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（一）

Intelligent Test

There is more agreement on the kinds of behavior referred to by the term “intelligence” than there is on how to interpret or classify them. 2) But it is generally agreed that a person of high intelligence is one who can grasp ideas readily make distinctions reason logically and make use of verbal and mathematical symbols in solving problems. 3) An intelligence test is a rough measure of a child’s capacity for learning particularly for learning the kinds of things required in school. 4) It does not measure character social adjustment physical endurance manual skills or artistic abilities. 5) It is not supposed to-- it was not designed for such purposes. 6) To criticize it for such failure is roughly comparable to criticizing a thermometer for not measuring wind velocity. 7) Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a “valid” or “fair” comparison.

参考译文

人们对智力所指的有那些不同表现看法比较一致，而对这些表现如何进行解释和分类，意见就不那么一致了。但人们一般认为智力高的人在处理问题时能抓住要点，善于区分，能进行逻辑推理，和利用语言和数学符号。智力测试只能很粗地衡量孩子的学习能力，尤其是学习学校要求的东西的能力。智力测试并不能衡量一个人的个性，社会适应力，耐力性，劳动技能，或艺术才能。人们不认为能做到这些，当初也不是为这些目的设计的。批评智力测试不能做到这一些，就如同批评温度计不能测风速一样。既然对智力的评估是相对而言的，那么我们必须确保，在对我们的对像进行比较时，我们所使用的尺度能提供“有效的”或“公正的”比较。

（二）

A political Speech

1) Within a very short time of coming back into power the present government had taken steps to stabilize the position.2) First of all we applied ourselves to identifying the root causes of our national ailments examining contemporary evidence and refusing to be slaves to outmoded doctrinaire beliefs.3) Secondly we embarked on a reasoned policy to ensure steady economic growth the modernization of industry and a proper balance between public and private expenditure.4) Thirdly by refusing to take refuge—as the previous Government had continually done in the preceding years –in panic –stricken stop-gap measures we stimulated the return of international confidence.5) As a result of those immediate measures and aided by the tremendous effort which they evoked from our people who responded as so often before to a firm hand at the helm we weathered the storm and moved on into calmer waters and a period of economic expansion and social reorganization

参考译文

在重新执政后极短的时间里，本届政府就采取了许多措施来稳定局势。首先，我们致力于找出国内种种常弊病的根本原因仔细研究当时的症状，而不是墨守过时的成规教条。第二我们采取了经过深思熟虑的政策以保证经济的稳步发展，工业的现代化，以及公私支出之间的平衡。第三，我们没有采取上届政府前几年的一贯做法，没有因为惊慌失措而安于一些补漏洞的权宜之计，因此我们促使了我们国际信誉得到恢复。由于采取了这些措施，由于我国人民——他们一如既往，对坚定的掌舵人作出积极的响应——在这些措施激励之下作出了巨大的努力，为我们提供了帮助，我们经受了风暴，进入了比较平静的海面，进入了一个经济发展与社会重组的时期。

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