2020年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理阅读理解分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、Arctic MeltEarth\'s North and South Poles are famous for being cold and icy. Last year, however, the amount of ice in the Arctic Ocean fell to a record low. Normally, ice builds in Arctic waters around the North Pole each winter and shrinks during the summer. But for many years, the amount of ice left by the end of summer has been declining. Since 1979, each decade has seen an 11. 4 percent drop in end of summer ice cover. Between 1981 and 2000, ice in the Arctic lost 22 percent of its thickness, becoming 1.13 meters thinner. Last summer, Arctic sea ice reached its skimpiest levels yet. By the end of summer 2007, the ice had shrunk to cover just 4.2 million square kilometers. That\'s 38 percent less area than the average cover at that time of year. And it\'s a very large 23 percent below the previous record low, which was set just 2 years ago. This continuing trend has scientists concerned. There may be several reasons for the ice melt, says Jinlun Zhang, an oceanographer at the University of Washington at Seattle. Unusually strong winds blew through the Arctic last summer. The winds pushed much of the ice out of the central Arctic, leaving a large area of thin ice and open water. Scientists also suspect that fewer clouds cover the Arctic now than in the past. Clearer skies allow more sunlight to reach the ocean. The extra heat warms both the water and the atmosphere. In parts of the Arctic Ocean last year, surface temperatures were 3.5℃ warmer than average and 1.5℃ warmer than the previous record high. With both air and water getting warmer, the ice is melting from both above and below. In some parts of the Beaufort Sea, north of Alaska and western Canada, ice that measured 3. 3 meters thick at the beginning of the summer measured just 50 centimeters by season\'s end. The new measurements suggest that melting is far more severe than scientists have seen by just looking at ice cover from above, says Donald K. Perovich, a geophysicist at the U. S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory in Hanover, N. H. Some scientists fear that the Arctic is stuck in a warming trend from which it may never recover. Why is the ice melting from both above and below?【单选题】

A.Because extra heat warms the air.

B.Because extra heat warms the water.

C.Because the temperature above the water is higher.

D.Both A and B.

正确答案:D

答案解析:根据第7段第1句With both air and water getting warmer可知。

2、Snow RangerThe two things, snow and mountains, which are needed for a ski area are the two things that cause avalanches, large mass of snow and ice crushing down the side of a mountain, often called "White Death. "It was the threat of the avalanche and its record as a killer of man in the western mountains that created the snow ranger. He first started on avalanche control work in the winter of 1937, 38 at Alta, Utah, in Wasatch National Forest. This mountain valley was becoming well known to skiers. It was dangerous. In fact, more than 120 persons had lost their lives in 1936 and another 200 died in 1937 as a result of avalanches before it became a major ski area. Thus, development of Alta and other major ski resorts in the west was dependent upon controlling the avalanche. The Forest Service set out to do it, and did with its corps of snow rangers. It takes many things to make a snow ranger. The snow ranger must be in excellent physical condition. He must be a good skier and a skilled mountain climber. He should have at least a high school education, and the more college courses in geology, physics, and related fields he has, the better. He studies snow, terrain, wind, and weather. He learns the conditions that produce avalanches. He learns to forecast avalanches and to bring them roaring on down the mountainsides to reduce their killing strength. The snow ranger learns to do this by using artillery, by blasting with TNT, and by the difficult and skillful art of skiing avalanches down. The snow ranger, dressed in a green parka which has a bright yellow shoulder patch, means safety for people on ski slopes. He pulls the trigger on a 75 mm. Recoilless rifle, skis waist deep in powder testing snow stability, or talks with the ski area\'s operator as he goes about his work to protect the public from the hazards of deep snow on steep mountain slopes. The passage implies that a snow ranger____. 【单选题】

A.knows how to use a pistol.

B.must write lengthy reports on his work.

C.may travel many miles when he is on duty.

D.has a long working day.

正确答案:C

答案解析:A:知道怎样使用手枪；B：必须写有关其工作的长篇报告；C：值班时可能会滑行数英里；D：工作时间很长。依据常识和已有的对文章的了解推断C最合理。如果依据原文，文章中提到了“枪”的使用，所以A不是答案。在第5段中说“雪地管理员”必须身体素质好，所以暗示答案是C。

