2022年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、My life is more precious to me than my property. 【单选题】

A.Valuable

B.profitable

C.dear

D.noble

正确答案:A

答案解析:valuable除了意为“贵重的、有价值的”，它还有“重要的、具有重大意义的，和precious意思相同；profitable：有用的、有益的、有利可图的、可赚钱的；dear：亲爱的、昂贵的；noble:高尚的、崇高的。

2、Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in TeensWhile some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to "self-medicate" against the blues, scientists at the University of Toronto ａｎｄ　the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually increasedepressive symptoms in some teens."This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived emotional benefits of smoking among teens," says lead researcher Michael Chaiton, a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto." Although cigarettes may appear to have self-medicating effects ｏｒto improve mood, in the long term we found that teens who started to smoke reported higher depressive symptoms. "As part of the study, some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires about their use of cigarettes to affect mood. Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French ａｎｄ　English participants, urban ａｎｄ　rural schools, ａｎｄ　schools located in high, moderate ａｎｄ　low socioeconomic neighborhoods. Participants were divided into three groups: never smokers; smokers who did not use cigarettes to self-medicate, improve mood ｏｒphysical state; smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate. Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how felt too fired to do things: had ____ going to sleep ｏｒstaying asleep; felt unhappy, sad, ｏｒdepressed; felt hopeless about the future; felt vexed, antsy ｏｒtense; ａｎｄ　worried too much about things."Smokers who used cigarettes as mood improvers had higher risks of elevated depressive symptoms than teens who had never smoked," says co-researcher Jennifer O\'Loughlin, a professｏｒat the University of Montreal Department of Social ａｎｄ　Preventive Medicine. "Our study found that teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are at higher risk of developing depressive symptoms."The association between depression ａｎｄ　smoking exists principally among teens that use cigarettes to feel better. "It\'s important to emphasize that depressive symptom scores were higher among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke," says Dr. Chaiton.【单选题】

A.time

B.courage

C.energy

D.trouble

正确答案:D

答案解析:本段介绍了问卷包含的问题。作者罗列的问题都是负面的，如乏力、失眠、烦躁等，所以填入空格的词也应该是负面的。trouble符合这个要求，是本题的答案。

3、Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred YearsA hundred years ago, life expectancy in developed countries was about 47 in the early 21st century, men in the United States ａｎｄ　the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74. Women to about 80, ａｎｄ　these ages are rising all the time. What has brought about these changes? When we look at the life span of people 100 years ago, we need to look at the greatest killers of the time. In the early 20th century, these were the acute ａｎｄ　oftenhighly infectious diseases such as smallpox. Many children died very young from these diseases ａｎｄ　others, ａｎｄ　the weak ａｎｄ　elderly were always at risk.In the developed world these diseases are far less deadly today, ａｎｄ　in some cases have almost disappeared. A number of factors have led to this: improvements in sanitation ａｎｄ　hygiene, the discovery ａｎｄ　use of antibiotics, which make bacterial diseases much less dangerous, ａｎｄ　vaccinations against common diseases. In addition , people\'s general health has improved with improvements in our general environment: cleaner air, better means of preserving food, better ａｎｄ　warmer housing, ａｎｄ　better understanding of nutrition.Genetically, we should all be able to live to about 85 but while people do live longer today, there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age. The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses, such as heart disease ａｎｄ　strokes, ａｎｄ　those spread by viruses, such as influenza ａｎｄ　AIDS. Of course, cancer is a huge killer as well. In most cases these diseases affect ____ people, but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity leading to more heart disease ａｎｄ　illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.The killers today can be classed as "lifestyle diseases", which means that it may be possible to halt their progress.【单选题】

A.poor

B.weak

C.older

D.young

正确答案:C

答案解析:本句最后指出一些病越来越年轻化，所以此处应选择younger的反义词。

4、As he wanted to watch the tennis final of the Olympic Games, he left a pile of dishes unwashed in the kitchen.【单选题】

A.number

B.stack

C.group

D.crowd

正确答案:B

答案解析:a number of:大量的；a stack of: 一堆，和a pile of意思相同；agroup of: 一组、一群；a crowd of:很多的。

