2025年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理补全短文分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、PopulationThe advantages ａｎｄ　disadvantages of large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists. ____. To feed a large population, inferiｏｒlａｎｄ　must be cultivated ａｎｄ　the good lａｎｄ　worked intensively. produces less ａｎｄ　this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population . Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope fｏｒspecialization ａｎｄ　the development of facilities such as ports, roads ａｎｄ　railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demａｎｄ　to justify themOne of the difficulties in carrying out a worldwide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development ａｎｄ　the availability of food ａｎｄ　raw materials. In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space ａｎｄ　natural resources, concern of government to plane a ｌｉｍｉｔon the birth rate, whatever the consequences may be. In a highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex. A decreasing birth rate may lead to unemployment it results in a declining market fｏｒmanufactured goods. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline ａｎｄ　the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable ｏｒin decline.【单选题】

A.which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demａｎｄ　to justify them

B.It has been argued that the supply of good lａｎｄ　is limited

C.it will be the first concern of government to plane a ｌｉｍｉｔon the birth rate, whatever the consequences may be

D.Thus, each person produces less ａｎｄ　this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population

E.A small population may mean lower productivity, but a higher average income

F.because it results in a declining market fｏｒmanufactured goods

正确答案:B

答案解析:从后面一句可知，该句很可能讲述的是土地的问题。答案B说，肥沃的土地是有限的，正好与后一句所说的“开垦欠肥沃的土地并精耕细作肥沃土地”相吻合，形成语义上的连贯。

2、The Process of AgeingAt the age of twelve years, the human body is at its most vigorous. It has yet to reach its full size ａｎｄ　strength, ａｎｄ　its owner his ｏｒher full intelligence; but at this age the likelihood of death is the least. Earlier, we were infants ａｎｄ　young children, ａｎｄ　consequently more vulnerable; later, we shall undergo a progressive loss of our vigｏｒresistance which, though imperceptible (察觉不出的) at first, will finally become so steep that we can live no longer, however well we look after ourselves, ａｎｄ　however well society, ａｎｄ　our doctors, look after us ____. If we escape wars, accidents ａｎｄ　diseases, we shall eventually "die of old age", ａｎｄ　this happens at a rate which differs little from person to person. Some of us will die sooner, a few will live longer. But there is a virtual ｌｉｍｉｔon how long we can hope to remain alive, however lucky ａｎｄ　robust we are.Normal people tend to forget this process until they are reminded of it. We are so familiar with the fact that man ages, that people have fｏｒyears assumed that the process of losing vigｏｒwith time was something self-evident, like the cooling of a hot kettle ｏｒthe wearing-out of a pair of shoes. "They have also assumed that all animals, ａｎｄ　probably other organisms such as trees, ｏｒeven the universe itself, must in the nature of things "wear out". Most animals we commonly observe do in fact age as we do; ａｎｄ　mechanical systems like a wound watch, ｏｒthe sun, do in fact run out of energy. But these are not analogous to what happens when man ages. A run-down watch is still a watch ａｎｄ　can be rewound. ａｎｄ　old watch, by contrast, becomes so worn ａｎｄ　unreliable that it eventually is not worth mending. But a watch could never repair itself it does not consist of living parts, only of metal, which wears away by friction (摩擦). We could, at one time tune, repair ourselves well enough, at least to overcome all but the most instantly fatal illnesses ａｎｄ　accidents. Between twelve ａｎｄ　eighty years we gradually lose this power.an illness which at twelve would knock us over, at eighty can knock us out, ａｎｄ　into our grave. If we could stay as vigorous as we are at twelve, it would take about 700 years fｏｒhalf of us to die, ａｎｄ　another 700 of the survivors to be reduced by half again.【单选题】

A. Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death

B. an illness which at twelve would knock us over, at eighty can knock us out, ａｎｄ　into our grave

C. ａｎｄ　mechanical systems like a wound watch, ｏｒthe sun, do in fact run out of energy

D.This decline in vigｏｒwith the passing of time is called ageing

E.ａｎｄ　old watch, by contrast, becomes so worn ａｎｄ　unreliable that it eventually is not worth mending

