2021年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、What Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe?What is the coldest air temperature ever recorded on the Earth? Where was this low temperature recorded? The coldest recorded temperature on Earth was - 91℃, which occurred in Antarctica (南极洲) in 1983.We encounter an interesting situation when we discuss temperatures in space.Temperatures in Earth orbit actually range from about +120℃ to - 120℃. The temperature depends upon whether you are in direct sunlight or shade. Obviously, -120℃ is colder than our body can safely endure. Thank NASA science for well, de signed space suits that protect astronauts from these temperature extremes.The space temperatures just discussed affect only our areal of the solar system. Obviously, it is hotter closer to the Sun and colder as we travel away from the Sun. Astronomers estimate temperatures at Pluto are about - 210℃. How cold is the lowest estimated temperature in the entire universe? Again, it depends upon your location. We are taught it is supposedly impossible to have a temperature below absolute zero, which is - 273℃, at which atoms do not move. Two scientists, whose names are Cornell and Wieman, have successfully cooled down a gas to a temperature barely above absolute zero. They won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001 for their work, not a discovery, in this case.Why is the two scientists\' work so important to science?In the 1920s, Satyendra Nath Bose was studying an interesting theory about special light particles we now call photons (光子). Bose had trouble convincing other scientists to believe his theory, so he contacted Albert Einstein. Einstein\'s calculations helped him theorize that atoms would behave as Bose thought—but only at very cold temperatures.Scientists have also discovered that ultra - cold(超冷) atoms can help them make the world\'s atomic clocks even ______ accurate. These clocks are so accurate today they would only lose one second every six million years! Such accuracy will help us travel in space because distance is velocity times time 4 ( d = v×t). With the long distances involved in space travel, we need to know time as accurately as possible to get accurate distance.【单选题】

A.that

B.such

C.much

D.more

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题有一定难度，考查词义辨析，干扰项有一定的干扰。根据上下文逻辑，文章此处是说“……使世界原子钟更准确”，答案是D。

2、Seeing Red Means Danger AheadThe color red often means danger and by paying attention, accidents can be prevented. In the future, the color red also may help prevent danger at construction sites. Thanks to new work by engineers, bridge supports or other kinds of materials could one day contain a color switching material. It will turn red before a structure collapses or falls apart. The secret behind the color switching material is a particular type of molecule. A molecule is a group of atoms held together by chemical bonds. Molecules come at all shapes and sizes, and make up everything. You can see, touch or feel. How a molecule behaves depends on ______ kinds of atoms it contains, and how they\'re held together. When a polymer (聚合物) containing a color switching molecule called a mechanophore (机械响应性聚合物) which is about to break, it produce a color. When a polymer with mechanophore molecules becomes "injured" or weak, one of the mechanophore bonds breaks and the material turns red. "It\'s a really simple detection method. "says Nancy Sottos, one of the scientists who worked on the project. Sottos and her team tested the color switching polymers in their lab. The test results proved encouraging. There is a way to get rid of the color light when a bright light is shone on the mechanophore. The broken bond is fixed and the red color disappears. This "self-healing" may be a problem for engineers. They need to use the color changer in big construction projects that will be outside in sunlight. And sunlight will make the mechanophore\'s warming system useless. Sottos and her fellow scientists still have a lot of work to do before the color switching molecules can be used outside the lab. 【单选题】

A.why

B.how

C.what

D.where

正确答案:C

答案解析:本句的意思是分子的行为取决于组合成分子的原子种类和它们的组合方式。所以kind前应加what。

3、Meet Your Memory1. Memory is something that cannot be seen, touched or weighed. It is thought to be abstract. It is a set of skills rather than an object. Neither is there a single standard for judging a good or poor memory. There are a number of different ways in which a person may have a good memory.2. Memory is generally viewed as consisting of three stages: (1) acquisition refers to learning the material; (2) storage refers to keeping the material in the brain until it is needed; (3) retrieval (提取) refers to getting the material back out when it is needed:3. Memory consists of at least two different processes: short - term memory and long - term memory. Short - term memory has a limited capacity and a rapid forgetting rate. Its capacity can be increased by chunking (组成大块), or grouping separate bits of information into larger chunks. Long - term memory has an almost unlimited capacity.4. One measure of memory is recall, which requires you to produce information by searching the memory for it. In aided recall, you are given cues (提示) to help you produce the information. In free - recall learning you recall the material in any order. In serial learning you recall it in the order it was presented and in paired - associate learning you learn pairs of words so that when the first word is given you can recall the second word. A second measure of memory is recognition, in which you do not have to produce the information from memory, but must be able to identify it when it is presented to you. In a third measure of memory, relearning, the difference between how long it took to learn the material the first time and how long it takes to learn it again indicates how much you remember. Relearning is generally a more sensitive measure of memory than is recognition because relearning shows retention (保持) while recognition does not. Recognition is generally a more sensitive measure than recall.Paragraph 3 ______【单选题】

