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2022年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理概括大意与完成句子分析5道练习题,附答案解析,供您备考练习。
1、Keeping Cut Flowers1 While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around his house, few people know how to keep them foras long as possible. This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple fact. 2 An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature. Forexample, studies have shown that cut carnations (康乃馨) retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12℃ than when kept at 26℃. Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of flower care. 3 Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long. Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds orinsects, such as bees, forpollination (粉). After that, they quickly dry up and die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide, called respiration, generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and color. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all giving things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A result of all this respiration is heat, and forflowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high. Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies. 4 How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration. How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature. We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true. Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly. 5 Another vital factorin keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to "drink" water that is dirty orotherwise polluted. Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach (含氯漂白剂) can be used in small quantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach (at 4% solution) be added to each liter of water. The water and solution should also be replaced each day. Respiration plays a key role____. 【单选题】
A.by keeping its original shape and color
B.in the life ofthe cut flower
C.to produce carbon dioxide
D.foras long as possible
E.by controlling temperature
F.to replace the water and solution every day
正确答案:B
答案解析:本题其实与上面第24题意思相似,都是在说呼吸的作用。通过对第24题的分析我们知道呼吸在花朵一生中起到了重要作用,选项B符合题意,故选B。
2、Keeping Cut Flowers1 While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around his house, few people know how to keep them foras long as possible. This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple fact. 2 An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature. Forexample, studies have shown that cut carnations (康乃馨) retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12℃ than when kept at 26℃. Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of flower care. 3 Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long. Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds orinsects, such as bees, forpollination (粉). After that, they quickly dry up and die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide, called respiration, generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and color. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all giving things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A result of all this respiration is heat, and forflowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high. Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies. 4 How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration. How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature. We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true. Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly. 5 Another vital factorin keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to "drink" water that is dirty orotherwise polluted. Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach (含氯漂白剂) can be used in small quantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach (at 4% solution) be added to each liter of water. The water and solution should also be replaced each day. The aging of cut flowers can be slowed down____. 【单选题】
A.by keeping its original shape and color
B.in the life ofthe cut flower
C.to produce carbon dioxide
D.foras long as possible
E.by controlling temperature
F.to replace the water and solution every day
正确答案:E
答案解析:本题的答案可以在第4段最后一句中找到,把选项E填入空格中,该题几乎是第4段最后一句的完整重现,故选E。
3、English and English Community1 There is no doubt that English is a useful language. The people who speak English today make up the largest speech community in the world with the exception of speakers of Chinese. 2 A speech community is similar to other kinds of communities. The people who make up the community share a common language. Often they live side by side, as they do in a neighborhood, a village, ora city. More often they form a whole country. National boundaries, however, are not always the same as the boundaries of a speech community. A speech community is anygroupof people who speak the same language no matter where they happen to live. 3 We may say that anyone who speaks English belongs to the English speech community. Forconvenience, we may divide the speakers into two groups: one in which the speakers use English as their native language, the other in which the speakers learn English as a second language forthe purpose of education, commerce, and so on. 4 Learning a second language extends one\'s vision and expands the mind. The history and literature of a second language record the real and fictional lives of people and their culture; a knowledge of them adds to our ability to understand and to feel as they feel. Learning English as asecond language provides another means of communication through which the window of the entire English speech community becomes a part of our heritage. Overall there are more speakers of Chinese than of____. 【单选题】
A.a second language
B.the same language
C.the same speech community
D.any other language
E.national boundaries
F.a part ofone\'s heritage
正确答案:D
答案解析:从文章第1段可知,说汉语的人比说任何其他语言的人都要多。
4、What Do Dreams Tell Us?Why do we dream? Do dreams have meanings? These are questions which have troubled man forthousands of years. The oldest surviving book on the interpretation of dreams is Egyptian and is nearly 4,000 years old. In ancient Greece, it was thought that people who were ill could be cured by telling their dreams. They would relate their dreams to their doctors who would tell them what they meant and then give them medicine to make them well. The ancient Chinese believed that if a pregnant woman dreamed of a bear, she would have a son, and if she dreamed of a snake, she would have a daughter. There are many stories about dreams foretelling (预言) the future.We certainly do not now believe that dreams foretell the future. Most scientists believe that dreams are based on events in our own life and on our feelings. The events are usually very recent, mostly within the last two days. Our emotions, on the other hand our wishes, hopes and fears may go back many years, even to early childhood.In a dream, events are altered. A dream may contain parts of many real-life events. Most importantly, something that cannot be shown directly may be shown indirectly. Forexample, you might dream of driving a large car. This could mean not that you want to have a larger car, but that you desire power, and maybe you want to control other people. Again, you may dream that you are an actorin a play. The play is about to start, but you have completely forgot your lines. This dream may seem strange because you are not interested in acting, and you never want to be in a play. But the dream may mean that you have some other problem that you feel is too difficult foryou to solve.Psychologists believe that dreams may be helpful to us. Indeed, people who have been allowed to sleep in experiments, but not allowed to dream, have become anxious and restless. and when they are later allowed to sleep as much as they like, they dream more than ever to make us forthe lost "dream time". Paragraph 1 ______.【单选题】
A.Structure and interpretation of a dream
B.Ancient views on dreams
C.Babies dream less than older children
D.Dreaming may be good forour health
E.Dreams can not foretell the future
F.Healthy people do not dream
正确答案:B
答案解析:第一段主题句为第三句:These are questions which have troubled man forthousands of years. 这些问题已经困扰了人类几千年。段中则分别提到了古代埃及、希腊和中国对梦的理解。而B选项Ancient views on dreams(古人对梦的观点)与其意思一致,故B为正确答案。
5、A Star Is Born1 The VLT (Very Large Telescope) is the world\'s largest telescope and is taking astronomers further back to the Big Bang than they ever thought possible. Located 2,600 meters up to the Chilean Andes, it has four huge mirrors, each about the size of a London bus. The VLT is so powerful it can spot a burning match 10, 000 kilometers away. 2 This astonishing power will allow astronomers to see events in space from the birth of stars to the collision of galaxies on the edge of the cosmos. The VLT is giving astronomers their best ever view of the cosmos. The power of the VLT to see the smallest detail at the furthest distances makes its designers amazed. 3 Take the case of Eta Carinae, one of the most explosive stars in the universe. This star produces ultraviolet laser rays (紫外线) and it will destroy itself in a few million years\' time. It is five times brighter than the sun and when it explodes it is going to be a sight worth waiting for. 4 But it is at distances of millions, even billions, of light years that the VLT really shows its power. The VLT can detect light that setout on its journey before the earth even existed. This gives astronomers their first ever detailed views of events that took place in the earliest days of the cosmos. 5 In other words, the VLT is a kind of a time machine. It takes astronomers back to a time when complete galaxies crashed into each other. The effects of these past collisions can now be seen by scientists, and astronomers believe the telescope will reveal more about these exciting events in the years to come. One day, we might be able to say we have traveled back to the beginning of time, and we will have a much clearer picture of how our planet was born. Paragraph 2____【单选题】
A.Events That Took place Before the Earth Existed
B.Power of the Telescope
C.Details of Eta Carinae
D.Invention of a Time Machine
E.Biggest Telescope
F.Ultraviolet Laser Rays
正确答案:B
答案解析:文章第2段主要介绍了LTV的功能有多大,故B为正确答案。
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