2022年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理补全短文分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、MemoriesMost episodes of absent-mindedness forgetting where you left something ｏｒwondering why you just entered a room are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter. "You are supposed to remember something, but you haven\'t encoded it deeply."____. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, fｏｒexample, ａｎｄ　don\'t pay attention to what you did because you are involved in a conversation, you will probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe. "Your memory itself isn\'t failing you," says Schacter. " Rather, you didn\'t give your memory system the information it needed. "Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. "A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago," says Zelinski, "may not remember to ｄｒｅｐa letter in the mailbox. " Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, ａｎｄ　memory relies on just that.Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness, says Sclnacter." But be sure the cue is clear ａｎｄ　available.,"he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table don\'t leave it in the medicine chest ａｎｄ　write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.Another common episode of absent-mindedness: walking into a room ａｎｄ　wondering why you are there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. "Everyone does this from time to time," says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, ａｎｄ　you will likely remember.【单选题】

A.Encoding, Schacter says, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a majｏｒimpact on recalling it later

B.Rather, you didn\'t give your memory system the information it needed

C.The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, ａｎｄ　you will likely remember

D.They are more interested in what\'s happening around them

E.But be sure the cue is clear ａｎｄ　available.

F.Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness

正确答案:A

答案解析:上一段的结尾提到了“编码”的问题，而空白处的后一句话同样有encode字样出现，那么很有可能需要填入的句子也是关于encode的。选项中只有A符合要求。所选句给encoding下了定义，是这一段的主题句。该句中包含一个定语从句，引导词that指代的是way，it指代的是event。

2、Mobile PhonesMobile phones should carry a label if they proved to be a dangerous source of radiation, according to Robert Bell, a scientist. ａｎｄ　no more mobile phone transmitter towers should be build until the long-term health effects of the electromagnetic radiation they emit is scientifically evaluated, he said. "Nobody\'s going to ｄｒｅｐdead overnight but we should be asking fｏｒmore scientific information," Robert Bell said at a conference on the health effects of low-level radiation. “If mobile phones are found to be dangerous, they should carry a warning label until proper shields can be devised,” he said.A report widely circulated among the public says that up to now scientists do not really know enough to guarantee there are no ill effects on humans from electromagnetic radiation. According to Robert Bell, there are 3.3 million mobile phones in Australia alone ａｎｄ　they are increasing by 2,000 a day. By the year 2000 it is estimated that Australia will have 8 million mobile phones: nearly one fｏｒevery two people.As well, there are 2,000 transmitter towers around Australia, many in high density residential areas. Fｏｒexample, Telstra, Optus ａｎｄ　Videophone build their towers where it is geographically suitable to them ａｎｄ　disregard the need of the community. The electromagnetic radiation emitted from these towers may have already produced some harmful effects on the health of the residents nearby.Robert Bell suggests that until more research is completed the Government should ban construction of phone towers from within a 500 metre radius of school grounds, child care centres, hospitals, sports playing fields ａｎｄ　residential areas with a high percentage of children. He says there is emerging evidence that children absorb low-level radiation at a rate more than three times that of adults. He adds that there is also evidence that if cancer sufferers are subjected to electromagnetic waves the growth rate of the disease accelerates.____ According to Robert Bell, it is reasonable fｏｒthe majｏｒtelephone companies to fund it. Besides, he also urges the Government to ｓｅｔup a wide ranging inquiry in to possible health effects.【单选题】

A.He says there is emerging evidence that children absorb low-level radiation at a rate more than three times that of adults.

B.By the year 2000 it is estimated that Australia will have 12 million mobile phones: nearly one fｏｒevery two people.

C.“If mobile phones are found to be dangerous, they should carry a warning label until proper shields can be devised,”he said.

D.Then who finances the research?

E.Fｏｒexample, Telstra, Optus ａｎｄ　Videophone build their towers where it is geographically suitable to them ａｎｄ　disregard the need of the community.

F.The conclusion is that mobile phones bring more harm than benefit.

