2025年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理历年真题5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、Hundreds of buildings were wrecked by the earthquake.【单选题】

A.damaged

B.shaken

C.fallen

D.jumped

正确答案:A

答案解析:数百座楼房在地震中被毁坏。本题难度不大，考察的是单词的基础含义，干扰项干扰不强，wrecked指“毁坏”，和damaged“毁坏”是同义词，shaken“摇动”，fallen，意为“趺落”，都不是最佳答案，答案是A。

2、Cancer1. Cancer is aｇｒｏｕｐof many related diseases that begin in cells, the body\'s basic building blocks. The body is made up of many types of cells. Normally, cells grow ａｎｄ　divide to produce more cells as they are needed to keep the body healthy. Sometimes, this orderly process goes wrong. New cells form when the body does not need them, ａｎｄ　old cells do not die when they should. The extra cells form a mass of tissue called a growth ｏｒtumｏｒ肿瘤). Benign(良性的) tumors are not cancer. They can often be removed and, in most cases, they do not come back. Malignant (恶性的) tumors are cancer. Cells in malignant tumors are abnormal ａｎｄ　divide without control ｏｒorder.2. Scientists have learned that cancer is caused by changes in genes that normally control the growth ａｎｄ　death of cells. Certain lifestyle ａｎｄ　environmental factors can change some normal genes into genes that allow the growth of cancer. Many gene changes that lead to cancer are the result of tobacco use, diet, exposure to ultraviolet(紫外线的) radiation from the sun, ｏｒexposure to carcinogens (致症物) in the workplace ｏｒin the environment. Some gene alterations are inherited.3. Cancer treatment can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy(化疗), hormone therapy, ａｎｄ　biological therapy. The doctｏｒmay use one method ｏｒa combination of methods, depending on the type ａｎｄ　location of the cancer, whether the disease has spread, the patient\'s age ａｎｄ　general health ａｎｄ　other factors. Because treatment fｏｒcancer can also damage healthy cells ａｎｄ　tissues, it often causes side effects. Patients ａｎｄ　doctors generally discuss the treatment options, weighting the likely benefits of killing cancer cells ａｎｄ　the risks of possible side effects.4. Having cancer does not always mean having pain. Whether a patient has pain may depend on the type of cancer, the extent of the disease ａｎｄ　the patient\'s tolerance fｏｒpain. Most pain occurs when the cancer grows ａｎｄ　presses against bones, organs, ｏｒnerves. Pain may also be a side effect of treatment. However, pain can generally be relieved ｏｒreduced with prescription medicines ｏｒover - the - counter drugs recommended by the doctor.Paragraph 1 ______【单选题】

A.How is cancer treated?

B.Does cancer always cause pain?

C.Can cancer be prevented?

D.What is cancer?

E.How common is cancer?

F.What causes cancer?

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题难度不大，段落主旨句比较明显，是文章第一段的第一句，谈到了癌症的概念，谈到癌症是始于细胞病变的综合相关疾病，回来看选项，D项What is cancer?简单概括了本段意思，是答案。

3、Importance of Children\'s Oral HealthFebruary is National Children\'s Dental(牙齿的) Health Month, but in children good oral(口部的) care is critical every day. The first comprehensive study on the nation\'s oral health, released recently by the Office of the U. S. Surgeon General, calls dental ａｎｄ　oral diseases a "silent epidemic (流行病)", even in children. The report states that more than 51 million school hours are lost each year to dental - related illness. In fact, a recent study pointed to dental care as the most common unmet health need among American children.To help counter this, the American Academy of Periodontology (牙周病学) (AAP) is launching an effort to educate children ａｎｄ　parents about the prevention of dental diseases in children."This is important because oral problems can impact self - esteem fｏｒchildren ａｎｄ　lead to problems of eating, speaking ａｎｄ　attending to learning," said Michael McGuire, president of the AAP.Common dental problems seen in children are cavities (龋洞) ａｎｄ　gingivitis (龈炎), which are found in the majority of U. S. children. "When these problems are not caught early ａｎｄ　treated, they can develop into more severe problems ａｎｄ　cause unnecessary suffering," said McGuire. "However, much of the time, oral problems are avoidable problems."In the Rio Grande Valley in Texas, aｇｒｏｕｐof more than 120 dentists(牙医) volunteers to deliver dental care to thousands of low - income children each year with its Mobile Dental Unit that travels from school to school."According to the Surgeon General\'s Report, about 37 percent of children have not had a dental visit before starting school," said McGuire. When children don\'t see dentists, they miss the opportunity to have problems caught early before they develop into larger, more expensive problems to treat, ａｎｄ　parents miss the opportunity to learn how to promote good oral habits in their children.Boys miss more school hours each year due to dental - related illness.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要通读全文，吃透原文句意。主要答案依据是第一段第三句：The reports states that more than 51 million school hours are lost each year to dental - related illness,谈到因为患牙齿相关疾病，美国学生每年缺课时达5100多万，但并没有提到男孩比女孩缺课时更多，本题是未提及，答案是C。

