2022年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、Acceptance of Chronic IllnessFｏｒchronically ill patients, giving up the hope that they will get better may actually lead to more happiness, U. S. researchers suggest."Hope is an important part of happiness, but there\'s a dark side of hope. Sometimes, if hope makes people put off getting on with their life, it can get in the way of happiness," Dr. Peter A. Ubel from the University of Michigan Health System said in a university news release.He ａｎｄ　his colleagues studied patients who\'d just had a colostomy (结肠造口术), which means their colons (结肠) were removed ａｎｄ　they had to have bowel (肠) movements in a pouch (小袋) outside the body. At the time of the surgery, some patients were told the procedure was reversible ａｎｄ　they\'d have a second operation in a few months to reconnect their bowels. Other patients were told the colostomy was permanent.The patients were followed fｏｒsix months, ａｎｄ　the researchers found that those without hope of regaining normal bowel function were happier than those with reversible colostomies."We think they were happier because they got on with their life. They realized the cards they were dealt, ａｎｄ　recognized that they had no choice but to play with those cards," Ubel said. "The otherｇｒｏｕｐwas waiting fｏｒtheir colostomy to be reversed. They contrasted their current life with the life they hoped to lead, ａｎｄ　didn\'t make the best of their current situation. "The study, published in the November edition of Health Psychology, also may explain why people whose spouse dies often recover better emotionally over time than those who get divorced, the researchers said.That\'s because people whose husbａｎｄ　ｏｒwife dies have closure (结束), while those who get divorced may still have hope fｏｒsome chance of making up, they explained.The otherｇｒｏｕｐwas not as happy because ______.【单选题】

A.they accepted their current situation

B.they were anxious to get better

C.they missed their previous life

D.they refused to play cards

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要吃透原文句意。答案依据比较明显，在文章第五段最后一句．谈到，不开心的第一组病人总是把现在的生活和他们想要的生活进行比较，没有很好地适应现在的生活。换句话说，他们很渴望早日恢复。回来看选项，B项和原文句意相符，是答案。

2、Intellectual DisabilityPeople with intellectual disability form one of the largest single disability groups in a community. Intellectual disability refers to a general slowness to learn ａｎｄ　function within society, ａｎｄ　the identification of intellectual disability is usually based on an assessment of a person\'s performance in a variety of tests. An individual\'s level of performance, as assessed, can change with time ａｎｄ　circumstances. With skilled training ａｎｄ　opportunity fｏｒdevelopment, people with intellectual disability have much greater potential fｏｒacquiring skills ａｎｄ　fｏｒparticipation in community life than previously had been thought possible.In many western societies, five categories of intellectual disability have traditionally been used in ｏｒｃｅｒto indicate the perceived degree of difficulty an individual has with learning. All five may occur in either children, adolescent ｏｒadult, ａｎｄ　show as mild, moderate, severe, profound ｏｒmultiple intellectual disability.Fｏｒthe majority of intellectual disabilities, there is no identifiable cause but there are some causes that are well documented. They include: brain damage at birth due to lack of oxygen—prolonged labｏｒduring childbirth； brain damage before birth due to factors such as rubella (风疹), drug ｏｒdiet-related problems； damage after birth due to illnesses such as encephalitis(脑膜炎) ｏｒaccident； hereditary defects in the genes； abnormal chromosome count resulting in, fｏｒexample, Down Syndrome(唐氏综合症).Like everyone else, people with an intellectual disability need a rewarding job, a satisfying place to live ａｎｄ　a good social life. But they may need extra support to achieve these things. Good support services are based on the principle of normalization—which means enabling people to be part of the community like everyone else,With the introduction of the intellectually disabled into communities, there is a need to promote awareness of communication. Although many people may have little experience in talking with an intellectually disabled person, there are common guidelines that can simplify the interaction. Firstly, it is useful to remember that people with disabilities have feelings. Speaking in the same friendly manner as you would to anyone else is also recommended. Being prepared to wait a little longer fｏｒreplies during a conversation with an intellectually disabled person would undoubtedly benefit the exchange.Paragraph l____.【单选题】

A.What do people with an intellectual disability need

B.What is intellectual disability

C.How do people with an intellectual disability talk

D.What are the forms of intellectual disability

E.What causes intellectual disability

F.How do you talk to a person with an intellectual disability

正确答案:B

答案解析:第一段没有主题句，该段主要介绍了智力障碍的定义以及随着时间和环境的变化，患者的智力也会出现一些变化。由此推断，该段回答了B选项“What is intellectual disability?”所提问题，故B为正确答案。

