2021年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理阅读判断分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、Black HolesMost scientists agree that black holes exist but are nearly impossible to locate. A black hole in the universe is not a solid object, like a planet, but it is shaped like a sphere (球体). Astronomers (天文学家) think that at the center of a black hole there is a single point in space with infinite (无限的) density (稠密).This single point is called a singularity (奇点). If the singularity theory is correct, it means that when a massive star collapses, all the material in it disappears into the singularity. The center of a black hole would not really be a hole at all, but an infinitely dense point. Anything that crosses the black hole is pulled in by its great gravity.Although black holes do exist, they are difficult to observe. These are the reasons,?No light or anything else comes out of black holes. As a result, they are invisible to a telescope.?In astronomical terms, black holes are truly. For example, a black hole formed by the collapse of a giant star would have an event horizon (视界) only 18 miles across.?The nearest black holes would be dozens of light years away from Earth. One light year is about 6 trillion (万亿) miles. Even the most powerful telescopes could not pick out an object so small at such a great distance.In 1994 the Hubble Space Telescope provided evidence that black holes exist. There are still answers to be found, however, so black holes remain one of the mysteries of the universe. (2007年)Black holes are part of space.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:A

答案解析:题干大意：黑洞是太空的一部分。用space回到原文定位，文中首段第三句提到：astronomers (天文学家) think that at the center of a black hole there is a single point in space with infinite (无限的) density (稠密). 天文学家认为黑洞的中心是太空中的一个单一的无限密度的点。第二段第一句也有信息提到：This single point is called a singularity (奇点). 这个单一的点叫做奇点。故答案选A。

2、The GuitarThe Museum of Fine Arts in the eastern city of Boston recently began showing a collection of guitars. The exhibit is called Dangerous Curves: The Art of the Guitar. It shows how the instrument developed during the past four centuries. Probably no other musical instrument is as popular around the world as the guitar. Musicians use the guitar for almost every kind of music. Country and western music would not be the same without a guitar. The traditional Spanish folk music called Flamenco could not exist without a guitar. The sound of American blues music would not be the same without the sad cry of the guitar. And rock and roll music would almost be impossible without this instrument. Music experts do not agree about where the guitar first was played. Most agree it is ancient. Some experts say an instrument very much like a guitar was played in Egypt more than a thousand years ago. Some other experts say that the ancestor of the modern guitar was brought to Spain from Persia sometime in the twelfth century. The guitar continued to develop in Spain. In the seventeen-hundred it became similar to the instrument we know today. Many famous musicians played the instrument. The famous Italian violinist Niccolo Paganinni played and wrote music for the guitar in the early eighteen hundred. Franz Schubert used the guitar to write some ofhis famous works. One guitar in the Boston Fine Arts display was played by Les Paul. It is a very old electric guitar. Mister Parl began experimenting with ways to make an electric guitar in the nineteen-thirties. The Gibson Guitar Company began producing its famous Les Parl Guitar in 1952. The instrument has the same shape and the same six strings as the traditional guitar, but it sounds very different. The guitar has always been important to blues music. The electric guitar Mister Paul helped develop made modern blues music possible. There have been many great blues guitarists. Yet, music experts say all blues guitar players are measured against one man and his famous guitar. That man is B-B King. Every blues fan knows that years ago B-B King named his guitar Lucille. Lucille is so important to American music that the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D-C has asked for it. They want to display the large, beautiful black guitar in one of the museums because it is a part ofAmerican culture. Music experts all agree that guitar was first played in Egypt more than a thousand years ago. 【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确答案:B

答案解析:音乐专家普遍认为吉他最早是在一千多年前在埃及开始演奏的。第3段句首提到音乐专家对于吉他最早在哪里演奏的意见不一致。

3、The Threat to KiribatiThe people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth-literally. Several times this year, the Pacific island nation has been flooded by a sudden high tide. These tides, which swept across the island and destroyed houses, came when there was neither wind nor rain. "This never happened before," say the older citizens of Kiribati.What is causing these mysterious high tides? The answer may well be global warming. When fuels like oil and coal are being burned, pollutants (污染物) are released. These pollutants trap heat in the earth\'s atmosphere. Warmer temperatures cause water to expand and also create more water by melting glaciers (冰川) and polar (极地的) ice caps.If the trend continues, scientists say, many countries will suffer, Bangladesh, for example, might lose one-fifth of its land. The coral (珊瑚) island nations of the Pacific, like Kiribati and the Marshall Islands, however, would face an even worse fate-they would be swallowed by the sea. The loss of these coral islands would be everyone\'s loss. Coral formations are home to more species than any other place on earth.The people of these nations feel frustrated. The sea, on which their economies have always been based, is suddenly threatening their existence. They don\'t have the money for expensive technological solutions like seawalls. And they have no control over the pollutants, which are being released mainly by activities in large industrialized countries. All they can do is to hope that industrialized countries will take steps to reduce pollution.Some industrialized countries are unwilling to spend money in reducing pollution.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:题干大意：一些工业化国家不愿意花钱减少污染。文章最后一句提到：All they can do is to hope that industrialized countries will take steps to reduce pollution. 所有他们能做的就是希望工业化国家能采取措施减少污染。但是这并没有说明工业化国家不愿意花钱减少污染。故答案选C。

