2021年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、Breast Cancer Deaths Record LowThe number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to a record low by dropping under 12,000 a year for the first time since records began.The Cancer\' Research UK data showed that 11.990 women died in the UK in 2007.The previous lowest figure had been recorded in 1971-the year records began-after which it rose steadily year by year until the late 1980s.Professor Peter Johnson, Cancer Research UK\'s chief clinician. said: "It\'s incredibly encouraging to see fewer women dying from breast cancer now than at any time in the last 40 years, despite breast cancer being diagnosed more often.""Research has played a crucial role in this progress leading to improved treatments and better management for women with the disease.""The introduction of the NHS (国民保健制度) breast screening 3 program has also contributed as women are more likely to survive the earlier cancer is diagnosed."Breast cancer is now the most common cancer in the UK with 45,500 women every year diagnosed with the disease - a 50% rise in 25 years.The number of deaths peaked in 1989, when 15,625 women died. It then fell by between 200 and 400 deaths each year until 2004.There was a slight rise in 2005 and then two years of falls.Dr. Sarah Cant, policy manager at Breakthrough Breast Cancer said: "It is great news that fewer women are dying from breast cancer and highlights the impact of improved treatments, breast screening and awareness of the disease. ""However, this is still too many women and incidence of the disease is increasing year by year. "The rising rate of breast cancer diagnosis has been put down to a variety of factors including obesity(肥胖) and alcohol consumption.Breast cancer is more common in the UK than in many other countries.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度较大，答案依据不明显，需要通读全文。通读全文可以发现，文文章没有提及英国乳腺癌发生情况和其他国家的对比，所以本题未提及，答案是C。

2、Nurse! I Want My MummyWhen a child is ill in hospital, a parent\'s first reaction is to be with them.Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep overnight with their child, providing a bed or sofa on the ward.But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon (不赞同) — it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children would be upset when their parents left, and so there was a blanket (通用的) ban.A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study "Nurse, I want my mummy!" published in 1974, changed the face "paediatric (儿科的) nursing.Martin Johnson, a professor of nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care."Pamela\'s study was done against the ____ of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in hospital.""The idea was that if mum came to visita small child in hospital the child would be upset and inconsolable (无法安慰的) for hours. ""Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. ""Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was ever coming back.""To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit.""But children were alone and depressed, so Hawthorn said parents should be allowed to visit."Dr. Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal (开创性的)."Her research put an end to the days when parents handed their children over to strangers at the door of the hospital ward.""As a result of her work, parents are now recognized as partners in care and are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children while they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents\' and children\'s experience of care." 【单选题】

A.field

B.background

C.circle

D.history

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度，考查固定搭配against the background的用法，against the background指“在……的背景下”，文章此处是说“Pamela是在儿科学和心理学有关……的热烈争论的背景下做了这项研究”，答案是B。

3、Would you please help me fix their watch?【单选题】

A.prepare

B.mend

C.clean

D.arrange

正确答案:B

答案解析:fix和mend都表示“修理、修补”；prepare：准备、预备；clean:打扫、清洁；arrange:安排、排列。

4、Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred YearsA hundred years ago, life expectancy in developed countries was about 47 in the early 21st century, men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74. Women to about 80, and these ____ are rising all the time. What has brought about these changes? When we look at the life span of people 100 years ago, we need to look at the greatest killers of the time. In the early 20th century, these were the acute and oftenhighly infectious diseases such as smallpox. Many children died very young from these diseases and others, and the weak and elderly were always at risk.In the developed world these diseases are far less deadly today, and in some cases have almost disappeared. A number of factors have led to this: improvements in sanitation and hygiene, the discovery and use of antibiotics, which make bacterial diseases much less dangerous, and vaccinations against common diseases. In addition , people\'s general health has improved with improvements in our general environment: cleaner air, better means of preserving food, better and warmer housing, and better understanding of nutrition.Genetically, we should all be able to live to about 85 but while people do live longer today, there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age. The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses, such as heart disease and strokes, and those spread by viruses, such as influenza and AIDS. Of course, cancer is a huge killer as well. In most cases these diseases affect older people, but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity leading to more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.The killers today can be classed as "lifestyle diseases", which means that it may be possible to halt their progress.【单选题】