3、The orangutanAmong all the animals, the ape is most like human beings. Both people and apes have the similar brain structure, the similar nerve system, and the similar kind of blood. There are four kinds of apes: the chimpanzee (黑猩猩), the orangutan (猩猩), the gorilla (大猩猩), and the gibbon (长臂猿). They live in the deep forests and warm tropical regions of Africa and of Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. All apes are covered with brown, reddish-brown, or black hair everywhere on their bodies except their faces, feet, and hands. Their hands each have four fingers and a thumb that helps them grip things the way our thumbs help us. But they also have a thumb on each foot instead of a big toe. Thus they can hold things with their feet also. Having short, weak legs, apes do not walk on the ground very much. However, their arms are very strong. This enables them to swing from branches and travel very quickly from tree to tree. These animals live in small family groups that move from place to place in search of vegetables and fruits. They also eat eggs, small animals, nuts, and insects. When they are tired, they build nests in the trees. But they rarely sleep there for more than a night or two. Then they move on to look for more food. There are some differences among the following three kids of apes. The gibbon is never more than three feet high and weight only about fourteen pounds. The gorilla grows to be six feet tall and weight up to 600 pounds. The orangutan is smaller than the gorilla. It stands three to five feet tall and weight up to 200 pounds. Chimpanzees are the smartest of all apes. They can be taught to sit at a table and eat, to dress themselves, and to do things that human children can do. Among the three kinds of apes, ____【单选题】

A.the gorilla is the biggest

B.the gibbon is only three feet high but it is heavier than the orangutan

C.the orangutan is smaller than the gorilla and cleverer than the gibbon

D.the orangutan can stand up to a great height, but others cannot

正确答案:A

答案解析:文章第5段指出，长臂猿(gibbon)高不足3英尺，重仅14磅；大猩猩(gorilla)高6英尺，重达600磅；猩猩( orangutan)高3至5英尺，重200磅。综合可知A正确。

4、HalloweenHalloween is an autumn holiday that Americans celebrate every year. It means "holy evening", and it comes every October 31, the evening before All-Saints Day. It used to be thought the most wonderful night of the year. It was the night when witches and evil spirits came back on earth. People kept up many strange old customs in an effort to keep these evil things away. Farmers used to light big fires in their fields, and the farm workers and their families would walk around the fields singing old songs. Sometimes they would stop to hear the local priest offer prayers to the good spirits, and ask them to help keep the evil ones away. Great care was taken that none of the farm animals were left in the fields. They would all be locked up safely in their stables, and over each of the stable doors a few rowan leaves would be hung. Witches and evil spirits would not go anywhere near the rowan tree. In more recent times, Halloween has become a time for the parties, when children dress up as witches and play all kinds of special games. After the games there is often a big supper with plenty of pumpkin pie, cakes and a lot of other delicious things to eat. But for the most part the children enjoy the fun of dressing up and playing their favorite game of "Trick or Treat". They run down each street knocking on the doors crying loudly "Trick or Treat! Money or eat!", and most people have some sweets or money ready to give them. Those that do not can expect maybe to have a tyre flattened, or their windows covered in soap. Or the children may just knock on the door and run away. Some children think of other people on Halloween. They carry boxes for UNICEF (The United Nations International Children\'s Emergency Fund). They ask for money to help poor children all around the world. Of course, every time they help UNICEF, they usually receive a treat for themselves, too. Every autumn, when the vegetables are ready to eat, children pick large orange pumpkins. Then they cut faces in the pumpkins and put lights inside. It looks like there is a person looking out of the pumpkin! These lights are called jack-o\'-lanterns, which means "Jack of the lantern". But in this modern age many of the pumpkins are being replaced with plastic electric ones that can be brought out each year. Why did people hung rowan leaves over the stables?【单选题】

A.Because farm animals liked rowan leaves.

B.Because rowan leaves would keep witches and evil spirits away.

C.Because they used the leaves to decorate the stables.

D.Because rowan leaves could keep the farm animals quiet in the stables.

正确答案:B

答案解析:第2段最后一句，巫师和邪恶精灵不敢靠近花椒树，因此选B。

5、BudgetA budget is a spending plan. It can help you spend money wisely. It can do this by cutting out wasteful spending. Of course, preparing a budget takes planning, and following a budget takes will power. Your budget should meet your family\'s needs and income. The first step in creating a budget is to set your goals. What does your family need and wants. You must know this to work out the details of the budget. Keep goals realistic, in terms of income available. Then decide which goals are the most important. The next step is estimating family income. Before you can plan wisely, you need to know how much money you have to spend! Write down all the money you expect to receive (wages, savings, interest, etc.) during the planned budget period. After you have calculated how much money will be available, it is time to estimate expenses. List all of your family expenses. If you are not satisfied with what you got for your money, look carefully at your spending. Studying your records will show where overspending has occurred. It will also point out poor buying habits. It is also a good idea to set aside a small amount of money for emergencies. Every family has small emergencies: a blown tire, a broken device, or the need for minor medical care. According to the passage, what is the advantage of a budget?【单选题】

A.It can help you set your goals clearly.

B.It can help you save a lot of money.

C.It can help you get rid of poor buying habits.

D.It can help you spend money in a reasonable way.

正确答案:D

答案解析:第1段第2句“It can help you spend money wisely”（预算帮助你聪明地花钱），也就是说理智地消费( spend money in a reasonable way)。