4、A Great Quake Coming?Everyone lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the Bay Area and they can devastate. In 1906, for example, a major quake destroyed about 28000 buildings and killed hundreds, perhaps thousands of people. Residents now wonder when will the next "Big One" strike. It\'s bound to happen someday. At least seven active fault(断层) lines run through the San Francisco area. Faults are places where pieces of Earth\'s crust (地壳) slide past each other. When these pieces slip, the ground shakes.To prepare for that day, scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake and predict how bad the damage might be when the next one happens.One new finding about the 1906 quake is that the San Andreas Fault split apart faster than scientists had assumed at the time. During small earthquakes, faults rupture(断裂) about 2.7 kilometers persecond. During bigger quakes, however, ruptures can happen faster than 3.5 kilometers persecond.At such high speeds, massive amounts of pressure build up, generating underground waves that can cause more damage than the quake itself. Lucky for San Francisco, these pressure pulses (脉冲) traveled away from the city during the 1906 event.Looking ahead, scientists are trying to predict when the next major quake will occur. Records show that earthquakes were common before 1906. Since then, the area has been relatively quiet. Patterns in the data, however, suggest that the probability of a major earthquake striking the Bay Area before 2032 is at least 62 percent.New buildings in San Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakes. Still, more than 84 percent of the city\'s buildings are old and weak. Analyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage.People who live there today tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty quiet for a while. According to the new research, however, it\'s not a matter that whether "the Big One" will hit here. It\'s just a matter of when.A major earthquake striking San Francisco someday is inevitable.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要认真吃透句意，做好判断。答案依据在第五段。第五段最后一句：the probability of a major earthquake striking the Bay Area before 2032 is at least 62 percent.谈到在2032年前海湾地区发生大地震的可能性至少是62%，说明概率很高，所以本题正确，答案是A。

5、Radiocarbon DatingNowadays scientists can answer many questions about the past through a technique called radiocarbon (放射性碳), or carbon - 14 dating. One key to understanding how and why something happened is to discover when it happened.Radiocarbon dating was developed in the late 1940s by physicist Willard F. Libby at the University of Chicago. An atom of ordinary carbon, called carbon -12, has six protons (质子) and six neutrons (中子) in its nucleus (原子核). Carbon - 14, or C - 14, is a radioactive, unstable form of carbon that has two extra neutrons. It returns to a more stable form of carbon through a process called decay (衰减). This process involves the loss of the extra neutrons and energy from the nucleus.In Libby\'s radiocarbon dating technique, the weak radioactive emissions(放射)from this decay process are counted by instruments such as a radiation detector and counter. The decay rate is used to determine the proportion of C -14 atoms in the sample being dated.Carbon - 14 is produced in the Earth\'s atmosphere when nitrogen(氮) - 14, or N - 14, interacts with cosmic rays (宇宙射线). Scientists believe since the Earth was formed, the amount of nitrogen in the atmosphere has remained constant. Consequently, C -14 formation is thought to occur at a constant rate. Now the ratio of C -14 to other carbon atoms in the atmosphere is known. Most scientists agree that this ratio is useful for dating items back to at least 50,000 years.All life on Earth is made of organic molecules (分子) that contain carbon atoms coming from the atmosphere. So all living things have about the same ratio of C -14 atoms to other carbon atoms in their tissues (组织). Once an organism (有机体) dies it stops taking in carbon in any form, and the C -14 already present begins to decay. Over time the amount of C - 14 in the material decreases and the ratio of C - 14 to other carbon atoms goes down. In terms of radiocarbon dating, the fewer C -14 atoms in a sample, the older that sample is.Radar is used to determine the characteristics of radiocarbon.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题有较大难度，答案依据不明显，需要通读全文作出判断。通读全文后可以发现文章并未提及使用雷达来进行放射性碳测定，所以本题是未提及的，答案是C。