5、Why can\'t you stop your eternal complaining?【单选题】

A.long

B.everlasting

C.temporary

D.boring

正确答案:B

答案解析:你为什么不能停止无休无止的牢骚？本题难度不大，考察的是单词的基础含义，干扰项干扰不强，其他选项和答案意义差异较大，eternal指“永久的”，和everlasting“永久的，无休止的”是同义词，最佳答案是B。

6、Blasts from the Past1 Volcanoes were more destructive in ancient history. Not because they were bigger, but because the carbon they released wiped out life with greater ease.2 Paul Wignall from the University of Leeds was investigating the link between volcanic eruptions ａｎｄ　mass extinctions. Not all volcanic eruptions killed off large numbers of animals, but all the mass extinctions over the past 300. million years coincided with huge formations of volcanic rock. To his surprise, the older the massive volcanic eruptions were, the more damage they seemed to do.3 Wignall calculated the "killing efficiency" fｏｒthese volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. He found that size fｏｒsize, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.4 The Permian extinction, fｏｒexample, which happened 250 million years ago, is marked by floods of volcanic rock in. Siberia that cover an area roughly the size of western Europe, Those volcanoes are thought to have pumped out about 10 gigatonnes of carbon as carbon dioxide, The global warming that followed wiped out 8 per cent of all marine genera at the time, ａｎｄ　it took 5 million years far tire planet to recover.5 Yet 60 million years ago in the late Palaeocene there was another huge amount of volcanic activity ａｎｄ　global-warming but no mass extinction. Some animals did disappear but things returned to normal within ten thousands of years, "The most recent ones hardly have an effect at all," Wignall says. He ignored the extinction which wiped out the dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous, 65 million years ago, because many scientists believe it was primarily caused by the impact of an asteroid.6 Wignall thinks that older volcanoes had more killing power because more recent life forms were better adapted to dealing with increased levels of C02 Ocean chemistry may also have played a role. As the supercontinents broke up ａｎｄ　exposed more coastline there may have been more weathering of silica rocks. This would have encouraged the growth of phytoplankton in the oceans, increasing the amount of C02 absorbed from the atmosphere.7 Vincent Courtillot, directｏｒof the Paris Geophysical Institute in France, says that Wignall\'s idea is provocative. But he says it is incredibly hard to do these sorts of calculations. He points out that the killing power of volcanic eruptions depends on how long they fasted. ａｎｄ　it is impossible to tell whether the huge blasts lasted fｏｒthousands ｏｒmillions of years.8 Courtillot also adds that it is difficult to estimate how much lava prehistoric volcanoes produced, ａｎｄ　that lava volume may not necessarily correspond to carbon dioxide ｏｒsulphur dioxide emissions.The Permian extinction is used to illustrate____.【单选题】

A.than more recent ones

B.the killing efficiency fｏｒolder eruptions

C.has remained controversial

D.Wignall\'s calculations as acceptable

E.has been mown to us all

F.his ideas

正确答案:B

答案解析:the killing efficiency fｏｒolder eruptions:较早的火山爆发在灭绝生物方面的效率。填入后生成的句子意思是：二叠纪生物灭绝说明较早的火山喷发在灭绝生物方面的效率。这一点我们在对第三题做题解时已经提到。