3、Parkinson\'s Disease1. Parkinson\'s disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine(多巴胺). Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly ａｎｄ　do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson\'s, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, ａｎｄ　you have trouble moving the way you want to.2. No one knows fｏｒsure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look fｏｒthe answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging ａｎｄ　poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson\'s disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited.3. Tremｏｒ(颤抖) may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. Tremｏｒoften starts in just one arm ｏｒleg ｏｒonly on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm ｏｒleg. It may get better when you move the limb ｏｒyou are asleep. In time, Parkinson\'s affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing ｏｒconstipation(便秘) . In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinson\'s may have a fixed ｏｒblank expression, trouble speaking, ａｎｄ　other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills.4. At this time, there is no cure fｏｒParkinson\'s disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms ａｎｄ　make the disease easier to live with. You may not even need treatment if your symptoms are not obvious. Your doctｏｒmay wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctｏｒwill adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results.Paragraph 2 ______【单选题】

A.Tips fｏｒPatients with the Disease

B.Common Treatment fｏｒthe Disease

C.Means of Diagnosis of the Disease

D.Typical Symptoms of the Disease

E.Possible Causes of the Disease

F.Definition of Parkinson\'s Disease

正确答案:E

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要认真寻找段落主旨句，段落主旨句是本段的第三句，谈到科学家在研究包括老龄化和环境毒素在内的多种原因，回来看选项，E项Possible Causes of the Disease，导致帕金森病的可能原因，简单概括了本段主要意思，是答案。

4、Nurse! I Want My MummyWhen a child is ill in hospital, a parent\'s first reaction is to be with them.Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep overnight with their child, providing a bed ｏｒsofa on the ward.But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon (不赞同) — it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children would be upｓｅｔwhen their parents left, ａｎｄ　so there was a blanket (通用的) ban.A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed ａｎｄ　her study "Nurse, I want my mummy!" published in 1974, changed the face "paediatric (儿科的) nursing.Martin Johnson, a professｏｒof nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care."Pamela\'s study was done against the background of a lively debate in paediatrics ａｎｄ　psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world ａｎｄ　the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in ____.""The idea was that if mum came to visita small child in hospital the child would be upｓｅｔａｎｄ　inconsolable (无法安慰的) fｏｒhours. ""Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. ""Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was ever coming back.""To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit.""But children were alone ａｎｄ　depressed, so Hawthorn said parents should be allowed to visit."Dr. Peter Carter, chief executive ａｎｄ　general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal (开创性的)."Her research put an end to the days when parents handed their children over to strangers at the doｏｒof the hospital ward.""As a result of her work, parents are now recognized as partners in care ａｎｄ　are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children while they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents\' ａｎｄ　children\'s experience of care." 【单选题】

A.hospital

B.family

C.group

D.school

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，考查词义辨析，干扰项干扰不大，可以先看选项得到信息提示。文章此处是说“……允许父母去探望他们在医院的孩子”，答案是A。

5、 Happiness If your sense of well-being fluctuates with stock market, you might be comforted to know that money can\'t buy you happiness anyway. In one American study conducted in 1993, level of income was shown to have an inverse relation to happiness: Theｇｒｏｕｐwhose income had declined was happier overall than theｇｒｏｕｐwhose income had increased. A soon-to-be published review of the hundreds of studies on this subject supports the 1993 findings. In developed countries, the correlation between income ａｎｄ　happiness is close to zero ａｎｄ　sometimes negative. With a correlation between level of income ａｎｄ　happiness somewhere between 0.12 ａｎｄ　0.18, the United States is near the bottom of the list； that factors other than income are overwhelmingly more important in explaining happiness. Also, as our material wealth increases, the gap between income ａｎｄ　satisfaction with life seems to be widening. Predictably, money has its most positive effect on the poor, but once a person has achieved a minimal standard of living level of income has almost nothing to do with happiness. Close relationship, rather than money, is the key to happiness. Indeed, the number of one\'s personal friends is a much better indicatｏｒof overall satisfaction with life than personal wealth. One stands a better chance of achieving a satisfying life by spending time with friends ａｎｄ　family than by striving fｏｒhigher income. Incidentally, in the US, as people become richer, the probability of divorce increases. Our need fｏｒcompanionship is partly biological. All primates respond with pleasure to demonstrations of affection ａｎｄ　with pain to loss of companionship. Isolated monkeys will sacrifice food just fｏｒthe glimpses of another monkey. By ignoring our biologically programmed need fｏｒeach other, we risk physical ａｎｄ　mental distress. A recent cross-national study of mental depression in the US found that in advanced countries, there is a rising tide of majｏｒdepression. Teenage suicides have increased in recent decades in almost all advanced countries. Moreover, in the US since World War Ⅱ, there has been an actual decline in the proportion of people who report themselves to be "very unhappy. " You can easily test the claim that companionship exceeds wealth as a source of happiness. Ask yourself which has a greater influence on your satisfaction with life: your income ｏｒthe affection of your intimate companions ａｎｄ　the well-being of your children? Conversely, which would make you more depressed: a reduction in salary ｏｒa divorce ａｎｄ　isolation from your friends? Capitalism succeeds in creating material riches, but it is less successful in building companionable societies ａｎｄ　protecting family integrity. But developing countries still have much work to do in pursuing material wealth, where a rise in productivity still greatly increases happiness. Fｏｒpoorer countries, the time is not yet ripe fｏｒa shift in priorities from wealth accumulation to companionship. Can we afford to believe that the pursuit of material gain will lead to self-fulfillment? We should continue to enjoy our wealth in good company, ｏｒelse we may find that it is not satisfying. Which of the following statements best describes the situation in the US, according to the 1993 study? 【单选题】

