2020年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、ExerciseWhether or not exercise adds ____ the length of life, it is common experience that a certain amount of regular exercise improves the health and contributes a feeling of well-being. Furthermore, exercise which involves play and recreation, and relieves nervous tension and mental fatigue in so doing, is not only pleasant but beneficial.How much and what kind of exercise one should take merits careful consideration. The growing child and the normal young man and young woman thrill with the exhilaration of strenuous sports. They fatigue to the point of exhaustion but recover promptly with a period of rest. But not so with those of middle age and beyond. For them moderation is of vital importance. Just how much exercise a person of a given age can safely take is a question hard to answer. Individual variability is too great to permit of generalization. A game of tennis may be perfectly safe for one person of forty but folly for another. The safe limit for exercise depends on the condition of the heart, the condition of the muscles, the type of exercise, and the regularity with which it is taken. Two general suggestions, however, will serve as sound advice for anyone. The first is that the condition of the heart and general health should be determined periodically by careful, thorough physical examinations. The other is that exercise should be kept below the point of physical exhaustion.What type of exercise one should choose depends upon one\'s physical condition. Young people can safely enjoy vigorous competitive sports, but most older persons do bet ter to limit themselves to less strenuous activities. Walking, swimming, skating are among the sports that one can enjoy and safely participate in throughout life. Regularity is important if one is to get the most enjoyment and benefit out of exercise.【单选题】

A.for

B.to

C.at

D.of

正确答案:B

答案解析:此题考查固定搭配。add?to意为“增加”，且符合上下文的意思。故B为正确答案。

2、Human Heart Can Make New CellsSolving a longstanding (为时甚久的) mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues to generate new cardiac(心脏的 ) cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.The finding, published in the April 3 issue of Science, could open a new path for the treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure and heart attack, experts say."We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes (心肌细胞), are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen, a professor of stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. "It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we are born with or if they could be renewed," he said.The process of renewing these cells changes over time, Frisen added. In a 20 - year - old, about I percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year, but the turnover (更替) rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75."If we can understand how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated, it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals (药物) that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after, for example, a heart attack," Frisen said.That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts."A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure," noted co - author Dr. Ratan Bhardwaj, also from the Karolinska Institute. "Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said.With this finding, scientists are "opening the door to potential therapies (疗法) to having ourselves heal ourselves." Bhardwaj said. "Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new and more cells to overcome the problem they are facing. "But barriers remain. According to Bhardwaj, scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off, especially in older patients with heart failure. In addition, the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts-whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.Chronic heart failure is attributed to ______.【单选题】

A.the dying heart cells

B.the effect of pharmaceuticals

C.the weight of the patient

D.the life span of a person

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显。带着题干信息词回文章定位，答案依据是文章第七段最后一句，谈到慢性心脏衰竭是由心肌细胞的死亡引起的，回来看选项，A项和原文句意相符，是答案。

3、Waste Not, Want Not1 Bob and Clara Darlington, who own and run a farm in the North of England, have always looked for new ways of making money out of the produce they grow. Their SUCCESS began when they established a shop on their farm, so that people could come and buy fresh vegetables directly from them.2 The business was an immediate SUCCESS, and soon scored top marks in a competition set up by the Farm Retail Association to find the best farm shop in the country. The Association\'s inspectors found the Darling tons\' shop offered excellent service and value for money as well as quality fruit and vegetable.3 Clara Darlington is a trained chef and, in addition to a range of home-grown foods and other local produce, she began offering a variety of prepared meals which she had made herself in the farmhouse kitchen. A small cafe alongside the farm shop was soon added, with everything that visitors could taste on the menu also being for sale in the shop.4 Clara admits that starting the business was expensive, and she has worked very hard, but maintains that if the product is good, the public recognize this and buy it. "I aim to offer the highest quality to our customers, whether they come in for a loaf of bread, or take a whole dinner-party menu. I take it as a compliment if people take home one of my dishes to serve to their family and friends and get away with pretending they made it themselves. "5 So it was that the couple realized that they had a surplus of misshapen or damaged vegetables grown on the farm which were unsuitable for selling in the shop. Clara, not wishing to see them get thrown away, decided to turn them into soup.6 The soup met with the immediate approval of customers to the shop and Clara now produce different varieties. She spent much of the summer traveling up and down to London by rail, doing presentations of the soups. As a result, they are now served in first-class railway restaurant cars belonging to three companies as well as being stocked by a number of high-class London stores.Paragraph 5____【单选题】

