2020年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理阅读理解分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、DietPersons who are overweight should watch their diet carefully in order to lose pounds. The best way to do this is to start a weight control program. At first it is wise to talk with your doctor. He can advise you of the number of calories you should have in your meals each day. He can tell you about exercising while on your diet. A good rule is to lose slowly. A loss ofa pound or two is plenty. Plan meals around foods you know. This means that it is wise to include foods that you are used to and that are part of your regular eating habits. When you have lost the weight you wish, simple items can be added to your diet so that you can maintain the weight you want. While you are dieting, try to build a pattern of eating that you can follow later to maintain your desired weight. When dieting, choose low-calorie foods. Avoid such items as fats, fried food, sweets, cakes, cream and soft drinks. Try to take coffee and tea without sugar or cream. Snacks can be part of your diet. For example, a piece of fruit or a simple dessert saved from mealtime can be eaten between meals. Keep busy! This way you will not be tempted to go off the diet. Make full use of opportunities to exercise. Try walking instead of riding whenever possible. Happy dieting !When you have lost the weight you wish, you can ______【单选题】

A.have some more simple items in your diet

B.eat more and more foods you like

C.stop dieting

D.tell the doctor what you\'ve done

正确答案:A

答案解析:依据是原文第2段“When you have lost the weight you wish，simple items can be added to your diet so that you can maintain the weight you want”（减到理想体重以后，就可以吃一些简单的食物）。

2、Weaving with LightIn the Sierra Madre mountain range of west central Mexico, the native Huichol people live much the way their ancestors did-without electricity. That\'s because it\'s too expensive to string power lines to the remote mountain areas where they live. To help support themselves, the Huichol create beautiful artwork. They sell their art in cities hundreds of miles away from their villages. And without electricity, at home or on the road, they can only work during daylight hours. When it gets dark, they must stop whatever they\'re doing.Now, a team of scientists, designers and architects is using new technologies to provide the Huichol with light after the sun sets. The scientists technique involves weaving tiny electronic crystals into fabrics that can be made into clothes, bags, or other items.By collecting the sun\'s energy during the day, these lightweight fabrics provide bright white light at night. Their inventors have named the fabrics "Portable Lights," Portable Lights have the potential to transform the lives of people without electricity around the world, says project leader Sheila Kennedy."Our invention," Kennedy says, "came from seeing how we could transform technology we saw every day in the United States and move it into new markets for people who didn\'t have a lot of money."At the core of Portable Light technology are devices called high - brightness light - emitting diodes, or HB LEDs. These tiny lights appear in digital clocks, televisions and streetlights.LEDs are completely different from the light bulbs. Most of those glass bulbs belong to a type called incandescent lights. Inside, electricity heats a metal coil to about 2,200 degrees Celsius. At that temperature, bulbs give off light we can see.Ninety percent of energy produced by incandescent lights, however, is heat and invisible. With all that wasted energy, bulbs burn out quickly. They are also easily broken.LEDs, on the other hand, are like tiny pieces of rock made up of molecules that are arranged in a crystal structure. When an electric current passes through an LED, the crystal structure produces light. Unlike incandescent bulbs, they can produce light of various colors. Within an LED, the type of molecules and their particular arrangement determines what color is produced.The central part of the Portable Lights technology is ______.【单选题】

A.glass bulbs

B.digital clocks

C.incandescent lights

D.HB LEDs

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题有一定难度，关键在吃透句意，答案依据比较明显，带着题干信息词回文章定位，答案依据主要在文章第五段第一句：At the core of Portable Light technology are devices called high - brightness light - emitting diodes or HB LEDs。其中core和题干里的central part是同义词，回来看选项，D项和原文句意相符，答案是D。

3、How to Be a Successful BusinesspersonHave you ever wondered why some people are successful in business and others are not? Here\'s a story about one successful businessperson. He started out washing dishes and today he owns 168 restaurants.Zubair Kazi was born in Bhatkal, a small town in southwest India. His dream was to be an airplane pilot, and when he was 16 years old, he learned to fly a small plane.At the age of 23 and with just a little money in his pocket, Mr. Kazi moved to the United States. He hoped to get a job in the airplane industry in California. Instead, he ended up working for a company that rented cars.While Mr. Kazi was working at the car rental(租赁的) company, he frequently ate at a nearby KFC restaurant. To save money on food, he decided to get a job with KFC. For two months, he worked as a cook\'s assistant. His job was to clean the kitchen and help the cook. "I didn\'t like it," Mr. Kazi says, "but I always did the best I could."One day, Mr. Kazi\'s two co - workers failed to come to work. That day, Mr. Kazi did the work of all three people in the kitchen. This really impressed the owners of the restaurant.A few months later, the owners needed a manager for a new restaurant. They gave the job to Mr. Kazi. He worked hard as the manager and soon the restaurant was making a profit.A few years later, Mr. Kazi heard about a restaurant that was losing money. The restaurant was dirty inside and the food was terrible. Mr. Kazi borrowed money from a bank and bought the restaurant. For the first six months, Mr. Kazi worked in the restaurant from 8 a. m. to 10 p. m. , seven days a week. He and his wife cleaned up the restaurant, remodeled the front of the building, and improved the cooking. They also tried hard to please the customers. If someone had to wait more than ten minutes for their food, Mrs. Kazi gave them a free soda. Before long the restaurant was making a profit.A year later, Mr. Kazi sold his restaurant for a profit. With the money he earned, he bought three more restaurants that were losing money. Again, he cleaned them up, improved the food, and retrained the employees. Before long these restaurants were making a profit, too.Today Mr. Kazi owns 168 restaurants, but he isn\'t planning to stop there. He\'s looking for more poorly managed restaurants to buy. "I love it when I go to buy a restaurant and find it\'s a mess," Mr. Kazi says. "The only way it can go is up. "To save a failing restaurant, Mr. Kazi did all the following things, EXCEPT to ______.【单选题】