F.ａｎｄ　this happens at a rate which differs little from person to person

正确答案:D

答案解析:前一句（从later开始）讲述了逐渐丧失精力的过程。所选句是对前一句话的一个总结，“这种随着时间的流逝而精力衰退的现象我们称为衰老”。

3、Mobile PhonesMobile phones should carry a label if they proved to be a dangerous source of radiation, according to Robert Bell, a scientist. ａｎｄ　no more mobile phone transmitter towers should be build until the long-term health effects of the electromagnetic radiation they emit is scientifically evaluated, he said. "Nobody\'s going to ｄｒｅｐdead overnight but we should be asking fｏｒmore scientific information," Robert Bell said at a conference on the health effects of low-level radiation. “If mobile phones are found to be dangerous, they should carry a warning label until proper shields can be devised,” he said.A report widely circulated among the public says that up to now scientists do not really know enough to guarantee there are no ill effects on humans from electromagnetic radiation. According to Robert Bell, there are 3.3 million mobile phones in Australia alone ａｎｄ　they are increasing by 2,000 a day. By the year 2000 it is estimated that Australia will have 8 million mobile phones: nearly one fｏｒevery two people.As well, there are 2,000 transmitter towers around Australia, many in high density residential areas. Fｏｒexample, Telstra, Optus ａｎｄ　Videophone build their towers where it is geographically suitable to them ａｎｄ　disregard the need of the community. The electromagnetic radiation emitted from these towers may have already produced some harmful effects on the health of the residents nearby.Robert Bell suggests that until more research is completed the Government should ban construction of phone towers from within a 500 metre radius of school grounds, child care centres, hospitals, sports playing fields ａｎｄ　residential areas with a high percentage of children. ____ He adds that there is also evidence that if cancer sufferers are subjected to electromagnetic waves the growth rate of the disease accelerates.Then who finances the research? According to Robert Bell, it is reasonable fｏｒthe majｏｒtelephone companies to fund it. Besides, he also urges the Government to ｓｅｔup a wide ranging inquiry in to possible health effects.【单选题】

A.He says there is emerging evidence that children absorb low-level radiation at a rate more than three times that of adults.

B.By the year 2000 it is estimated that Australia will have 11 million mobile phones: nearly one fｏｒevery two people.

C.“If mobile phones are found to be dangerous, they should carry a warning label until proper shields can be devised,”he said.

D.Then who finances the research?

E.Fｏｒexample, Telstra, Optus ａｎｄ　Videophone build their towers where it is geographically suitable to them ａｎｄ　disregard the need of the community.

F.The conclusion is that mobile phones bring more harm than benefit.

正确答案:A

答案解析:前一句说的是Robert Bell建议政府应该禁止在学校操场、儿童日托中心、医院、运动场所以及儿童占比例较高的居住场所方圆500米范围内建发射塔。选项A说明要这样做的原因，因而是正确答案。

4、Cars Are Good fｏｒthe Environment，HonestBritain\'s motｏｒindustry is planning a majｏｒpublicity campaign to counter what it sees as an official anti-car bias ａｎｄ　to improve the environmental image of the cars, according to documents leaked to the pressure group, Friends of the Earth (FOE). The five-year campaign could cost up to ￡12 million.The internal document which was produced last month by the Society of MotｏｒManufacturers ａｎｄ　Traders, says that the "ultimate objective of the campaign must be to protect the long-term commercial freedom of the motｏｒindustry ａｎｄ　the lifestyle freedom of car users". The campaign will highlight the motｏｒindustry\'s efforts to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide. European car manufacturers have already agreed with the European Com mission to reduce CO2 emissions from new cars by 25 percent to target of 140 grams per kilometer by 2008. However, the document also reveals that the industry is someway from meeting the target. Fｏｒexample, last year\'s new cars exceed an average of 192 grams per kilometre—some 37 percent above the target.To help control these emissions, the government has proposed replacing the flat rate annual tax on cars with a tax related to engine size so that owners of large gas-guzzler would pay more than owners of small cars. ____Richard Barnet, the society\'s media manager, says: "We will work with the government to practice a practical system. " But Ian Willmore of FOE says the industry “may pose as partners of the government, but its real intention is to frustrate serious attempts to reduce traffic levels”.【单选题】

A.The campaign will highlight the motｏｒindustry\'s efforts to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide.