A.Why do we forget things?

B.How do we measure memory?

C.What are the stages memory consists of?

D.What is the difference between short - term memory and long - term memory?

E.What is memory?

F.Who may have a poor memory?

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题难度不大，主旨句比较明显，是文章第三段的第一句，谈到记忆力包括两种不同的过程，短期记忆和长期记忆，回来看选项，D项What\'s the difference between short - term memory and long - term memory?是对本段主旨句的近义替换，是答案。

4、Cloning: Future Perfect?1 A clone is an exact copy of a plant or animal produced from any one cell. Since Scottish scientists reported that they had managed to clone a sheep named Dolly in 1997, research into cloning has grown rapidly. In May 1998, scientists in Massachusetts managed to create two identical calves using cloning technology. A mouse has also been cloned successfully. But the debate over cloning humans really started when Chicago physicist Richard Seed made a surprising announcement: "We will have managed to clone a human being within the next two years," he told the world. 2 Seed\'s announcement provoked a lot of media attention, most of it negative. In Europe, nineteen nations have already signed an agreement banning human cloning and in the US the President announced: "We will be introducing a law to ban human cloning and many states in the US will have passed anti-cloning laws by the end of the year". 3 Many researchers are not so negative about cloning. They are worried that laws banning human cloning will threaten important research. In March, The New England Journal of Medicine called any plan to ban research on cloning humans seriously mistaken. Many researchers also believe that in spite of attempts to ban it, human cloning will have become routine by 2010 because it is impossible to stop the progress of science. 4 Is there reason to fear that cloning will lead to a nightmare world? The public has been bombarded (轰炸) with newspaper articles, television shows and films, as well as cartoons. Such information is often misleading, and makes people wonder what on earth the scientists will be doing next. 5 Within the next five to ten years scientists will probably have found a way of cloning humans. It could be that pretty soon we will be able to choose the person that we want our child to look like. But how would it feel to be a clone among hundreds, the anti-cloners ask Pretty cool, answer the pro-cloners (赞成克隆的人). Paragraph 1____【单选题】

A.Strong Reactions

B.Anxiety about the Future of Cloning

C.The Right to Choose

D.WhatisCloning?

E.Arguments in Favor of Cloning

F.A Common Sight

正确答案:D

答案解析:文章第1段主要讲的是什么是克隆，即克隆的基本概念，故选D。

5、Better Control of TB Seen if a Faster Cure is FoundThe World Health Organization estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis. Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their lungs. Two million people die of it. The disease has increased with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis. Current treatments take at least six months. Patients have to take a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop as soon as they feel better. Doing that can ______ to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how effective it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients cured. It would also mean fewer infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others. The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They tested the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might prevent about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these reductions would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve. The World Health Organization developed the DOTS program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make sure they continue treatment. Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research into new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.【单选题】

A.refer

B.apply

C.lead

D.amount

正确答案:C

答案解析:空白处后面有介词to，虽然这几个选项均可与to连用，但意思各不相同。refer to:谈及、参考；apply to：接洽、适用于；lead to:导致；amount to:合计、总共达……。只有选择lead才能使本句意思完整、准确。

