2020年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理阅读理解分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、Dairy Price-fixing ScandalTesco is preparing a legal battle to clear its name of involvement in the dairy price-fixing scandal that has cost consumers ￡270 million. Failure to prove that it had no part in collusion with other supermarkets and dairy processors may land it with a fine of at least ￡80 million. The Office of Fair Trading (OFT) said yesterday that Asda, Sainsbury\'s and the former Safeway, plus the dairy companies Wiseman, Dairy Crest and Cheese Company, had admitted being in a cartel to fix prices for milk, butter and cheese. They were fined a total of just over ￡116 million as part of a leniency deal offered by the watchdog to companies that owned up quickly to anti-competitive behaviour.Officials at the OFT admitted privately that they did not think they would ever discover which company or individual had initiated the pricing formula. But the watchdog recognises that at the time supermarkets were under pressure from politicians and farmers to raise the cost of milk to save dairy farming, though it is not certain that money found its way to farmers. The OFT claimed in September that it had found evidence that the retail chains had passed future milk prices to dairy companies, which then reached a fixed price among themselves.The average cost to each household is thought to be ￡11.25 over 2002 and 2003, Prices went up an extra 3p on a pint of milk, 15p on a quarter of a pound of butter and 15p on a half pound of cheese. There is no direct recompense for consumers, however, and the money will go to the Treasury. The National Consumer Council gave warning that the admissions would dent consumer confidence in leading high street names and that people would become sceptical of their claims. Farmers for Action, the group of farmers that has led protests over low milk prices since 2000, is seeking legal advice on whether it can now bring a claim for compensation.The OFT investigation is continuing, however, in relation to Tesco, Morrisons and the dairy group Lactalis McLelland, and any legal action is expected to be delayed until that is completed. Tesco was defiant and said that it was preparing a robust defence of its actions. Lucy Neville-Rolfe, its executive director, said: "As we have always said, we acted independently and we did not collude with anyone. Our position is different from our competitors and we are defending our own case vigorously. Our philosophy is to give a good deal to customers."Morrisons has supported the OFT in inquiries into the former safeway business that it took over, but in a statement said that it was still making "strong representations" in its defence. A spokeswoman for Lactalis McLelland said that the company was "co-operating" with the OFT. Industry insiders suggested that the three companies were deliberately stalling the OFT investigation.Sainsbury\'s admitted yesterday that it had agreed to pay ￡26 million in fines, but denied that it had sought to profiteer. Justin King, the chief executive, said he was disappointed that the company had been penalised for actions meant to help farmers but recognised the benefit of a speedy settlement. Asda declined to say how much it would pay in fines and also said that its intention had been to help farmers under severe financial pressure.The writer\'s attitude to Tesco can be said to be ______.【单选题】

A.biased

B.objective

C.sympathetic

D.optimistic

正确答案:B

答案解析:态度题。通过阅读整篇文章可以看出，作者虽然在文章中讲述了关于Tesco的事件，但言语和措辞比较客观，并未作出任何掺杂个人意见的评论，故正确答案为B。

2、A special educationVideodisc holds great promise of helping to meet the needs of American schoolchildren who have problems seeing, hearing, speaking, or socializing. Almost eleven percent of the students aged 3-21 in this country have an impairment that affects their ability to benefit from a regular education program. Handicapped students require special education because they are often markedly different from most children in one or more of the following ways: mentally retarded (发展迟缓的) learning-disabled, emotionally disturbed, deaf, visually handicapped, physically handicapped, or other health impairments. The education of these handicapped children is rewarding but challenging. A special education student usually needs a longer period of time to acquire information. Repetitive teaching techniques are often beneficial, and indefatigable (孜孜不倦) consistency on the part of the teacher is frequently necessary. Interactive videodisc courseware has characteristics that can be capitalized upon to meet the challenges that special education poses. A videodisc program is infinitely patient. Repetition of any videodisc lesson can continue endlessly, and designers can assure absolute consistency within a program. Most important, according to special educator William Healey of the University of Arizona, is that videodisc "adds an extra dimension of realism for children who need graphic representations."Healey explained that deaf and mentally retarded children especially have difficulty grasping figurative language and higher-order language concepts. He believes that for special education, the power of videodisc lies in the ability of the technology to visually represent language concepts normally taken for granted by non-handicapped persons. Complex figurative language forms such as idioms and metaphors come most readily to mind as being difficult for handicapped learners. The special education mentioned in the text is mainly concerned with____. 【单选题】

A.genius students from day-care centers to colleges

B.students who are fond of computer video games

C.teachers of language in the University of Arizona

D.students who are either mentally or physically disabled

正确答案:D

答案解析:由文章第1段“Handicapped students require special education because they are. . . ”可知，文中提及的特殊教育针对的是有智力和身体残疾的学生们，故选D。

