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2022年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理历年真题5道练习题,附答案解析,供您备考练习。
1、Shopping at Second - hand Clothing StoresWhen 33 year old Pete Barth was in college, shopping at second hand clothing stores was just something he did- "like changing the tires on his car." He looked at his budget and decided he could save a lot of money by shopping forclothes at thrift shops."Even new clothes are fairly disposable (用后即丢掉的) and wear out after a couple of years," Barth said. "In thrift shops, you can find some great stuff whose quality is better than new clothes."Since then, Barth, who works at a Goodwill thrift shop in the US state of Florida, has found that there are all kinds of reasons forshopping forsecond - hand clothing. Some people, like him, shop to save money. Some shop fora crazy - looking shirt. and some shop as a mean conserving energy and helping the environment.Pat Akins, an accountant at a Florida Salvation Army (SA) (救世军) thrift shop, said that, forher, shopping at thrift shops is a way to help the environment."When my daughter was little, we looked at it as recycling," Akins said. "Also, why pay 30 dollars fora new coat when you can get another one fora lot less?"Akins said that the SA has shops all over the US- "some as big as department stores. All of the clothes are donated (捐赠), and when they have a surplus (盈余), they\'ll have" stuff a bag" specials, where customers can fill a grocery sack with clothes foronly 5 or10 dollars.Julia Slocum, 22, points out, however, that the huge amount of second - hand clothing in the US is the result of American wastefulness."I\'d say that second - hand stores are the result of our wasteful, materialistic culture," said Slocum, who works fora pro - conservation organization, the center of a New American Dream. "Thrift shops prevent that waste from going to landfills (垃圾填埋场). They give clothing a second life, provide cheaper clothing forthose who can\'t afford to buy new ones and generate (创造) income forcharities. They also provide a way forthe wealthy and middle classes to shed (摆脱) the guilt fortheir level of consumption.Which statement about Barth is NOT true? ______【单选题】
A.He is 33 years old now.
B.He works at a Goodwill thrift shop.
C.He works at a Salvation Army thrift shop.
D.He was a college student many years ago.
正确答案:C
答案解析:本题难度较大,需要认真阅读文章,做出判断。认真阅读文章前三段。第一段第一句谈到了作者大学期间经常逛二手服装店,第三段第一句话谈到了作者在Goodwill旧货店工作,可以推断A,B,D项正确,所以答案是C。
2、One Good Reason to Let Smallpox LiveIt\'s now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction (灭绝) of the smallpox (天花) virus. When smallpox was completely got rid of in the world, scientists wanted to destroy the killer virus in the last two labs, one in the US and one in Russia. They asked: If smallpox has truly gone from the planet, _____ point was there in keeping these reserves?In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let go of such a powerful potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials (小药瓶). and the last "official" stocks of live Virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia, forno obvious gain.Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way fortests on new treatments and vaccines(疫苗). So once again there\'s a good reason to the virus, just in keep the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we case with the mistrust of the US and Russia? deal. Keep the virus Simple international support in a well - guarded UN laboratory that\'s open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it with a multilateral (多边的) approach to just about everything. But it doesn\'t mean the idea is rejects. If the virus is useful, then let\'s wrong it the servant of all humanity make not just a part of it.【单选题】
A.which
B.that
C.this
D.what
正确答案:D
答案解析:本题有一定难度,考查what point的用法,干扰项有一定的干扰。what point,固定搭配,指“什么意义”,可引导问句,文章此处是说“科学家说如果天花真的在这个星球上消失了,保留这些储备病毒的还有什么意义?”答案是D。
