2021年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理历年真题5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、What Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe?What is the coldest air temperature ever recorded on the Earth? Where was this low temperature recorded? The coldest recorded temperature on Earth was - 91℃, which occurred in Antarctica (南极洲) in 1983.We encounter an interesting situation when we discuss temperatures in space.Temperatures in Earth orbit actually range from about +120℃ to - 120℃. The temperature depends upon whether you are in direct sunlight or shade. Obviously, -120℃ is colder than our body can safely endure. Thank NASA science for well, de signed space suits that protect astronauts from these temperature extremes.The space temperatures just discussed affect only our areal of the solar system. Obviously, it is hotter closer to the Sun and colder as we travel away from the Sun. Astronomers estimate temperatures at Pluto are about - 210℃. How cold is the lowest estimated temperature in the entire universe? Again, it depends upon your location. We are taught it is supposedly ______ to have a temperature below absolute zero, which is - 273℃, at which atoms do not move. Two scientists, whose names are Cornell and Wieman, have successfully cooled down a gas to a temperature barely above absolute zero. They won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001 for their work, not a discovery, in this case.Why is the two scientists\' work so important to science?In the 1920s, Satyendra Nath Bose was studying an interesting theory about special light particles we now call photons (光子). Bose had trouble convincing other scientists to believe his theory, so he contacted Albert Einstein. Einstein\'s calculations helped him theorize that atoms would behave as Bose thought—but only at very cold temperatures.Scientists have also discovered that ultra - cold(超冷) atoms can help them make the world\'s atomic clocks even more accurate. These clocks are so accurate today they would only lose one second every six million years! Such accuracy will help us travel in space because distance is velocity times time 4 ( d = v×t). With the long distances involved in space travel, we need to know time as accurately as possible to get accurate distance.【单选题】

A.impossible

B.interesting

C.reasonable

D.necessary

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题有一定难度，考查词义辨析，干扰项有一定的干扰。根据上下文逻辑，文章此处是说“我们从课本上学到不可能有低于绝对温度的温度出现”，答案是A。

2、WaterThe second most important constituent (构成成份) of the biosphere (生物圈) is liquid water. This can only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures, since water freezes at 0℃ and boils at 100℃. Life as we know it would only be possible on the surface of a planet which had temperatures somewhere within this narrow range.The earth\'s supply of water probably remains fairly constant in quantity. The total quantity of water is not known very accurately, but it is about enough to cover the surface of the globe to a depth of about two and three - quarter kilometers. Most of it is in the form of the salt water of the oceans about 97 percent. The rest is fresh, but three -quarters of this is in the form of ice at the Poles and on mountains, and cannot be used by living systems until melted. Of the remaining fraction, which is somewhat less than one percent of the whole, there is 10 -20 times as much stored underground water as there is actually on the surface. There is also a tiny, but extremely important fraction of the water supply which is present as water vapour in the atmosphere.Water vapour in the atmosphere is the channel through which the whole water circulation (循环) of the biosphere has to pass. Water evaporated (蒸发) from the surface of the oceans, from lakes and rivers and from moist (潮湿的) earth is added to it. From it the water comes out again as rain or snow, falling on either the sea or the land. There is, as might be expected, a more intensive evaporation per unit area over the sea and oceans than over the land, but there is more rainfall over the land than over the oceans and the balance is restored by the runoff from the land in the form of rivers.The word "fraction" in the second paragraph means ______.【单选题】

A.a very small amount

B.a large area

C.an important system

D.a major source of information

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，文章第二段第四句谈到剩余部分大约小于1%，可以判断fraction意思是指“很少一部分”，此外也可迅速查词典，确定答案，答案是A。

3、Eventually, she got a job and moved to London.【单选题】

A.Certainly

B.Luckily

C.Naturally

D.Finally

正确答案:D

答案解析:最终，她找到工作搬到伦敦去了。本题难度不大，是送分题，干扰项干扰不强，eventually和finally都指“最后，最终”，不难找到答案D。

4、A Bad IdeaThink you can walk, drive, take phone calls, e - mail and listen to music at the same time 7 Well, New York\'s new law says you can\'t. And you\'ll be fined $ 100 if you do so on a New York city street. The law went into force last month, following research and a shocking number of accidents that involved people using electronic gadgets (小巧机械) when crossing the street.Who\'s to blame? _____. "We are under the impression that our brain can do more than it often can," says Rene Marois, a neuroscientist (神经科学家) in Tennessee. "But a core limitation is the inability to concentrate on two things at once."The young people are often considered the great multitaskers. However, an Oxford University research suggests this perception is open to question. A group of 18 to 21 years old and a group of 35 to 39 years old were given 90 seconds to translate images into numbers, using a simple code. The younger group did 10 percent better when not interrupted. But when both groups were interrupted by a phone call or an instant message, the older group matched the younger group in speed and accuracy.It is difficult to measure the productivity lost by multitaskers. Jonathan Spira, chief analyst at Basex, a business - research firm, estimates that the cost of interruptions to the American economy is nearly $ 650 billion a year. The estimate is based on surveys with office workers. The surveys conclude that 28 percent of the workers\' time was spent on interruptions and recovery time before they returned to their main tasks.【单选题】

A.Talking on a cell phone while driving brings you joy anyway.

B.The estimate is based on surveys with office workers.

C.The younger group did 10 percent better when not interrupted.

D.However, an Oxford University research suggests this perception is open to question.

E.Scientists say that our multitasking (多任务处理) abilities are limited.

F.And you\'ll be fined $ 100 if you do so on a New York city street.

正确答案:E

答案解析:本题难度很大。可用排除法和代入法。本题的下文谈到了神经学家说的话，即我们的大脑比它平时能做的要做得多，但把精力集中在两件事情上的能力是有限的，是一段具体论述，那么可以推断本题此处应该是一个概括性的句子，以引导本题的下文，回来看选项，把E代入文中，符合逻辑，答案是E。

5、What are my chances of promotion if I stay here?【单选题】

A.retirement

B.advertisement

C.advancement

D.replacement

正确答案:C

答案解析:如果我还待在这干，我有升职的机会吗？promotion指“提升，晋级”，和advancement的引申意义“晋升”是同义词，A项指“退休”，B项指“广告”，D项指“代替”，三项的干扰性不强。本题考查的是advancement的引申意义，有一定难度。