3、The Book of LifeSo far, scientists have named about 1.6 million living species, and that\'s a just a fraction of that probably exists on Earth. With so many plants, animals and other creatures coveting the planet, it can be tough to figure out what type of spider is moving up your leg or what kind of bird is flying by.A soon - to - be - started Web site might help. An international team of researchers has announced the creation of Web - based Encyclopedia of life( EOL). The project aims to catalog every species on Earth in a single, easy - to - use reference guide.To get the encyclopedia started, the creators will use information from scientific databases that already exist. And eventually, in special sections of the site, nonscientist with specialized knowledge will get to join in. Bird - watchers, for example, will be able to input which bird they\'ve seen and where. The technology for this kind of tool has only become available.As the EOL develops, you might find it useful for school projects. The site will feature special pages for kids who are studying ecosystems (生态系统) in their neighborhoods. To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate, scientists will review much of the information added to it. People who visit the site will be able to choose to leave out pages that haven\'t been reviewed.Another convenient feature of the EOL is that you\'ll be able to pick the level of detail you want to see to match your interest, age and knowledge. If you wanted to learn about bears for a science class report, for example, you could use the "novice" setting to get basic information about the animals. On the "expert" setting, on the other hand, you could get much more detailed information about the history, literature and exploration of bears.It now takes years for scientist to collect all the data they need to describe and analyze species. The creator of the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed up that process.The goal of the creation of the EOL is to ______.【单选题】

A.collect enough data to analyze the living species on Earth

B.work out an easy -to - use catalog of every living species on Earth

C.enlarge an existing Web site of the living species on Earth

D.add new information to the existing databases of the living species on Earth

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要读懂句意。带着题干信息词回文章定位，答案依据主要在文章第二段后面两句：An international team of researchers has announced the creation of Web - based Encyclopedia of life( EOL). The project aims to catalog every species on Earth in a single，easy - to - use reference guide.谈到了物种百科网站创建的目的，回来看选项，B项和原文句意相近，是答案。

4、The carCars are an important part of life in the United States. Without a car most people feel that they are poor. And even if a person is poor he doesn\'t feel really poor when he has a car. Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars in large numbers. He probably didn\'t know how much the car was going to affect American culture. The car made the United Stated a nation on wheels. And it helped make the United States what it is today. There are three main reasons why the car becomes so popular in the United States. First of all, the country is a huge one and Americans like to move around in it. The car provides the most comfortable and cheapest form of transportation. With a car people can go anylace without spending a lot of money. The second reason cars are popular is the fact that the United States never really developed an efficient and inexpensive form of public transportation. Long-distance trains have never been as common in the country as they are in other parts of the world. Nowadays there is a good system of air-service provided by planes. But it is too expensive to be used frequently. The third reason is the most important one, though. The American spirit of independence is what really made cars popular. Americans don\'t like to wait for a bus, or a train or even a plane. They don\'t like to have to follow an exact schedule. A car gives them the freedom to schedule their own time. And this is the freedom that Americans want most to have. The gas shortage has caused a big problem for Americans. But the answer will not be a bigger system of public transportation. The real solution will have to be a new kind of car, one that does not use so much gas. With a car people can go ____ easily. 【单选题】

A.anywhere

B.to anyplace

C.to anywhere

D.any place

正确答案:A

答案解析:第3段末尾“With a car people call go anyplace without spending a lot of money”，anyplace连在一起写等于anywhere，都是副词，可以直接与动词连用，但是不与介词to连用，所以B、C是错误选项。而分开写的any place是名词词组，需要与to连用。所以A是正确答案。

5、Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle event-flowering, the appearance of leaves, the first frog calls of the spring all around the world. But ecologists can\'t be everywhere so they\'re turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists, for help. Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, they\'re asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people too observe a very specific research interest-birds, trees, flowers budding, etc. and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All that\'s needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in. A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phenology Network. "Phenology" is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature. One of the group\'s first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program, called Project BudBurst, collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States. People participating in the project which is open to everyone record their observations on the Project BudBurst website. "People don\'t have to be plant experts, they just have to look around and see what\'s in their neighborhood," says Jennifer Schwartz, an education consultant with the project. "As we collect this data, we\'ll be able to make an estimate of how plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes. "What is NOT true of Project BudBurst?【单选题】

A.Only experts can participate in it.

B.Everybody can participate in it.

C.It collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants.

D.It has its own website.

正确答案:A

答案解析:文章全文都在说普通人参与科学研究的项目，因此只有选项A不符合。其他选项都能在文中找出。