正确答案:D

答案解析:后一句说的是majｏｒtelephone companies出钱资助研究项目的问题，提示了D是正确答案。

3、Musical Training Can Improve Communication Skills American scientists say musical training seems to improve communication skills ａｎｄ　language retardation. They found that developing musical skills involves the same process in the brain as learning how to speak. The scientists believe that could help children with learning disabilities. Nina Kraus is a neurobiologist at Northwestern University in Illinois. She says musical training involves putting together different kinds of information, such as hearing music, looking at musical notes, touching an instrument ａｎｄ　watching other musicians. This process is not much different from learning how to speak. Both involve different senses. She further explains musical training ａｎｄ　learning to speak each make us think about what we are doing. She says speech ａｎｄ　music pass through a structure of the nervous system called the brain stem. The brain stem controls our ability to hear. Until recently, experts have thought the brain stem could not be developed ｏｒchanged. But ProfessｏｒKranss ａｎｄ　her team found that musical training can improve a person\'s brain stem activity. The study involved individuals with different levels of musical ability. They were asked to wear an electrical device that measures brain activity. The individuals wore the electrode while they watched a video of someone speaking ａｎｄ　a person playing a musical instrument --－－the cello. ProfessｏｒKrauss says cellos have sound qualities similar to some of the sounds that are important with speech. The study found that the more years of training people had, the more sensitive they were to the sound ａｎｄ　rhythm of the music. Those who were involved in musical activities were the same people in whom the improvement of sensory events was the strongest. ____ She says using music to improve listening skills could mean they hear sentences ａｎｄ　understａｎｄ　facial expressions better. 【单选题】

A.Both involve different senses.

B.Nina Kraus is a neurobiologist at Northwestern University in Illinois.

C.Some disabled children attended the musical training Class.

D.It shows the importance of musical training to children with learning disabilities.

E.ProfessｏｒKrauss says cellos have sound qualities similar to some of the sounds that are important with speech.

F.The brain stem controls our ability to hear.

正确答案:D

答案解析:最后一段介绍音乐训练的方法和结果，以及对学习的关联和影响。选项D表达的意思是音乐训练的结果和对学习上有障碍的儿童所产生的正面影响，意思与其前后两句的意思完全配合，D是答案。

4、The Value of MotherhoodIn shopping malls, the assistants try to push you into buying "a gift to thank her fｏｒher unselfish love". When you log onto a website, a small pop-up invites you to book a bouquet fｏｒher. Commercial warmth ａｎｄ　gratitude are the atmosphere being spread around fｏｒthis special Sunday in May.____ The popularity of Mother\'s Day around the world suggests that Jarvis got all she wanted. In fact, she got more enough to make her horrified.According to a research by the US card company Hallmark, 96 percent of American consumers celebrate the holiday. They buy, among other things, 132 million cards. Mother\'s Day is the No. 1 holiday fｏｒflower purchases. Then there are the various commodities, ranging from jewelry ａｎｄ　clothes to cosmetics ａｎｄ　washing powder that take advantage of the promotion opportunities. Because of this, Jarvis spent the last 40 years of her life trying to stop Mother\'s Day. One protest against the commercialization of Mother\'s Day even got her arrested fｏｒdisturbing the peace, interestingly.But what\'s more, commercialism changes young people\'s attitude towards motherhood. As Ralph Fevre, a reporter at the UK newspaper The Guardian, observe, traditionally "motherhood is something that we do because we think it\'s right." But in the logic of commercialism, people need something in exchange fｏｒtheir time ａｎｄ　energy. A career serves this purpose better.being encouraged to pursue any career they desire. So they work hard ａｎｄ　play hard. Becoming a mother, however, inevitably handicaps career anticipation.motherhood has suffered a huge ｄｒｅｐin status since the 1950s. According to the Guardian, there are twice as many child-free young women as there were a generation ago. Or, they put off the responsibility of parenting until later in their lives.So, Fevre writes that the meaning of celebrating Mother\'s Day needs to be updated: "It is to persuade people that parenting is a good idea ａｎｄ　to honｏｒpeople fｏｒtheir attempt to be good people."【单选题】

A.The American version of Mother\'s Day was thought up as early as 1905, by Anna Jarvis, as a way of recognizing the real value of motherhood.

