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2021年职称英语考试《理工类》模拟试题0228
帮考网校2021-02-28 17:30

2021年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道,附答案解析,供您考前自测提升!


1、Stress Lessen CourseDoreen Sykora is now a junior at McGill University. She had a difficult time when she first began college. She said, "I was always well prepared for my examinations. But I would go in to class to take the exam, and I would fall apart. I could not answer the questions correctly-even though I knew the answers! I would just blank out because of nervousness and fear". Histoshi Sakamoto, an anthropology student at Temple University in Tokyo reports similar experiences. These two young students were experiencing something called test anxiety. Because when a student worries and is stressed about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student cannot write or think clearly because of the severe tension and nervousness. Now there are special university courses to help students. In these courses, advisors and psychologists try to help students by teaching them to manage test anxiety. Such a course helps students learn to live with stress and not fail because of it. First students take a practice test to measure their worry level. If the tests show that their stress level is high, the students can take a short course to manage the fear. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. They get training to become calm in very tense situations. By controlling their nervousness, they can let their minds work more easily. Learned information then comes out without difficulty on a test. Doreen Sykora saw immediate results after taking such a course. She now has enthusiasm about the relaxation methods. "Mostly, what I do is imagine myself in a very calm place. Then I imagine myself picking up a pencil. I move slowly and carefully. I breathe easily and let all the tension out. With each breath, more worry leaves me. It really works too. My grades have improved greatly! I\'m really doing well at McGill now. This relaxation method works not only on examinations, but it has improved the rest of my life as well". For Histoshi in Tokyo, the results were much the same. He is enjoying school a lot more and learning more. What\'s the organization of the passage?【单选题】

A.Examples-theories-ideas.

B.Problem-strategy-result.

C.General statement-examples-result.

D.Strategy-experiment-examples.

正确答案:B

答案解析:第1段提出了两个同学的问题,接下来学校有了这样帮助学生的课程,最后讲了帮助的效果。因此选B。

2、How to Be a Successful BusinesspersonHave you ever wondered why some people are successful in business and others are not? Here\'s a story about one successful businessperson. He started out washing dishes and today he owns 168 restaurants.Zubair Kazi was born in Bhatkal, a small town in southwest India. His dream was to be an airplane pilot, and when he was 16 years old, he learned to fly a small plane.At the age of 23 and with just a little money in his pocket, Mr. Kazi moved to the United States. He hoped to get a job in the airplane industry in California. Instead, he ended up working for a company that rented cars.While Mr. Kazi was working at the car rental(租赁的) company, he frequently ate at a nearby KFC restaurant. To save money on food, he decided to get a job with KFC. For two months, he worked as a cook\'s assistant. His job was to clean the kitchen and help the cook. "I didn\'t like it," Mr. Kazi says, "but I always did the best I could."One day, Mr. Kazi\'s two co - workers failed to come to work. That day, Mr. Kazi did the work of all three people in the kitchen. This really impressed the owners of the restaurant.A few months later, the owners needed a manager for a new restaurant. They gave the job to Mr. Kazi. He worked hard as the manager and soon the restaurant was making a profit.A few years later, Mr. Kazi heard about a restaurant that was losing money. The restaurant was dirty inside and the food was terrible. Mr. Kazi borrowed money from a bank and bought the restaurant. For the first six months, Mr. Kazi worked in the restaurant from 8 a. m. to 10 p. m. , seven days a week. He and his wife cleaned up the restaurant, remodeled the front of the building, and improved the cooking. They also tried hard to please the customers. If someone had to wait more than ten minutes for their food, Mrs. Kazi gave them a free soda. Before long the restaurant was making a profit.A year later, Mr. Kazi sold his restaurant for a profit. With the money he earned, he bought three more restaurants that were losing money. Again, he cleaned them up, improved the food, and retrained the employees. Before long these restaurants were making a profit, too.Today Mr. Kazi owns 168 restaurants, but he isn\'t planning to stop there. He\'s looking for more poorly managed restaurants to buy. "I love it when I go to buy a restaurant and find it\'s a mess," Mr. Kazi says. "The only way it can go is up. "Mr. Kazi became the manager of a new restaurant because_____.【单选题】

A.his co -workers praised him

B.he was a good cook

C.he worked very hard

D.he knew how to run a restaurant

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度也不大,也是送分题目,答案依据是:That day,Mr. Kazi did the work of all three people in the kitchen. This really impressed the owners of the restaurant.

