2021年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理阅读理解分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、HalloweenHalloween is an autumn holiday that Americans celebrate every year. It means "holy evening", and it comes every October 31, the evening before All-Saints Day. It used to be thought the most wonderful night of the year. It was the night when witches and evil spirits came back on earth. People kept up many strange old customs in an effort to keep these evil things away. Farmers used to light big fires in their fields, and the farm workers and their families would walk around the fields singing old songs. Sometimes they would stop to hear the local priest offer prayers to the good spirits, and ask them to help keep the evil ones away. Great care was taken that none of the farm animals were left in the fields. They would all be locked up safely in their stables, and over each of the stable doors a few rowan leaves would be hung. Witches and evil spirits would not go anywhere near the rowan tree. In more recent times, Halloween has become a time for the parties, when children dress up as witches and play all kinds of special games. After the games there is often a big supper with plenty of pumpkin pie, cakes and a lot of other delicious things to eat. But for the most part the children enjoy the fun of dressing up and playing their favorite game of "Trick or Treat". They run down each street knocking on the doors crying loudly "Trick or Treat! Money or eat!", and most people have some sweets or money ready to give them. Those that do not can expect maybe to have a tyre flattened, or their windows covered in soap. Or the children may just knock on the door and run away. Some children think of other people on Halloween. They carry boxes for UNICEF (The United Nations International Children\'s Emergency Fund). They ask for money to help poor children all around the world. Of course, every time they help UNICEF, they usually receive a treat for themselves, too. Every autumn, when the vegetables are ready to eat, children pick large orange pumpkins. Then they cut faces in the pumpkins and put lights inside. It looks like there is a person looking out of the pumpkin! These lights are called jack-o\'-lanterns, which means "Jack of the lantern". But in this modern age many of the pumpkins are being replaced with plastic electric ones that can be brought out each year. Why did people hung rowan leaves over the stables?【单选题】

A.Because farm animals liked rowan leaves.

B.Because rowan leaves would keep witches and evil spirits away.

C.Because they used the leaves to decorate the stables.

D.Because rowan leaves could keep the farm animals quiet in the stables.

正确答案:B

答案解析:第2段最后一句，巫师和邪恶精灵不敢靠近花椒树，因此选B。

2、Snow RangerThe two things, snow and mountains, which are needed for a ski area are the two things that cause avalanches, large mass of snow and ice crushing down the side of a mountain, often called "White Death. "It was the threat of the avalanche and its record as a killer of man in the western mountains that created the snow ranger. He first started on avalanche control work in the winter of 1937, 38 at Alta, Utah, in Wasatch National Forest. This mountain valley was becoming well known to skiers. It was dangerous. In fact, more than 120 persons had lost their lives in 1936 and another 200 died in 1937 as a result of avalanches before it became a major ski area. Thus, development of Alta and other major ski resorts in the west was dependent upon controlling the avalanche. The Forest Service set out to do it, and did with its corps of snow rangers. It takes many things to make a snow ranger. The snow ranger must be in excellent physical condition. He must be a good skier and a skilled mountain climber. He should have at least a high school education, and the more college courses in geology, physics, and related fields he has, the better. He studies snow, terrain, wind, and weather. He learns the conditions that produce avalanches. He learns to forecast avalanches and to bring them roaring on down the mountainsides to reduce their killing strength. The snow ranger learns to do this by using artillery, by blasting with TNT, and by the difficult and skillful art of skiing avalanches down. The snow ranger, dressed in a green parka which has a bright yellow shoulder patch, means safety for people on ski slopes. He pulls the trigger on a 75 mm. Recoilless rifle, skis waist deep in powder testing snow stability, or talks with the ski area\'s operator as he goes about his work to protect the public from the hazards of deep snow on steep mountain slopes. A snow ranger uses very powerful guns____. 【单选题】

A.to warn skiers of an approaching avalanche.

B.to signal for help in an emergency.

C.to create an avalanche.

D.to communicate with the ski area operator.

正确答案:C

答案解析:这道题可以依据线索词在句中寻找答案。线索词：powerful gun（很强杀伤力的枪）或与其近义的短语。在第6段最后一句中发现gun的近义词artillery，找到了答案相关句。该句的前一句说“雪地管理员要使雪崩沿着山坡轰隆隆地滚下”，所以答案是C：制造雪崩。

3、Light Night, Dark StarsThousands of people around the globe step outside to gaze at their night sky. On a clear night, with no clouds, moonlight, or artificial lights to block the view, people can see more than 14,000 stars in the sky, says Dennis Ward, an astronomer(天文学家) with the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research( UCAR) in Boulder, Colo. But when people are surrounded by city lights, he says, they\'re lucky to see 150 stars.If you\'ve ever driven toward a big city at night and seen its glow from a great distance, you\'ve witnessed light pollution. It occurs when light from streetlights, office buildings, signs, and other sources streams into space and illuminates (照亮) the night sky. This haze (朦胧) of light makes many stars invisible to people on Earth. Even at night, big cities like New York glow from light pollution, making stargazing difficult.Dust and particles of pollution factories and industries worsen the effects of light pollution. "If one city has a lot more light pollution than another," Ward says, "that city will suffer the effects of light pollution on a much greater scale."Hazy skies also make it far more difficult for astronomers to do their jobs.Cities are getting larger. Suburbs are growing in once dark, rural areas. Light from all this new development is increasingly obscuring (使变模糊) the faint (微弱的) light give off by distant stars. And if scientists can\'t locate these objects, they can\'t learn more about them.Light pollution doesn\'t only affect star visibility. It can harm wild life too. It\'s clear that artificial light can attract animals, making them go off course. There\'s increasing evidence, for example, that migrating (迁徙) birds use sunsets and sunrises to help find their way, says Sydney Gauthreaux Jr. , a scientist at Clemson University in South Carolina, "When light occurs at night," he says, "it has a very disruptive (破坏性的) influence." Sometimes birds fly into lighted towers, high - rises, and cables from radio and television towers. Experts estimate that millions of birds die this way every year.Nowadays even suburbs are becoming unsuitable for scientists to do their jobs because ______.【单选题】