A.Time well spent is rewarded

B.Professional recognition is obtained

C.A necessary alternative to farming

D.Professional skills are exploited

E.Continuing investment in high standards

F.Ensuring that nothing gets wasted

正确答案:F

答案解析:克拉拉夫妇俩把那些不适合在商店出售的畸形的或是被弄坏的剩余蔬菜做成蔬菜汤，因此该段题目应该是确保没有浪费。

4、The Ideal HusbandScience now might be able to explain women\'s fascination with Brad Pitt\'s face and George Clooney\'s eyes. Women seem to judge potential mate by how masculine their features are, new research shows. Men with square jaws and well-defined brow ridges are seen as good short-term partners, while those with more feminine traits such as a rounder face and fuller lips are perceived as better long-term mates.In the study by Daniel Kruger at the US\'s University of Michigan, 854 subjects viewed a series of male head shots that had been digitally changed to exaggerate or minimize masculine traits. They then . answered questions about how they expected the men in the photos to behave.Most participants said that those with more masculine features were likely to be risky, competitive, and more apt to fight, challenge bosses, cheat on spouses and put less effort into parenting. Those with more feminine faces were seen as good parents and husbands, hard workers and emotionally supportive mates.But, despite all the negative characteristics, when asked who they would choose for a short-term relationship, women selected the more masculine looking men. Brad and George, both chiseled jaws and well-defined brows, then would be good for a brief romance, not for something longer.The study was published in the December issue of the US journal Personal Relationships.Kruger said that from an evolutionary perspective, this makes sense. The key is testosterone, the hormone responsible for the development of masculine facial features and other sexual characteristics. It has been found to affect the body\'s ability to fight disease: men with high levels of the hormone are typically ____ and healthy- traits women want to pass on to their children.However, increased testosterone has also been linked to cheating and violence in relationships. So, these men might produce high quality offspring, but they don\'t always make great parents or faithful mates, Kruger says.The scientific community have shown skepticism toward physiognomy, which links facial characteristics to certain behavioral traits. But Kruger argues that the research is a valuable tool for understanding mating strategies. And, of course, for explaining why Tony Leung and Takeshi Kanesshiro have millions of female fans. It might have to do with their genes. Or something to do with ours.【单选题】

A.normal

B.ordinary

C.weak

D.strong

正确答案:D

答案解析:normal：正常的；ordinary：普通的；weak：弱；strong：强。and是个并立词。主意并立词要求所衔接的词、词组或句子在语义上能匹配。可以看出strong and healthy是匹配的，但是weak and healthy就不匹配。

5、Cancer1. Cancer is a group of many related diseases that begin in cells, the body\'s basic building blocks. The body is made up of many types of cells. Normally, cells grow and divide to produce more cells as they are needed to keep the body healthy. Sometimes, this orderly process goes wrong. New cells form when the body does not need them, and old cells do not die when they should. The extra cells form a mass of tissue called a growth or tumor(肿瘤). Benign(良性的) tumors are not cancer. They can often be removed and, in most cases, they do not come back. Malignant (恶性的) tumors are cancer. Cells in malignant tumors are abnormal and divide without control or order.2. Scientists have learned that cancer is caused by changes in genes that normally control the growth and death of cells. Certain lifestyle and environmental factors can change some normal genes into genes that allow the growth of cancer. Many gene changes that lead to cancer are the result of tobacco use, diet, exposure to ultraviolet(紫外线的) radiation from the sun, or exposure to carcinogens (致症物) in the workplace or in the environment. Some gene alterations are inherited.3. Cancer treatment can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy(化疗), hormone therapy, and biological therapy. The doctor may use one method or a combination of methods, depending on the type and location of the cancer, whether the disease has spread, the patient\'s age and general health and other factors. Because treatment for cancer can also damage healthy cells and tissues, it often causes side effects. Patients and doctors generally discuss the treatment options, weighting the likely benefits of killing cancer cells and the risks of possible side effects.4. Having cancer does not always mean having pain. Whether a patient has pain may depend on the type of cancer, the extent of the disease and the patient\'s tolerance for pain. Most pain occurs when the cancer grows and presses against bones, organs, or nerves. Pain may also be a side effect of treatment. However, pain can generally be relieved or reduced with prescription medicines or over - the - counter drugs recommended by the doctor.Treatment for cancer may also bring about some ______.【单选题】

A.side effects

B.prescription medicines

C.control or order

D.tolerance for pain

E.various factors

F.different genes

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要认真寻找答案依据。答案依据在文章第三段倒数第二句话：Because treatment for cancer can also damage healthy cells and tissues, it often causes side effects. 谈到癌症治疗也会损害健康细胞和组织，会带来副作用，回来看选项，A项符合原文句意，是答案。