3、A Great Quake Coming?Everyone lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the Bay Area and they can devastate. In 1906, for example, a major quake destroyed about 28000 buildings and killed hundreds, perhaps thousands of people. Residents now wonder when will the next "Big One" strike. It\'s bound to happen someday. At least seven active fault(断层) lines run through the San Francisco area. Faults are places where pieces of Earth\'s crust (地壳) slide past each other. When these pieces slip, the ground shakes.To prepare for that day, scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake and predict how bad the damage might be when the next one happens.One new finding about the 1906 quake is that the San Andreas Fault split apart faster than scientists had assumed at the time. During small earthquakes, faults rupture(断裂) about 2.7 kilometers persecond. During bigger quakes, however, ruptures can happen faster than 3.5 kilometers persecond.At such high speeds, massive amounts of pressure build up, generating underground waves that can cause more damage than the quake itself. Lucky for San Francisco, these pressure pulses (脉冲) traveled away from the city during the 1906 event.Looking ahead, scientists are trying to predict when the next major quake will occur. Records show that earthquakes were common before 1906. Since then, the area has been relatively quiet. Patterns in the data, however, suggest that the probability of a major earthquake striking the Bay Area before 2032 is at least 62 percent.New buildings in San Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakes. Still, more than 84 percent of the city\'s buildings are old and weak. Analyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage.People who live there today tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty quiet for a while. According to the new research, however, it\'s not a matter that whether "the Big One" will hit here. It\'s just a matter of when.Scientists will be able to predict the exact time of an earthquake soon.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度较大,没有明显的答案依据,需要通读全文,做出判断。第五段第一句:Looking ahead, scientists are trying to predict when the next major quake will occur.{炎到展望未来,科学家正努力预测下次大地震的发生,但全文只谈到在积极预测地震,没有提及是否能够预测出准确的时间,所以本题未提及,答案是C。

4、Black HolesMost scientists agree that black holes exist but are nearly impossible to locate. A black hole in the universe is not a solid object, like a planet, but it is shaped like a sphere (球体). Astronomers (天文学家) think that at the center of a black hole there is a single point in space with infinite (无限的) density (稠密).This single point is called a singularity (奇点). If the singularity theory is correct, it means that when a massive star collapses, all the material in it disappears into the singularity. The center of a black hole would not really be a hole at all, but an infinitely dense point. Anything that crosses the black hole is pulled in by its great gravity.Although black holes do exist, they are difficult to observe. These are the reasons,?No light or anything else comes out of black holes. As a result, they are invisible to a telescope.?In astronomical terms, black holes are truly. For example, a black hole formed by the collapse of a giant star would have an event horizon (视界) only 18 miles across.?The nearest black holes would be dozens of light years away from Earth. One light year is about 6 trillion (万亿) miles. Even the most powerful telescopes could not pick out an object so small at such a great distance.In 1994 the Hubble Space Telescope provided evidence that black holes exist. There are still answers to be found, however, so black holes remain one of the mysteries of the universe. (2007年)The Hubble Space Telescope helps scientists to understand the nature of the universe.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:A

答案解析:题干大意:哈勃望远镜帮助科学家了解宇宙的本质。由专有名词the Hubble Space Telescope回到原文定位,不难发现相关信息在最后一段。最后一段提到:In 1994 the Hubble Space Telescope provided evidence that black holes exist. 1994年,哈勃望远镜提供了黑洞存在的证据。也就是说哈勃望远镜帮助科学家了解宇宙,原文信息与题干信息是一致的。故答案选A。