A.Most people think personal wealth can make them happy.

B.Most people do not think wealth has much to do with happiness.

C.Money is an important factｏｒin making one happy.

D.Happiness can only be explained in terms of income.

正确答案:B

答案解析:选项中B的内容与文章主题贴近（大多数人不认为财富与快乐有很大的关系），因此推测B很可能是答案。在文章中找到答案相关句： （第2段）In one American study conducted in 1993, level of income was shown to have an inverse (A relation to happiness: theｇｒｏｕｐwhose income had declined was happier overall than theｇｒｏｕｐwhose income had increased. 根据这句话的内容可以否定A、C和D，因此与文章主题内容一致的B是答案。

6、Early childhood educationIn a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement ａｎｄ　economic success, fｏｒpossible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find in most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese ａｎｄ　210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, ａｎｄ　parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents listed "to give children a good start academically" as one of their top three reasons fｏｒa society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children fｏｒsuccessful careers in first grade ａｎｄ　beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, ａｎｄ　mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, ａｎｄ　the ability to function as a member of a group. The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.In the recent comparison of Japanese ａｎｄ　American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with aｇｒｏｕｐexperience as one of their top three reasons fｏｒa society to have preschools. Sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented (强调个性发展的) Americans listedｇｒｏｕｐexperience as one of their top three choices. An emphasis on the importance of theｇｒｏｕｐseen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education.Like in America, there is diversity in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training ｏｒpotential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary ａｎｄ　secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children\'s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools ａｎｄ　universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out fｏｒthe heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.Most Americans surveyed believe that preschools should also attach importance to ____.【单选题】

A.problem solving

B.group experience

C.parental guidance

D.individually-oriented development

正确答案:B

答案解析:这道题从第二段的第二句可以直接选出答案B。

7、BaseballThere are people in Italy who can\'t stａｎｄ　soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn ｏｒeven frown when somebody mentions baseball. Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens. They tell you it\'s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet ａｎｄ　gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there\'s the sport that glorifies "the hit".By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent ａｎｄ　still. On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays ａｎｄ　close ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject； you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space ａｎｄ　time fｏｒinvolvement. The TV won\'t do it fｏｒyou.Take, fｏｒexample, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout ａｎｄ　you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms ｏｒbring the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right ｏｒleft, backward ｏｒforward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman\'s position. Suppose the pitch is a ball. "Nothing happened," you say. "I could have had my eyes closed".The skeptic ａｎｄ　the innocent must play the game. ａｎｄ　this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot； smooth the pocket in your glove； watch the eyes of the batter, the speed of the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood if football is a symphony of movement ａｎｄ　theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chores ａｎｄ　responses.The authｏｒadmits that ____.【单选题】

A.baseball is too peaceful fｏｒthe young

B.baseball may seem boring when watched on TV

C.football is more attracting than baseball

D.baseball is more interesting than football

正确答案:B

答案解析:第三段指出，在电视上垒球运动被切换成不同角度的画面，而且不断地使用重放、特写等电视制作技术，这破坏了该运动的整体运动感，使观众无法将自己投入(project)到运动中去，以体会到这种寓动于静的运动之美。电视做不到这一点(The TV won\'t do it fｏｒyou)，电视上的垒球比赛看上去(seems)孤孤单单、冷冷清清、沉沉静静、慢慢腾腾。C、D不对，作者仅指出了不同运动有不同运动的特征，并未说哪种运动优于哪种。参阅文章最后一句。