A.the night sky there is too dark

B.the once dark areas are also polluted by lights

C.these areas are not polluted by chemicals

D.these areas are less developed

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要认真第五段，吃透句意。文章第五段谈到，市郊的灯火使科学家无法观测到天空星体发出微弱光线，回来看选项，B项符合原文句意，是答案。

4、Snow RangerThe two things, snow and mountains, which are needed for a ski area are the two things that cause avalanches, large mass of snow and ice crushing down the side of a mountain, often called "White Death. "It was the threat of the avalanche and its record as a killer of man in the western mountains that created the snow ranger. He first started on avalanche control work in the winter of 1937, 38 at Alta, Utah, in Wasatch National Forest. This mountain valley was becoming well known to skiers. It was dangerous. In fact, more than 120 persons had lost their lives in 1936 and another 200 died in 1937 as a result of avalanches before it became a major ski area. Thus, development of Alta and other major ski resorts in the west was dependent upon controlling the avalanche. The Forest Service set out to do it, and did with its corps of snow rangers. It takes many things to make a snow ranger. The snow ranger must be in excellent physical condition. He must be a good skier and a skilled mountain climber. He should have at least a high school education, and the more college courses in geology, physics, and related fields he has, the better. He studies snow, terrain, wind, and weather. He learns the conditions that produce avalanches. He learns to forecast avalanches and to bring them roaring on down the mountainsides to reduce their killing strength. The snow ranger learns to do this by using artillery, by blasting with TNT, and by the difficult and skillful art of skiing avalanches down. The snow ranger, dressed in a green parka which has a bright yellow shoulder patch, means safety for people on ski slopes. He pulls the trigger on a 75 mm. Recoilless rifle, skis waist deep in powder testing snow stability, or talks with the ski area\'s operator as he goes about his work to protect the public from the hazards of deep snow on steep mountain slopes. What is the primary duty of the snow ranger?【单选题】

A.To make sure ski area operators are following safety rules.

B.To predict and control avalanches in mountainous areas.

C.To check skis and repair them.

D.To forecast the weather.

正确答案:B

答案解析:A:确保滑雪场地的操作员遵守安全规则；B：预测和控制山区的雪崩；C：检查并修理雪橇；D:预测天气。依据常识和前一题判断B最合理。

5、HalloweenHalloween is an autumn holiday that Americans celebrate every year. It means "holy evening", and it comes every October 31, the evening before All-Saints Day. It used to be thought the most wonderful night of the year. It was the night when witches and evil spirits came back on earth. People kept up many strange old customs in an effort to keep these evil things away. Farmers used to light big fires in their fields, and the farm workers and their families would walk around the fields singing old songs. Sometimes they would stop to hear the local priest offer prayers to the good spirits, and ask them to help keep the evil ones away. Great care was taken that none of the farm animals were left in the fields. They would all be locked up safely in their stables, and over each of the stable doors a few rowan leaves would be hung. Witches and evil spirits would not go anywhere near the rowan tree. In more recent times, Halloween has become a time for the parties, when children dress up as witches and play all kinds of special games. After the games there is often a big supper with plenty of pumpkin pie, cakes and a lot of other delicious things to eat. But for the most part the children enjoy the fun of dressing up and playing their favorite game of "Trick or Treat". They run down each street knocking on the doors crying loudly "Trick or Treat! Money or eat!", and most people have some sweets or money ready to give them. Those that do not can expect maybe to have a tyre flattened, or their windows covered in soap. Or the children may just knock on the door and run away. Some children think of other people on Halloween. They carry boxes for UNICEF (The United Nations International Children\'s Emergency Fund). They ask for money to help poor children all around the world. Of course, every time they help UNICEF, they usually receive a treat for themselves, too. Every autumn, when the vegetables are ready to eat, children pick large orange pumpkins. Then they cut faces in the pumpkins and put lights inside. It looks like there is a person looking out of the pumpkin! These lights are called jack-o\'-lanterns, which means "Jack of the lantern". But in this modern age many of the pumpkins are being replaced with plastic electric ones that can be brought out each year. The author wrote this text in order to____.【单选题】

A.introduce Halloween to readers.

B.ask readers to offer money to help poor children.

C.show the fact that plastic electric pumpkins will replace the real ones.

D.welcome people to U. S. A to celebrate Halloween.

正确答案:A

答案解析:作者从时间、传说、庆祝的方式、发展过程一直写到今天人们利用这个节日募捐帮助别人，使读者对这个节日有了充分的了解。因此答案是A。