B.But the motｏｒindustry opposes taxes on persons owning cars preferring taxes on use.

C.The five-year campaign could cost up to ￡15 million.

D.The reason why cars are good fｏｒthe environment is obvious.

E.But Ian Willmore of FOE says the industry “may pose as partners of the government, but its real intention is to frustrate serious attempts to reduce traffic levels”.

F.Fｏｒexample, last year\'s new cars exceed an average of 192 grams per kilometre—some 40 percent above the target.

正确答案:B

答案解析:通过阅读可知本段主要讲述tax，所以从内容上看只有B选项符合。

5、SemcoAt 21, Ricardo Semler became boss of his father-s business in Brazil, Semco, which sold parts fｏｒships. Semler Juniｏｒworked like a madman, from 7:30 am. , until midnight every day. One afternoon, while touring a factory in New York, he collapsed. The doctｏｒwho treated him said, "There\'s nothing wrong with you. But if you continue like this, you\'ll find a new home in our hospital." Semler got the message. He changed the way he worked. In fact, he changed the way his employees worked too.He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong. He allowed them to ｓｅｔtheir own salaries, ａｎｄ　he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary, like receptionists ａｎｄ　secretaries. This saved money ａｎｄ　brought more equality to the company. "Everyone at Semco, even top managers, meets guests in reception, does the photocopying, sends faxes, types letters ａｎｄ　dials the phone."He completely reorganized the office, instead of walls, they have plants at Semco, so bosses can\'t shut themselves away from everyone else. ____ As fｏｒuniforms, some people wear suits ａｎｄ　others wear T - shirts.Semler says, "We have a sales manager named Rubin Agater who sits there reading the newspaper hour after hour. He doesn\'t even pretend to be busy. But when a Semco pump an the other side of the world fails ａｎｄ　millions of gallons of oil are about to spill into the sea, Rubin springs into action.He knows everything there is to know about our pumps ａｎｄ　how to fix them. That\'s when he earns his salary. No one cares if he doesn\'t look busy the rest of the time."Semco has flexible working hours, the employees decide when they need to arrive at work, The employees also evaluate their bosses twice a year. Also, Semco lets its workers use the company\'s machines fｏｒtheir own projects, ａｎｄ　makes them take holidays fｏｒat least thirty days a year.It sounds perfect, but does it work? The answer is in the numbers. In the last six years, Semco\'s revenues have gone from $ 35 million to $ 212 million. The company has grown from eight hundred employees to 3,000, Why?Semler says it\'s because of "peer pressure". Peer pressure makes everyone work hard fｏｒeveryone else. doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue. In other words, Ricardo Semler treats his workers like adults ａｎｄ　expects them to act like adults, ａｎｄ　they do. 【单选题】

A.Also, Semco lets its workers use the company\'s machines fｏｒtheir own projects, ａｎｄ　makes them take holidays fｏｒat least thirty days a year.

B.Most managers spend their time making it difficult fｏｒworkers to work.

C.This saved money ａｎｄ　brought more equality to the company.

D.ａｎｄ　the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want.

E.He knows everything there is to know about our pumps ａｎｄ　how to fix them.

F.If someone isn\'t doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue.

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题难度也较大，需要认真阅读文章，可用排除法和代入法。本题的上文谈到了新老板重新布置了办公室，下文转到谈论工作制服，可以推断，本题会接着办公室工作环境谈，回来找选项，D谈到了员工办公室，把D代入原文中，符合上下文逻辑，是答案。