8、Egypt Felled by Famine Even ancient Egypt\'s mighty pyramid builders were powerless in the face of the famine that helped bring down their civilization around 2180 BC. Now evidence gleaned from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shift in climate thousands of kilometers to the south was ultimately to blame ａｎｄ　the same ｏｒworse could happen today. The ancient Egyptians depended on the Nile\'s annual floods to irrigate their crops. But any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons southwards out of Ethiopia would have diminished these floods. Dwindling rains in the Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to stablize the soil. When rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile ａｎｄ　into Egypt, along with sediment from the White Nile. The Blue Nile mud has a different isotope signature from that of the White Nile. So by analyzing isotope differences in mud deposited in the Nile Delta, Michael Krom of Leeds University worked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch of the river. Krom reasons that during periods of drought, the amount of the Blue Nile mud in the river would be relatively high. He found that one of these periods, from 4,500 to 4,200 years ago, immediately predates the fall of the Egypt\'s Old Kingdom. The weakened waters would have been catastrophic fｏｒthe Egyptians. " Changes that affect food supply don\'t have to be very large to have a ripple effect in societies," says Bill Ryan of the Lamont Doberty Earth Observatory in New York. "Similar events today could be even more devastating," says team member Daniel Stanley, a geoarchaeologist from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D C. " Anything humans do to shift the climate belts would have an even worse effect along the Nile system today because the populations have increased dramatically. " Which of the following statements is true? 【单选题】

A.The White Nile is the trunk of the River Nile.

B.The White Nile is the trunk of the Blue Nile.

C.The White Nile is a branch of the Blue Nile.

D.The White Nile ａｎｄ　the Blue Nile are branches of the River Nile.

正确答案:D

答案解析: D说的是：青尼罗河和白尼罗河是尼罗河的支流。第四段中的最后一句话是这么说的：… worked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch of the river. 这里的“河”是指“尼罗河”，“每条支流”是指上文所说的“青尼罗河”和“白尼罗河”。因此，D是正确的答案。A：白尼罗河是尼罗河的干流。B：白尼罗河是青尼罗河的干流。C:白尼罗河是青尼罗河的支流。显然，这些都不是答案。

9、Outside-the-classroom Learning Makes a Big DifferencePutting a bunch of college students in charge of a $300,000 Dance Marathon, fundraiser surely sounds a bit risky. When you consider the fact that the money is supposed to be given to. Children in need of medical care, you might call the idea crazy.Most student leaders don\'t want to spend a large amount of time on something they care little about, said 22-year-old University of Florida student Darren Heitner. He was the Dance Marathon\'s operations officer fｏｒtwo years.Yvonne Fangmeyer, directｏｒof the student organization office at the University of Wisconsin, conducted a survey in February of students involved in campus organizations. She said the desire fｏｒfriendship was the most frequently cited reason fｏｒjoining.At large universities like Fangmeyer\'s, which has more than 40,000 students, the students, first of all, want to find a way to "belong in their own comer of campus".Katie Rowley, a Wisconsin senior, confirms the survey\'s findings. "I wanted to make the campus feel smaller by joining an organization where I could not only get involved on campus but also find aｇｒｏｕｐof friends. "All of this talk of friendship, however, does not mean that students aren\'t thinking about their resumes. "I think that a lot of people do join to \'fatten up their resume\'," said Heitner. "At the beginning of my college career, I joined a few of these organizations, hoping to get a start in my leadership roles. "But without passion student leaders can have a difficult time trying to weather the storms that come. Fｏｒexample, in April, several student organizations at Wisconsin teamed up fｏｒan event designed to educate students about homelessness ａｎｄ　poverty. Student leaders had to face the problem of solving disagreements, moving the event because of rainy weather, ａｎｄ　dealing with the university\'s complicated bureaucracy."Outside-of the classroom learning really makes a big difference," Fangmeyer said.The phrasal verb fatten up in paragraph 6 could be best replaced by ____.【单选题】

A.invent

B.rewrite

C.polish

D.complete

正确答案:C

答案解析:“fatten up”原意是“使人或动物变肥”，在这里可以解释为使一个人的履历更充实一些也好看一些，因此意思上最接近的是“polish”（润色）。

10、Please he patient to novices.【单选题】

A.newcomers

B.carpenters

C.novelists

D.beginners

正确答案:D

答案解析:newcomers：新来的人，强调来得早与晚，而不强调对于某件事来说是否是新手；carpenters:木匠；novelist:（长篇）小说家；beginners:初学者、新手，和novice意思相同。