5、Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular RiskBreastfeeding can reduce the risk of a heart attack or stroke later in life and could prevent hundreds of thousands of deaths each year, researchers said on Friday. Babies who are breastfed have fewer childhood infections and allergies and are less prone to obesity. British scientists have now shown that breastfeeding and slow growth in the first weeks and months of life has a protective effect against cardiovascular disease. "Diets that promote more rapid growth put babies at risk many years later in ______ of raising their blood pressure, raising their cholesterol and increasing their tendency to diabetes and obesity-the four main risk factors for stroke and heart attack." said Professor Alan Lucas of the Institute of Child Health in London. "Our evidence suggests that the reason why breast-fed babies do better is because they grow more slowly in the early weeks."Lucas said the effects of breastfeeding on blood pressure and cholesterol later in life are greater than anything adults can do to control the risk factors for cardiovascular disease, other than taking drugs. An estimated 17 million people die of cardiovascular disease, particularly heart attack and strokes, each year, according to the World Health Organization. Lucas and his colleagues compared the health of 216 teenagers who as babies had either been breastfed or given different nutritional baby formulas\' They reported their findings in The Lancet medical journal. The teenagers who had been breastfed had a 14 percent lower ratio of bad to good cholesterol and lower concentrations of a protein that is a marker for cardiovascular disease risk. The researchers also found that regardless of the child\'s weight at birth, the faster the infants grew in the early weeks and months of life, the greater was their later risk of heart disease and stroke. The effect was the same for both boys and girls. "The more human milk you have in the newborn period, the lower your cholesterol level is, the lower your blood pressure is 16 years later, "Lucas said. 【单选题】

A.forms

B.cases

C.terms

D.places

正确答案:C

答案解析:与介词in和of构成的固定搭配是:in case of(adv. 假设、万一),in terms of(考虑到)。

6、The carCars are an important part of life in the United States. Without a car most people feel that they are poor. And even if a person is poor he doesn\'t feel really poor when he has a car. Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars in large numbers. He probably didn\'t know how much the car was going to affect American culture. The car made the United Stated a nation on wheels. And it helped make the United States what it is today. There are three main reasons why the car becomes so popular in the United States. First of all, the country is a huge one and Americans like to move around in it. The car provides the most comfortable and cheapest form of transportation. With a car people can go anylace without spending a lot of money. The second reason cars are popular is the fact that the United States never really developed an efficient and inexpensive form of public transportation. Long-distance trains have never been as common in the country as they are in other parts of the world. Nowadays there is a good system of air-service provided by planes. But it is too expensive to be used frequently. The third reason is the most important one, though. The American spirit of independence is what really made cars popular. Americans don\'t like to wait for a bus, or a train or even a plane. They don\'t like to have to follow an exact schedule. A car gives them the freedom to schedule their own time. And this is the freedom that Americans want most to have. The gas shortage has caused a big problem for Americans. But the answer will not be a bigger system of public transportation. The real solution will have to be a new kind of car, one that does not use so much gas. The real solution to the gas shortage problem is【单选题】

A.to make less cars

B.to develop a public transportation system

C.to make gas-saving cars

D.to develop train service

正确答案:C

答案解析:文章最后一句“The real solution will have to be a new kind ofcar, one that does not use so much gas”,不使用很多汽油的车,当然就是gas-saving cars(节能汽车)了。

7、Strike in MTV NetworksScores of workers from MTV Networks walked off the job yesterday afternoon, filling the sidewalk outside the headquarters of its corporate parent, Viacom, to protest recent changes in benefits. The walkout highlighted the concerns of a category of workers who are sometimes called permalancers: permanent freelancers who work like full-time employees but do not receive the same benefits.Waving signs that read "Shame on Viacom", the workers, most of them in their 20s, demanded that MTV Networks reverse a plan to reduce health and dental benefits for freelancers beginning Jan. 1. In a statement, MTV Networks noted that its benefits program for full-time employees had also undergone changes, and it emphasized that the plan for freelancers was still highly competitive within the industry. Many freelancers receive no corporate benefits. But some of the protesters asserted that corporations were competing to see which could provide the most mediocre health care coverage. Matthew Yonda, who works at Nickelodeon, held a sign that labeled the network "Sick-elodeon". "I\'ve worked here every day for three years-I\'m not a freelancer," Mr. Yonda said. "They just call us freelancers in order to bar us from getting the same benefits as employees."The changes to the benefits package were announced last Tuesday. Freelancers were told that they would become eligible for benefits after 160 days of work, beginning in January. While that eased previous eligibility rules, which required freelancers to work for 52 weeks before becoming eligible, it would have required all freelancers not yet eligible for benefits to start the waiting period over again on Jan. 1. The 401 (k) plan was also removed On Thursday, acknowledging the complaints, MTV Networks reinstated the 401 (k) plan and said freelancers who had worked consistently since March would be eligible.Fueled by a series of blog posts on the media web site Gawker-the first post was headlined "The Viacom Permalance Slave System" -a loose cohort of freelancers created protest stickers and distributed walkout fliers last week. Caroline O\'Hare, a unit manager who has worked for MTV for more than two years, said the new health care plan-with higher deductibles and a $ 2,000 cap on hospital expenses each year-had provoked outrage. "They think they can treat us like children that don\'t have families, mortgages or dreams of retirement," she said.Outside Viacom\'s headquarters, several workers held posters with the words, "There\'s too many of us to ignore." It was unclear how many freelancers are on the company\'s payroll; an MTV Networks spokeswoman said the figure was not known because it rises and falls throughout the year. The company has 5,500 full-time employees, excluding freelancers, around the world.Two freelancers and one full-time employee, who asked not to be identified for fear of retribution, estimated that the percentage of freelancers in some departments exceeded 75 percent. Another labor action is expected to take place outside Viacom later this week. Members of the Writers Guild of America, who have been on strike for five weeks, are expected to picket there on Thursday.According to the new benefits program of MTV Networks, the following freelancers are eligible for benefits except ______.【单选题】

