll be able to make an estimate of how plants ａｎｄ　communities of plants ａｎｄ　animals will respond as the climate changes. "What are citizen scientists asked to do?【单选题】

A.To develop a specific research interest ａｎｄ　become professional scientists.

B.To send their research observations to a professional ｄａｔａｂａｓｅ.

C.To increase their knowledge about climate change.

D.To keep a record of their research observations.

正确答案:B

答案解析:根据send their observations to a giant ｄａｔａｂａｓｅ to be observed by professional scientists可知。