A.ages

B.years

C.lives

D.countries

正确答案:A

答案解析:通过上下文可知此处应为“年龄”。

5、Driving after drinkingThe legal limit for driving after drinking alcohol is 80 milligrams of alcohol in 100 millilitres of blood, when tested. But there is no sure way of telling how much you can drink before you reach this limit. It varies with each person depending on your weight, your sex, what you\'ve just eaten and what sort of drinks you\'ve had. Some people might reach their limit after only about three standard drinks.In fact, your driving ability can be affected by just one or two drinks. Even if you\'re below the legal limit, you could still be taken to court if a police officer thinks your driving has been affected by alcohol.It takes about an hour for the body to get rid of the alcohol in one standard drink. So, if you have a heavy drinking in the evening you might find that your driving ability is still affected the next morning, or you could even find that you\'re still over the legal limit. In addition, if you\'ve had a few drinks at lunchtime, another one or two drinks in the early evening may well put you over the legal limit.In a test with professional drivers, the more alcoholic drinks they had had, the more certain they were that they could drive a test course through a set of movable posts…and the less able they were to do it! So the only way to be sure you\'re safe is not to drink at all.Alcohol is a major cause of road traffic accidents. One in three of the drivers killed in road accidents have levels of alcohol which are over the legal limit, and road accidents after drinking are the biggest cause of death among young men. More than half of the people stopped by the police to take a breath test have a blood alcohol concentration of more than twice the legal limit.It is important to remember that driving after you\'ve been drinking doesn\'t just affect you. If you\'re involved in an accident it affects a lot of other people as well, not least the person you might kill or injure.The amount of alcohol a driver can drink within the legal limit is____.【单选题】

A.about 80mg of pure alcohol

B.about three standard drinks

C.in proportion to his weight

D.varying with different people

正确答案:D

答案解析:细节考查题。答案参见第一段，酒后驾车的法律限制是测试时每100毫升血液中含80毫克酒精，但是喝多少酒会达到这种限制因人而异。故正确答案为D。

6、Hurricanes1 Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names ware simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. But in 1953, female names were given because of the unpredictability factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist nature of such named, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.2 Hurricanes and typhoons are the same things. If they form in the Atlantic, we call these strong storms hurricanes, from the West Indian word hurricane, meaning "big wind. " And if they are pacific storms, they are called typhoons from the Chinese taifun, meaning "great wind. " To be classified as a hurricane, the storm must have maximum winds of at least 75 mph. These storms are big, many hundreds of miles in diameter.3 Hurricanes get their power from water vapor as it gives out its stored-up energy. All water vapor gives out heat as it condenses from a gaseous state to a liquid state over fixed points on the equator. To make a hurricane, you must have extremely wet, warm air, the kind of air that can only be found in tropical regions.4 Scientists have determined that the heat given out in the process of water condensation can be as high as 95 billion kilowatts per hours. In just one day alone, the storm can produce more energy than many industrialized nations need in an entire year! The problem is that we don\'t know how to make such great energy work for us.5 Predicting the path of a hurricane is one of the most difficult tasks for forecasters, it moves at a typical speed of 15 mph. But not always. Some storms may race along at twice this speed, then suddenly stop and remain in the same location in the ocean for several days. It can be maddening if you live in a coastal area that may be hit.6 The biggest advance in early detection is continuous watch from weather satellites. With these, we can see the storms form and track them fully, from birth to death. While they can still kill people and destroy property, hurricanes will never surprise any nation again.Paragraph 1____【单选题】

A.A Short History of Naming Hurricanes

B.Harnessing the Hurricane Energy

C.Difficulty in Forecasting the Course of a Hurricane

D.Huge Energy Stored in a Hurricane

E.Forecast a Hurricane Through Satellite Watching

F.No Much Difference Between Hurricane and Typhoon

正确答案:A

答案解析:本段简略地回顾了飓风起名的历史。1950年前，飓风只是以数字形式表示。1950年之后有了名称。1953年之后飓风以女性的名字命名。到了1979年，才以男性和女性的名字命名。

7、All the pupils seem to be very cheerful.【单选题】

A.happy

B.healthy

C.naughty

D.busy

正确答案:A

答案解析:所有的小学生看起来都很高兴。本题难度不大，考察的是基本意义，干扰项干扰不大，cheerful和happy都有“高兴的”的意思，是近义词，其他选项都是常用词汇，和答案意义差异大，最佳答案是A。