A.those who have worked for 160 days

B.those who have worked for 1 year

C.those who have worked since March

D.those who have worked since Jan. 1

正确答案:D

答案解析:细节考查题。题干问的是根据MTV网络的新福利方案,除了哪项之外,自由职业者都有资格享受福利。答案参见第三段MTV对新福利方案所做的修改,A项符合。B项在任意情况下均符合。C项在方案修改后符合。只有D不符合,故正确答案为D。

8、Michael is now merely a good friend.【单选题】

A.largely

B.possible

C.just

D.rarely

正确答案:C

答案解析:题干大意:迈克仅仅是个好朋友。画线词merely:仅仅。选项中,just:仅仅。largely:很大程度上。如:I use the Web largely to communicate information about the organization. 我大量地使用网络技术来交流有关组织的信息。possible:可能的。如:We think every day about how to ensure that our staff can operate under the best possible conditions. 我们每天都在思考怎样确保我们的工作人员在尽可能最佳的条件下工作。rarely:很少的。如:Rarely would a single concern have the entire facilities required for a complete testing program. 很少有一个公司能拥有为完成整个测试程序所需要的全部设备。

9、One Good Reason to Let Smallpox LiveIt\'s now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction (灭绝) of the smallpox (天花) virus. When smallpox was completely got rid of in the world, scientists wanted to destroy the killer virus in the last two labs, one in the US and one in Russia. They asked: If smallpox has truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let go of such a powerful potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials (小药瓶). And the last "official" stocks of live Virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia, _____ no obvious gain.Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way for tests on new treatments and vaccines(疫苗). So once again there\'s a good reason to the virus, just in keep the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we case with the mistrust of the US and Russia? deal. Keep the virus Simple international support in a well - guarded UN laboratory that\'s open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it with a multilateral (多边的) approach to just about everything. But it doesn\'t mean the idea is rejects. If the virus is useful, then let\'s wrong it the servant of all humanity make not just a part of it.【单选题】

A.in

B.for

C.at

D.of

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度,考查for的用法,for除了做介词外,还可做连词,表示“因为”,文章此处是说“……因为没有获得明显的收获”,答案是B。

10、Singing Alarms Could Save the BlindIf you cannot see, you may not be able to find your way out of a burning building and that could be fatal. A company in Leeds could change all that with directional sound alarms capable of guiding you to the exit. Sound Alert, a company run by the University of Leeds, is installing the alarms in a residential home for ______ people in Sommerset and a resource centre for the blind in Columbia. The alarms produce a wide range of frequencies that enable the brain to determine where the sound is coming from. Deborah Withington of Sound Alert says that the alarms use most of the frequencies that can be heard by humans. "It\'s a burst of white noise that people say sounds like static on the radio," she says. "Its life-saving potential is great."She conducted an experiment in which people were filmed by thermal-imaging cameras trying to find their way out of a large smoke-filled room. It took them nearly four minutes to find the door without a sound alarm, but only 15 seconds with one. Withington studies how the brain processes sounds at the university. She says that the source of a wide band of frequencies can be pinpointed more easily than the source of a narrow band. Alarms basedon the same concept have already been installed on emergency vehicles. The alarms will also include rising or falling frequencies to indicate whether people should go up or down stairs. They were developed with the aid of a large grant from British Nuclear Fuels. 【单选题】

A.slow

B.deaf

C.blind

D.lame

正确答案:C

答案解析:这篇文章的核心内容就是有关盲人警报器的,而且后半句也提到a resource centre for the blind,所以顺理成章地得出结论答案应是C。

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