2022年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理阅读理解分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、Outside-the-classroom Learning Makes a Big DifferencePutting a bunch of college students in charge of a $300,000 Dance Marathon, fundraiser surely sounds a bit risky. When you consider the fact that the money is supposed to be given to. Children in need of medical care, you might call the idea crazy.Most student leaders don\'t want to spend a large amount of time on something they care little about, said 22-year-old University of Florida student Darren Heitner. He was the Dance Marathon\'s operations officer fｏｒtwo years.Yvonne Fangmeyer, directｏｒof the student organization office at the University of Wisconsin, conducted a survey in February of students involved in campus organizations. She said the desire fｏｒfriendship was the most frequently cited reason fｏｒjoining.At large universities like Fangmeyer\'s, which has more than 40,000 students, the students, first of all, want to find a way to "belong in their own comer of campus".Katie Rowley, a Wisconsin senior, confirms the survey\'s findings. "I wanted to make the campus feel smaller by joining an organization where I could not only get involved on campus but also find aｇｒｏｕｐof friends. "All of this talk of friendship, however, does not mean that students aren\'t thinking about their resumes. "I think that a lot of people do join to \'fatten up their resume\'," said Heitner. "At the beginning of my college career, I joined a few of these organizations, hoping to get a start in my leadership roles. "But without passion student leaders can have a difficult time trying to weather the storms that come. Fｏｒexample, in April, several student organizations at Wisconsin teamed up fｏｒan event designed to educate students about homelessness ａｎｄ　poverty. Student leaders had to face the problem of solving disagreements, moving the event because of rainy weather, ａｎｄ　dealing with the university\'s complicated bureaucracy."Outside-of the classroom learning really makes a big difference," Fangmeyer said.American students join campus organizations mostly fｏｒ____.【单选题】

A.making a difference

B.gaining experience

C.building friendship

D.improving their resumes

正确答案:C

答案解析:答案可以从第三段找到。第三段是这么说的：威斯康星大学学生组织办公室主任Yvonne Fangmeyer在二月组织了一次学生参加校园组织的调查。她说，寻求友谊是最经常出现的理由。

2、Driving after drinkingThe legal ｌｉｍｉｔfｏｒdriving after drinking alcohol is 80 milligrams of alcohol in 100 millilitres of blood, when tested. But there is no sure way of telling how much you can drink before you reach this limit. It varies with each person depending on your weight, your sex, what you\'ve just eaten ａｎｄ　what sort of drinks you\'ve had. Some people might reach their ｌｉｍｉｔafter only about three standard drinks.In fact, your driving ability can be affected by just one ｏｒtwo drinks. Even if you\'re below the legal limit, you could still be taken to court if a police officer thinks your driving has been affected by alcohol.It takes about an hour fｏｒthe body to get rid of the alcohol in one standard drink. So, if you have a heavy drinking in the evening you might find that your driving ability is still affected the next morning, ｏｒyou could even find that you\'re still over the legal limit. In addition, if you\'ve had a few drinks at lunchtime, another one ｏｒtwo drinks in the early evening may well put you over the legal limit.In a test with professional drivers, the more alcoholic drinks they had had, the more certain they were that they could drive a test course through a ｓｅｔof movable posts…ａｎｄ　the less able they were to do it! So the only way to be sure you\'re safe is not to drink at all.Alcohol is a majｏｒcause of road traffic accidents. One in three of the drivers killed in road accidents have levels of alcohol which are over the legal limit, ａｎｄ　road accidents after drinking are the biggest cause of death among young men. More than half of the people stopped by the police to take a breath test have a blood alcohol concentration of more than twice the legal limit.It is important to remember that driving after you\'ve been drinking doesn\'t just affect you. If you\'re involved in an accident it affects a lot of other people as well, not least the person you might kill ｏｒinjure.Alcohol is the majｏｒcause of traffic accidents because____.【单选题】

A.more than 30％ road casualties are drink drivers

B.drinking affects people\'s mind ａｎｄ　emotion

C.about one-third drivers are used to drinking

D.young drivers are familiar among traffic victims

正确答案:B

答案解析:细节考查题。题干考查的是为什么酒精是交通事故的主要原因。文中多处提到喝酒会影响“driving ability”，故正确答案为B，其他三个选项并非题干的原因。