8、 Lower Body Fat Means Better Performance These days, fashion models and pop stars are not the only people who have to watch their waistline. Football players who miss a few kicks and let their belly hanging out a little too much are likely to be attacked by rabid fans or even the president of a country. The latest football star to draw the attention of the "fat police" is Barcelona\'s Ronaldinho, 26. Last Friday, a Spanish sports daily published two photos of the Brazilian star without his shirt. One was taken in November 2003; the other was taken this month. In the most recent one, the star\'s waistline seems to have a little extra padding. Another Spanish sports daily published similar before-and-aider photos and argued that the star has "lost his explosiveness and velocity" and is "worn out". The cause, according to the news paper, is his poor physical fitness. However, the player\'s coach, Frank Rijkaard, insists that he\'s satisfied with Ronaldinho\'s form and fitness. And after Barcelona\'s victory over Athletic Bibao on Sunday, Ronaldinho challenged photographers to take pictures of him when he took off his shirt. "I don\'t have anything to hide," he said. Fellow Brazilian ronaldo, 30, of Real Madrid, faced similar criticism before the 2006 World Cup. But the criticism didn\'t come from a bunch of sports reporters: It came from the president of Brazil. "So, what is it?" Brazil\'s President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva asked the national soccer team\'s coach in his office last June, according to the Associated Press. "Is he [ronaldo]fat or not?" "He is very strong, president," Carlos Alberto Parreira reportedly said at the time. "He is not that boy anymore. His body type has changed. " The game of footfall demands that players put as much emphasis on fitness as they can do on dribbling, passing or shooting. During a proper training regimen, football players normally follow a load-fatigue-recovery pattern. They push their body toward a higher mark of fitness and experience a slight and brief drop in performance. Then they begin the recovery process, which will ideally carry their performance to an even higher plane. However, sometimes non-physical factors can influence a player\'s poor fitness. In Ronaldinho\'s case, for instance, people, often unnamed, have blamed everything from the pressure of contract negotiations to personal problems and too many advertising commitments. Ronaldinho often goes to pubs. 【单选题】

A.Right

B. Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:C 句子说的是：Ronaldinho常去酒馆。文章没有提到

9、Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in TeensWhile some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to "self-medicate" against the blues, scientists at the University of Toronto and the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually increasedepressive symptoms in some teens."This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived emotional benefits of smoking among teens," says lead researcher Michael Chaiton, a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto." Although cigarettes may appear to have self-medicating effects or to improve mood, in the long term we found that teens who started to smoke reported higher depressive symptoms. "As part of the study, some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires about their use of cigarettes to affect mood. Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French and English participants, urban and rural schools, and schools located in high, moderate and low socioeconomic neighborhoods. Participants were divided into three groups: never smokers; smokers who did not use cigarettes to self-medicate, improve mood or physical state; smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate. Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how felt too fired to do things: had trouble going to sleep or staying asleep; felt unhappy, sad, or depressed; felt hopeless about the future; felt vexed, antsy or tense; and worried too much about things."Smokers who used cigarettes as mood improvers had higher risks of elevated depressive symptoms than teens who had never smoked," says co-researcher Jennifer O\'Loughlin, a professor at the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine. "Our study found that teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are at higher risk of ____ depressive symptoms."The association between depression and smoking exists principally among teens that use cigarettes to feel better. "It\'s important to emphasize that depressive symptom scores were higher among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke," says Dr. Chaiton.【单选题】

A.changing

B.identifying

C.developing

D.overcoming

正确答案:C

答案解析:本句又重复了上题所表达的意思。只有developing的意义才符合上下文，因此是答案。

10、Early childhood educationIn a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find in most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents listed "to give children a good start academically" as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. Sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented (强调个性发展的) Americans listed group experience as one of their top three choices. An emphasis on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education.Like in America, there is diversity in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children\'s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university based kindergartens?【单选题】

A.They can do better in their future studies.

B.They can accumulate more group experience there.

C.They can be individually oriented when they grow up.

D.They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.

正确答案:D

答案解析:此题可以从全文的最后一段的第四句话得出答案。其中top-rated与first-rate意思相同。