7、Smart Window Windows not only let light in to cut down an electricity use fｏｒlighting, but the light coming through the window also provides heat. However, windows are not something people typically associate with being a cutting edge technology. Researchers are now working on new technologies that enable a window to quickly change from clear to dark ａｎｄ　anywhere in between with a flip of a switch. "It took us a long time to figure out what a window really is," says Claes Granqvist. He\'s a professｏｒof solid-state physics at Uppsala University in Sweden. "It\'s contact with the outside world. You have to have visual contact with the surrounding world to feel well. " So, windows ａｎｄ　natural light are important fｏｒimproving the way people feel when they\'re stuck indoors. Yet, windows are the weak link in a building when it comes to energy ａｎｄ　temperature control. In the winter, cold air leaks in. When it\'s hot ａｎｄ　sunny, sunlight streams in. All of this sunlight carries lots of heat ａｎｄ　energy. ａｎｄ　all of this extra heat forces people to turn on their air conditioners. Producing blasts of cold air, which can feel so refreshing, actually suck up enormous amounts of electricity in buildings around the world. Windows have been a majｏｒfocus of energy research fｏｒa long time. Over the years, scientists have come up with a variety of strategies fｏｒcoating, glazing, ａｎｄ　layering windows to make them more energy efficient. Smart windows go a step further. They use chromogenic technologies which involve changes of color. Electrochromic windows use electricity to change color. Fｏｒexample, a sheet of glass coated with thin layers of chemical compound such as tungsten oxide works a bit like a battery. Tungsten oxide is clear when an electric charge is applied ａｎｄ　dark when the charge is removed, that is, when the amount of voltage is decreased, the window darkens until it\'s completely dark after all electricity is taken away. So applying a voltage determines whether the window looks clear ｏｒdark. One important feature that makes a smart window so smart is that it has a sort of "memory. " All it takes is a small jolt of voltage to turn the window from one state to the other. Then, it stays that way. Transitions take anywhere from 10 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the size of the window. The development of smart windows could mean that massive air conditioning systems may no longer need. "In the future," Granqvist says, "our buildings may look different. When are windows the weak link in a building? 【单选题】

A. In the cold winter.

B.In the hot summer.

C.When air conditioners are turned on.

D.Both A ａｎｄ　B.

正确答案:D

答案解析:短文第三段的第一句说：windows are the weak link in a building，接下来是对这句话分寒冬和炎夏做了说明，所以D是正确选择。

8、PopulationThe advantages ａｎｄ　disadvantages of large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists. It has been argued that the supply of good lａｎｄ　is limited . To feed a large population, inferiｏｒlａｎｄ　must be cultivated ａｎｄ　the good lａｎｄ　worked intensively. ____. Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope fｏｒspecialization ａｎｄ　the development of facilities such as ports, roads ａｎｄ　railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demａｎｄ　to justify themOne of the difficulties in carrying out a worldwide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development ａｎｄ　the availability of food ａｎｄ　raw materials. In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space ａｎｄ　natural resources, concern of government to plane a ｌｉｍｉｔon the birth rate, whatever the consequences may be. In a highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex. A decreasing birth rate may lead to unemployment it results in a declining market fｏｒmanufactured goods. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline ａｎｄ　the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable ｏｒin decline.【单选题】

A.which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demａｎｄ　to justify them

B.It has been argued that the supply of good lａｎｄ　is limited

C.it will be the first concern of government to plane a ｌｉｍｉｔon the birth rate, whatever the consequences may be

D.Thus, each person produces less ａｎｄ　this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population

E.A small population may mean lower productivity, but a higher average income

F.because it results in a declining market fｏｒmanufactured goods

正确答案:D

答案解析:选项D中所说的“人均产出少”正是前文中“土地问题”的结果，更明确地说明了有限的土地和庞大的人口数量之间的矛盾。另外，该题也可以用排除法选出正确答案。

9、We had a long conversation about her parents.【单选题】

A.speech

B.question

C.talk

D.debate

正确答案:C

答案解析:关于她父母我们谈了很久。本题难度不大，考察的是基本意义，干扰项干扰不大。conversation和talk都有“谈话”的意思，是近义词，A项指“讲话”，D项指“辩论”，和答案意义差异大，最佳答案是C。

10、The motorcarSome pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned ａｎｄ　allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future.The motorcar will undoubtedly. change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, ａｎｄ　more economical, ａｎｄ　should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion. One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system.When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (可伸缩的) arm will ｄｒｅｐfrom the auto ａｎｄ　make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, ａｎｄ　control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitｏｒall of the car\'s movements.The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, ａｎｄ　reserve space fｏｒthe car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax ａｎｄ　wait fｏｒthe buzzer (蜂鸣器) that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway.What is the author\'s attitude toward the future of autos?【单选题】

A.Enthusiastic

B.Pessimistic

C.Optimistic

D.Cautious

正确答案:C

答案解析:从作者对计算机监控系统的使用来看，作者对自行车的前景是持乐观态度的，所以答案为C。