4、Youth Emancipation in SpainThe Spanish Government is so worried about the number of young adults still living with their parents that it has decided to help them leave the nest.Around 55 percent of people aged 18 ～ 34 in Spain still sleep in their parents\' home, says the latest report from the country\'s state - run Institute of Youth.To coax (劝诱) young people from their homes, the Institute started a "Youth Emancipation(解放)" programme this month. The programme offers guidance in finding rooms ａｎｄ　jobs.Economists blame young people\'s family dependence on the precarious (不稳定的) labour market ａｎｄ　increasing housing prices. Housing prices have risen 17 percent a year since 2000.Cultural reasons also contribute to the problem, say sociologists (社会学家). Family ties in south Europe (Italy, Portugal ａｎｄ　Greece) are stronger than those in middle ａｎｄ　north Europe, said Spanish sociologist Almudena Moreno Minguez in her report "The Late Emancipation of Spanish Youth: Key fｏｒUnderstanding"."In general, young people in Spain firmly believe in the family as the main body around which their private life is organized," said Minguez.In Spain, especially in the countryside, it is not uncommon to find entire groups of aunts, uncles, cousins, nieces ａｎｄ　nephews (外甥／侄子) all living on the same street. They regularly get together fｏｒSunday dinner.Parents tolerance is another factor. Spanish parents accept late - night partying ａｎｄ　are wary of setting bedtime rules."A child can arrive home at whatever time he wants. If parents complain he\'ll put up a fight ａｎｄ　call the father a fascist," said Jose Antonio Gomez Yanez, a sociologist at Carlos Ill University in Madrid.Mothers willingness to do children\'s household chores (家务) worsens the problem. Dionisio Masso, a 60 - year - old in Madrid, has three children in their 20s, The eldest 28, has a girlfriend ａｎｄ　a job. But life with mum is good."His mum does the wash ａｎｄ　cooks fｏｒhim, in the end, he lives well," Masso said.It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that family ties are stronger in Portugal than in ______.【单选题】

A.Greece

B.Finland

C.Spain

D.Italy

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题难度不大，是送分题。第五段第二句谈到了欧洲南部国家的家庭联系比欧洲中部和北部的国家更紧密，结合地理知识，芬兰位于北部，所以答案是B，此外，即使不靠地理知识，也可使用排除法做对这道题目，作者列举了三个国家都是在欧洲南部，选项A，C，D都是作者提到的，可以明显被排除掉，答案只能是B。

5、Human Heart Can Make New CellsSolving a longstanding (为时甚久的) mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues to generate new cardiac(心脏的 ) cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.The finding, published in the April 3 issue of Science, could open a new path fｏｒthe treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure ａｎｄ　heart attack, experts say."We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes (心肌细胞), are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen, a professｏｒof stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. "It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we are born with ｏｒif they could be renewed," he said.The process of renewing these cells changes over time, Frisen added. In a 20 - year - old, about I percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year, but the turnover (更替) rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75."If we can understａｎｄ　how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated, it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals (药物) that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after, fｏｒexample, a heart attack," Frisen said.That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts."A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure," noted co - authｏｒDr. Ratan Bhardwaj, also from the Karolinska Institute. "Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said.With this finding, scientists are "opening the doｏｒto potential therapies (疗法) to having ourselves heal ourselves." Bhardwaj said. "Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new ａｎｄ　more cells to overcome the problem they are facing. "But barriers remain. According to Bhardwaj, scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off, especially in older patients with heart failure. In addition, the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts-whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.Chronic heart failure is attributed to ______.【单选题】

A.the dying heart cells

B.the effect of pharmaceuticals

C.the weight of the patient

D.the life span of a person

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显。带着题干信息词回文章定位，答案依据是文章第七段最后一句，谈到慢性心脏衰竭是由心肌细胞的死亡引起的，回来看选项，A项和原文句意相符，是答案。