A.clean it up

B.improve the food

C.retrain the employees

D.advertize for it

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题有一定难度，仔细通读文章后半部分可以发现文章没有提到做广告的事情，所以不难确定答案D。

4、Weaving with LightIn the Sierra Madre mountain range of west central Mexico, the native Huichol people live much the way their ancestors did-without electricity. That\'s because it\'s too expensive to string power lines to the remote mountain areas where they live. To help support themselves, the Huichol create beautiful artwork. They sell their art in cities hundreds of miles away from their villages. And without electricity, at home or on the road, they can only work during daylight hours. When it gets dark, they must stop whatever they\'re doing.Now, a team of scientists, designers and architects is using new technologies to provide the Huichol with light after the sun sets. The scientists technique involves weaving tiny electronic crystals into fabrics that can be made into clothes, bags, or other items.By collecting the sun\'s energy during the day, these lightweight fabrics provide bright white light at night. Their inventors have named the fabrics "Portable Lights," Portable Lights have the potential to transform the lives of people without electricity around the world, says project leader Sheila Kennedy."Our invention," Kennedy says, "came from seeing how we could transform technology we saw every day in the United States and move it into new markets for people who didn\'t have a lot of money."At the core of Portable Light technology are devices called high - brightness light - emitting diodes, or HB LEDs. These tiny lights appear in digital clocks, televisions and streetlights.LEDs are completely different from the light bulbs. Most of those glass bulbs belong to a type called incandescent lights. Inside, electricity heats a metal coil to about 2,200 degrees Celsius. At that temperature, bulbs give off light we can see.Ninety percent of energy produced by incandescent lights, however, is heat and invisible. With all that wasted energy, bulbs burn out quickly. They are also easily broken.LEDs, on the other hand, are like tiny pieces of rock made up of molecules that are arranged in a crystal structure. When an electric current passes through an LED, the crystal structure produces light. Unlike incandescent bulbs, they can produce light of various colors. Within an LED, the type of molecules and their particular arrangement determines what color is produced.To make a living, the Huichol create artwork and ______.【单选题】

A.sell it to tourists in their villages

B.sell it in cities far away from their villages

C.display it in their village museums

D.keep it in their homes to attract tourists

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，带着题干信息词回文章定位，答案依据主要在文章第一段第四句：They sell their art, in cities hundreds of miles away from their villages．回来看选项，C项和原文句意相符，答案是B。

5、Sharing SilenceDeaf teenagers Orlando Chavez and German Resendiz have been friends since kindergarten (幼儿园). Together the two boys, who go to Escondido High School in California, have had the difficult job of learning in schools where the majority of the students can speak and hear.Orlando lost his hearing at the age of one. German was born deaf, and his parents moved from Mexico to find a school where he could learn sign language. He met Orlando on their first day of kinder garten."We were in a special class with about 25 other deaf kids," German remembered. "Before then, I didn\'t know I was deaf and I was different.""Being young and deaf in regular classes was very hard," signs Orlando. "The other kids didn\'t understand us and we didn\'t understand them. But we\'ve all grown up together, and today, I\'m popular because I\'m deaf. Kids try to communicate with me."Some things are very difficult for the two boys. "We can\'t talk on the phone, so if we need help, we can\'t call an emergency service," German signs. "And we can\'t order food in a drive - thru."Despite of their difficulties, the two boys have found work putting food in bags at a local supermarket.They got their jobs through a "workability" program, designed for teenagers from local schools with different types of learning disabilities.German has worked in the supermarket since August, and Orlando started in November."The other people who work here nave been very nice to us," Orlando signs. "They even sign sometimes. At first, we were nervous, but we\'ve learned a lot and we\'re getting better."The opportunity to earn money has been exciting, both boys said. After high school, they hope to attend the National Technical Institute for the Deaf in New York.The word "emergency" in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ______.【单选题】

A.food

B.alarm

C.crisis

D.quick

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度不大，干扰项干扰不强，考生会很快确定答案。emergency指“紧急”，和crisis“危机，紧急关头”是近义词。B项alarm指“警戒”，最佳答案是C。