6、Sharing SilenceDeaf teenagers Orlando Chavez and German Resendiz have been friends since kindergarten (幼儿园). Together the two boys, who go to Escondido High School in California, have had the difficult job of learning in schools where the majority of the students can speak and hear.Orlando lost his hearing at the age of one. German was born deaf, and his parents moved from Mexico to find a school where he could learn sign language. He met Orlando on their first day of kinder garten."We were in a special class with about 25 other deaf kids," German remembered. "Before then, I didn\'t know I was deaf and I was different.""Being young and deaf in regular classes was very hard," signs Orlando. "The other kids didn\'t understand us and we didn\'t understand them. But we\'ve all grown up together, and today, I\'m popular because I\'m deaf. Kids try to communicate with me."Some things are very difficult for the two boys. "We can\'t talk on the phone, so if we need help, we can\'t call an emergency service," German signs. "And we can\'t order food in a drive - thru."Despite of their difficulties, the two boys have found work putting food in bags at a local supermarket.They got their jobs through a "workability" program, designed for teenagers from local schools with different types of learning disabilities.German has worked in the supermarket since August, and Orlando started in November."The other people who work here nave been very nice to us," Orlando signs. "They even sign sometimes. At first, we were nervous, but we\'ve learned a lot and we\'re getting better."The opportunity to earn money has been exciting, both boys said. After high school, they hope to attend the National Technical Institute for the Deaf in New York.According to the passage, the difficulty for Orlando and German is that ______.【单选题】

A.they can\'t communicate with their classmates

B.they are not allowed to talk on the phone

C.they can\'t order food in a drive - thru

D.they are not supposed to use emergency services

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题有一定难度，针对第五段出题，跳跃性比较大，但只要回文章定好位，找到答案依据不难。根据题干提示词汇迅速到文章定位。找到文章第五段。第五段谈到，German抱怨说，他们无法在电话里交谈，如果他们需要帮助，也无法呼叫紧急救助，而且他们也不能在汽车餐厅订餐，回来看选项，C项谈到了两人的困难，是正确答案。

7、Can you give a concrete example to support your idea?【单选题】

A.specific

B.real

C.special

D.good

正确答案:A

答案解析:你可以举一个具体的例子来支持你的观点吗？本题有一定难度，concrete，常用词汇，指“具体的”，specific 一般指“特殊的”引申意思指“具体的”，这里和concrete，是同义词，special指“特殊的”，没有“具体的”意思，最佳答案是A。

8、Would you please call my husband as soon as possible?【单选题】

A.visit

B.phone

C.consult

D.invite

正确答案:B

答案解析:麻烦您尽快给我丈夫打个电话好吗？本题难度不大，考查的是引申意义，call和phone做动词用，引申意义都有“打电话”的意思，是近义词，其他选项都是常用词汇，和答案意义差异大，最佳答案是B。

9、Seeing Red Means Danger AheadThe color red often means danger and by paying attention, accidents can be prevented. In the future, the color red also may help prevent danger at construction sites. Thanks to new work by engineers, bridge supports or other kinds of materials, could one day contain a color - changing material. It will turn red before a structure collapses or falls apart.The secret behind the color - changing material is a particular type of molecule (分子). A molecule is a group of atoms (原子) held together by chemical bonds. Molecules come in all shapes and sizes and make up everything you can see, touch or feel. How a molecule behaves depends on what kinds of atoms it contains and how they\'re held together.When a polymer (聚合物) containing a color - changing molecule called a mechanophore (机械响应性聚合物) is about to break, it produces a color. When a polymer with mechanophore molecules becomes "injured" or weak, one of the mechanophore bonds breaks and the material turns red. "It\'s a really simple detection method," says Nancy Sottos, one of the scientists who worked on the project. Sottos and her team tested the color - changing polymers in their lab. The test _____ proved encouraging.There is a way to get rid of the red color light. When a bright light is shone on the mechanophore, the broken bond is fixed and the red color disappears. Thus "self - healing" may be a problem for engineers. They need to use the color - changer in big construction projects that will be outside, under sunlight. And sunlight will make the mechanophore\'s warning system useless.Sottos and her fellow scientists still have a lot of work to do before the color - changing molecules can be used outside the lab.【单选题】

A.results

B.rules

C.tools

D.methods

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，考查的是词义辨析。很明显，文章此处的意思是“结果”，答案是A。

10、Rodman met with Tony to try and settle the dispute over his contract.【单选题】

A.solve

B.avoid

C.mark

D.involve

正确答案:A

答案解析:罗得曼和托尼会面，试图解决有关他合同的争论。本题难度不大，是送分题，干扰项干扰不强。settle的意思是“解决”，和solve“解决”是同义词，involve指“包含，牵涉”，答案是A。