3、Walking to Exercise the BrainDo you think sitting and studying all the time will improve students grades? Think again. Getting some exercise may help, too.New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didn\'t exercise.Previous research had shown that mice learn, remember and pay attention better after a few weeks of working out on a running wheel. Mice that exercise have greater blood flow to the brain than those who don\'t. Their brain cells also make more connections.Neuroscientists (神经科学家) from the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign wanted to find out if the same thing is true forpeople. First, they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults, ages 58 to 77, after each person walked I mile. Then, participants looked at arrows on a computer screen and had to use computer keys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing.Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task, and their answers were just as accurate as their less - fit peers, the researchers found. The fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of their brain responsible forpaying attention and making decisions.In a second study, 15 elderly people who completed a 6 - month aerobic - training (有氧运动) course were faster at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching and toning (韵律操) exercises forthe same amount of time.So, even going fora walk every 2 or3 days forjust 10 to 45 minutes can help. That should be good news forthe elderly.The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people haven\'t been studied yet. Still, it can\'t hurt to take occasional breaks and go fora walk orrun around with friends. Whatever you do, though, don\'t try to read and walk at the same time. You could end up hurting yourself!It is suggested in the last paragraph that people should ______.【单选题】
A.run around once a week
B.not read and walk at the same time
C.go fora walk every day
D.not hurt their friends while exercising
正确答案:B
答案解析:本题难度不大,找到答案依据不难。答案依据在最后一段点评:本题难度不大,找到答案依据不难。第三句。这句话谈到。不论你做什么,都不要一边走路一边看书,回来看选项,很明显,B是同义解释,是答案。
4、Arctic MeltEarth\'s North and South Poles are famous forbeing cold and icy. Last year, however, the amount of ice in the Arctic Ocean (北冰群) fell to a record low.Normally, ice builds in Arctic waters around the North Pole each winter and shrinks(缩小) during the summer. But formany years, the amount of ice left by the end of summer has been declining.Since 1979, each decade has seen an 11.4 percent drepin end of summer ice cover. Between 1981 and 2000, ice in the Arctic lost 22 percent of its thickness, becoming 1.13 meters thinner.Last summer, Arctic sea ice reached its thinnest levels. By the end of summer 2007, the ice had shrunk to cover just 4.2 million square kilometers. That\'s 38 percent less area than the average cover at that time of year. and it\'s a very large 23 percent below the previous record low, which was setjust 2 years ago. This continuing trend has made scientists concerned to.There may be several reasons forthe ice melt, says Jinlun Zhang, an oceanographer (海洋学家)at the University of Washington in Seattle. Unusually strong winds blew through the Arctic last summer. The winds pushed much of the ice out of the central Arctic, leaving a large area of thin ice and open water.Scientists also suspect that fewer clouds cover the Arctic now than in the past. Clearer skies allow more sunlight to reach the ocean. The extra heat warms both the water and the atmosphere. In parts of the Arctic Ocean last year, surface temperatures were 3.57 Celsius warmer than the average and 1.5c warmer than the previous record.With both air and water getting warmer, the ice is melting from both above and below. In some parts of the Beaufort Sea, north of Alaska and western Canada, ice that measured 3.3 meters thick at the beginning of the summer was measured just 50 cm by season\'s endThe new measurements suggest that melting is far more severe than the thinking of scientists. Some scientists fear that the Arctic is stuck in a warming trend.What may be some of the reasons forthe ice melt in the Arctic? ______【单选题】
A.Unusually strong winds and clearer skies.
B.Heavy clouds and light winds.
C.Longer summers and shorter winters.
D.Thin ice and open water.
正确答案:A
答案解析:本题有一定的难度,但答案依据还是比较明显,不过跨越了两个段落,文章第五段谈到去年有强风刮过北极,第六段谈到科学家怀疑云层少了,所以答案是A。
5、Would you please call my husband as soon as possible?【单选题】
A.visit
B.phone
C.consult
D.invite
正确答案:B
答案解析:麻烦您尽快给我丈夫打个电话好吗?本题难度不大,考查的是引申意义,call和phone做动词用,引申意义都有“打电话”的意思,是近义词,其他选项都是常用词汇,和答案意义差异大,最佳答案是B。
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