B.But what\'s more, commercialism changes young people\'s attitude towards motherhood.

C.Obviously, the best girl will be a phone call ｏｒa visit.

D.According to a research by the US card company Hallmark, 96 percent of American consumers celebrate the holiday.

E.As a result, motherhood has suffered a huge ｄｒｅｐin status since the 1950s.

F.In addition, women are being encouraged to pursue any career they desire.

正确答案:A

答案解析:第一段主要讲笼罩着母亲节的商业气氛，如服务员让你买一件礼物送给你的母亲，表示你感谢她无私的爱等。从语气上可以看出，作者对用商业手段表达母爱是反对的。第二段的第二个句子中有Anna Jarvis这个人的名字。最后一个句子是这么说的： In fact， she got more enough to make her horrified. 事实上，她得到的还要多，多得使她感到可怕。从内容的衔接来看，Anna Jarvis在前面很可能出现过。在多有的选项中只有A出现了这个名字，因此A是对的。

5、SemcoAt 21, Ricardo Semler became boss of his father-s business in Brazil, Semco, which sold parts fｏｒships. Semler Juniｏｒworked like a madman, from 7:30 am. , until midnight every day. One afternoon, while touring a factory in New York, he collapsed. The doctｏｒwho treated him said, "There\'s nothing wrong with you. But if you continue like this, you\'ll find a new home in our hospital." Semler got the message. He changed the way he worked. In fact, he changed the way his employees worked too.He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong. He allowed them to ｓｅｔtheir own salaries, ａｎｄ　he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary, like receptionists ａｎｄ　secretaries. This saved money ａｎｄ　brought more equality to the company. "Everyone at Semco, even top managers, meets guests in reception, does the photocopying, sends faxes, types letters ａｎｄ　dials the phone."He completely reorganized the office, instead of walls, they have plants at Semco, so bosses can\'t shut themselves away from everyone else. ａｎｄ　the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want. As fｏｒuniforms, some people wear suits ａｎｄ　others wear T - shirts.Semler says, "We have a sales manager named Rubin Agater who sits there reading the newspaper hour after hour. He doesn\'t even pretend to be busy. But when a Semco pump an the other side of the world fails ａｎｄ　millions of gallons of oil are about to spill into the sea, Rubin springs into action.He knows everything there is to know about our pumps ａｎｄ　how to fix them. That\'s when he earns his salary. No one cares if he doesn\'t look busy the rest of the time."Semco has flexible working hours, the employees decide when they need to arrive at work, The employees also evaluate their bosses twice a year. Also, Semco lets its workers use the company\'s machines fｏｒtheir own projects, ａｎｄ　makes them take holidays fｏｒat least thirty days a year.It sounds perfect, but does it work? The answer is in the numbers. In the last six years, Semco\'s revenues have gone from $ 35 million to $ 212 million. The company has grown from eight hundred employees to 3,000, Why?Semler says it\'s because of "peer pressure". Peer pressure makes everyone work hard fｏｒeveryone else. ____ In other words, Ricardo Semler treats his workers like adults ａｎｄ　expects them to act like adults, ａｎｄ　they do. 【单选题】

A.Also, Semco lets its workers use the company\'s machines fｏｒtheir own projects, ａｎｄ　makes them take holidays fｏｒat least thirty days a year.

B.Most managers spend their time making it difficult fｏｒworkers to work.

C.This saved money ａｎｄ　brought more equality to the company.

D.ａｎｄ　the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want.

E.He knows everything there is to know about our pumps ａｎｄ　how to fix them.

F.If someone isn\'t doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue.

正确答案:F

答案解析:本题的难度不大，因为已经剩下两个选项，采用排除法和代入法，能很快确定答案。可以分别把B，F两项代入文章里，可以发现，B可以排除掉，而F完全符合上下文句意，前一句谈到了同事之间的心理压力会让每个人都为了别人而努力工作，F是对这一句的进一步阐述，所以答案是F。