6、If?we?leave?now,?we?should?miss?the?traffic.【单选题】

A.direct

B.stop

C.mix

D.avoid

正确答案:D

答案解析:题干大意：如果现在出发就能避免交通高峰。miss意为“错过”，如：I?missed?breakfast?this?morning.（今早我错过了吃早饭。）direct意为“指挥”，如：She?directed?the?planning?of?the?festival.（她统管节日安排。）stop意为“停止”，如：Stop?talking.（别说话。）mix意为“混合”，如：Mix?water?and?flour.（将水和面粉混合。）avoid意为“避免”，最符合题意，如：Avoid?making?any?noise（避免制造任何噪音。）

7、Human Heart Can Make New CellsSolving a longstanding (为时甚久的) mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues to generate new cardiac(心脏的 ) cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.The finding, published in the April 3 issue of Science, could open a new path for the treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure and heart attack, experts say."We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes (心肌细胞), are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen, a professor of stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. "It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we are born with or if they could be renewed," he said.The process of renewing these cells changes over time, Frisen added. In a 20 - year - old, about I percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year, but the turnover (更替) rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75."If we can understand how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated, it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals (药物) that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after, for example, a heart attack," Frisen said.That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts."A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure," noted co - author Dr. Ratan Bhardwaj, also from the Karolinska Institute. "Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said.With this finding, scientists are "opening the door to potential therapies (疗法) to having ourselves heal ourselves." Bhardwaj said. "Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new and more cells to overcome the problem they are facing. "But barriers remain. According to Bhardwaj, scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off, especially in older patients with heart failure. In addition, the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts-whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.It is not known yet if the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts ______.【单选题】

A.is high enough to replace cells faster than they\'re dying off

B.is of any use to researchers

C.is the same as that in healthy hearts

D.changes over time

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显。带着题干信息词回文章定位，答案依据是文章最后一段最后一句，谈到心脏新细胞的制造数量是按照健康心脏来计算的，但是患病心脏的细胞更新率是否一样还是未知，回来看选项，C项和原文句意相符，是答案。

8、ExerciseWhether or not exercise adds to the length of life, it is common experience that a certain amount of regular exercise improves the health and contributes a feeling of well-being. Furthermore, exercise which involves play and recreation, and relieves nervous tension and mental fatigue in so doing, is not only pleasant but beneficial.How much and what kind of exercise one should take merits careful consideration. The growing child and the normal young man and young woman thrill with the exhilaration of strenuous sports. They fatigue to the point of exhaustion but recover promptly with a period of rest. But not so with those of middle age and beyond. For them moderation is of vital importance. Just how much exercise a person of a given age can safely take is a question hard to answer. Individual variability is too great to permit of generalization. A game of tennis may be perfectly safe for one person of forty but folly for another. The safe limit for exercise depends on the condition of the heart, the condition of the muscles, the type of exercise, and the regularity with which it is taken. Two general suggestions, however, will serve as sound advice for anyone. The first is that the condition of the heart and general health should be determined periodically by careful, thorough physical examinations. The ____ is that exercise should be kept below the point of physical exhaustion.What type of exercise one should choose depends upon one\'s physical condition. Young people can safely enjoy vigorous competitive sports, but most older persons do bet ter to limit themselves to less strenuous activities. Walking, swimming, skating are among the sports that one can enjoy and safely participate in throughout life. Regularity is important if one is to get the most enjoyment and benefit out of exercise.【单选题】

A.other

B.another

C.one

D.same

正确答案:A

答案解析:前面说到有两个一般性的建议，并且已提到first，那么二者中的另一个用other。

9、There was a profound silence after his remark.【单选题】

A.proud

B.short

C.sudden

D.deep

正确答案:D

答案解析:他讲完后现场一片沉寂。本题考察的是引申意义。profound指“深刻的”，引申意义是“深度的，完全的”和deep“深的”是近义词，其他三项都是常用词，和答案意义差异大，干扰性不强。

10、Parkinson\'s Disease1 Parkinson\'s disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine. Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson\'s, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to.2 No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson\'s disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited.3 Tremor may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. More importantly, not everyone with a tremor has Parkinson\'s disease. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinson\'s affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation. In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinson\'s may have a fixed or blank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills (dementia).4 At this time, there is no cure for Parkinson\'s disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You \'may not even need treatment if your symptoms are mild. Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results.You\'ll find it hard to move the way you want to ____.【单选题】

A.if there isn\'t enough dopamine your body

B.what affects muscles all through your body

C.which cannot be cured yet

D.if you have a fixed or blank expression

E.which may be the first symptom you notice

F.what causes Parkinson\'s disease

正确答案:A

答案解析:如果你的体内没有足够多的多巴胺，那么你会发现活动起来有困难。根据第一段最后一句： Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to. 因此选A。