3、BaseballThere are people in Italy who can\'t stａｎｄ　soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn ｏｒeven frown when somebody mentions baseball. Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens. They tell you it\'s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet ａｎｄ　gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there\'s the sport that glorifies "the hit".By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent ａｎｄ　still. On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays ａｎｄ　close ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space ａｎｄ　time fｏｒinvolvement. The TV won\'t do it fｏｒyou.Take, fｏｒexample, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout ａｎｄ　you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms ｏｒbring the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right ｏｒleft, backward ｏｒforward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman\'s position. Suppose the pitch is a ball. "Nothing happened," you say. "I could have had my eyes closed".The skeptic ａｎｄ　the innocent must play the game. ａｎｄ　this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speed of the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood if football is a symphony of movement ａｎｄ　theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chores ａｎｄ　responses.We can safely conclude that the authｏｒ____.【单选题】

A.likes football

B.hates football

C.hates baseball

D.likes baseball

正确答案:D

答案解析:在本文中，作者主要探讨了垒球的特征及欣赏，作者着重指出的是： 只有根据垒球的特征来欣赏它，才能体会到它的魅力。在他看来，观察到垒球比赛中运动员的各种动作、垒球位之间的关系等是欣赏它的关键（第三段第二句）。只有从整体来把握它，才能看到每一个小的动作、每一个眼神乃至于“静止”的意义，也只有这样，才能全身心地投入比赛中，欣赏到它的魅力。可见，作者对垒球有很深的理解而且非常喜爱垒球。

4、Cooking Oil Fumes Cause TumorThe leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking, said medical experts after a fiveyear research study.Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer, They said patients are younger, especially women.According to the Shanghai Tumｏｒresearch Institute, more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else. Following breast cancer, it has the second-highest incidence rate."An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason fｏｒlung cancer," said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine TumｏｒDiagnosis ａｎｄ　Treatment Center.He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients fｏｒfive years. Among them, 1,433 were male.Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking ｏｒinhaling second-hａｎｄ　smoke, according to the report.However, more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term, close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking ａｎｄ　complained about irritated eyes ａｎｄ　throat.About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens ａｎｄ　about 25 percent of women\'s bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen.However, local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer. Some claimed they may change food preparation methods. "Unless my family ａｎｄ　I don\'t eat at home every day, I must stay in the kitchen to cook," said Xu Li, a 45-year-old local woman. "I know the fumes are bad fｏｒthe skin, but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less. "Doctors said women\'s lung cancer had few links to personal health ａｎｄ　physical condition, but was closely related to family cancer history, unhealthy dietary habits ａｎｄ　weak immune systems.Other experts agreed with him."Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer fｏｒmen," said Dr. Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University\'s Medical College. "It\'s true that second-hａｎｄ　smoke ａｎｄ　cooking fumes are the main causes among women. "His research also warned people not to stａｎｄ　near of stalls selling fried foods due to the poｏｒquality of oils used.The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume fｏｒa long time, experts said.What was the local women\'s reaction when they learned that cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer?【单选题】

A.Happy.

B.Surprised.

C.Angry.

D.Careless.

正确答案:B

答案解析:态度题。答案参见第九段第一句：However，local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer(妇女们知道厨房油烟可以致癌时都很惊讶）。故正确答案为B。

5、Human Heart Can Make New CellsSolving a longstanding (为时甚久的) mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues to generate new cardiac(心脏的 ) cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.The finding, published in the April 3 issue of Science, could open a new path fｏｒthe treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure ａｎｄ　heart attack, experts say."We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes (心肌细胞), are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen, a professｏｒof stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. "It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we are born with ｏｒif they could be renewed," he said.The process of renewing these cells changes over time, Frisen added. In a 20 - year - old, about I percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year, but the turnover (更替) rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75."If we can understａｎｄ　how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated, it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals (药物) that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after, fｏｒexample, a heart attack," Frisen said.That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts."A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure," noted co - authｏｒDr. Ratan Bhardwaj, also from the Karolinska Institute. "Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said.With this finding, scientists are "opening the doｏｒto potential therapies (疗法) to having ourselves heal ourselves." Bhardwaj said. "Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new ａｎｄ　more cells to overcome the problem they are facing. "But barriers remain. According to Bhardwaj, scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off, especially in older patients with heart failure. In addition, the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts-whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.The human heart stops producing cardiac cells ______.【单选题】

A.when a person becomes old

B.as soon as a person gets sick

C.immediately after a person is born

D.once a person dies

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要吃透原文句意，答案依据是文章第一段，谈到科学家发现人一生中心脏都会不停地制造新的心肌细胞，尽管新细胞产生的速度随年龄增长而放慢，换句话说，只有人死了，心脏才会停止制造心肌细胞，回来看选项，D项和原文句意相符，是答案。