2024年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理阅读理解分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、Arctic MeltEarth\'s North ａｎｄ　South Poles are famous fｏｒbeing cold ａｎｄ　icy. Last year, however, the amount of ice in the Arctic Ocean (北冰群) fell to a record low.Normally, ice builds in Arctic waters around the North Pole each winter ａｎｄ　shrinks(缩小) during the summer. But fｏｒmany years, the amount of ice left by the end of summer has been declining.Since 1979, each decade has seen an 11.4 percent ｄｒｅｐin end of summer ice cover. Between 1981 ａｎｄ　2000, ice in the Arctic lost 22 percent of its thickness, becoming 1.13 meters thinner.Last summer, Arctic sea ice reached its thinnest levels. By the end of summer 2007, the ice had shrunk to cover just 4.2 million square kilometers. That\'s 38 percent less area than the average cover at that time of year. ａｎｄ　it\'s a very large 23 percent below the previous record low, which was ｓｅｔjust 2 years ago. This continuing trend has made scientists concerned to.There may be several reasons fｏｒthe ice melt, says Jinlun Zhang, an oceanographer (海洋学家)at the University of Washington in Seattle. Unusually strong winds blew through the Arctic last summer. The winds pushed much of the ice out of the central Arctic, leaving a large area of thin ice ａｎｄ　open water.Scientists also suspect that fewer clouds cover the Arctic now than in the past. Clearer skies allow more sunlight to reach the ocean. The extra heat warms both the water ａｎｄ　the atmosphere. In parts of the Arctic Ocean last year, surface temperatures were 3.57 Celsius warmer than the average ａｎｄ　1.5c warmer than the previous record.With both air ａｎｄ　water getting warmer, the ice is melting from both above ａｎｄ　below. In some parts of the Beaufort Sea, north of Alaska ａｎｄ　western Canada, ice that measured 3.3 meters thick at the beginning of the summer was measured just 50 cm by season\'s endThe new measurements suggest that melting is far more severe than the thinking of scientists. Some scientists fear that the Arctic is stuck in a warming trend.By the end of summer 2007 the ice cover in the Arctic was ______【单选题】

A.38 million square kilometers

B.4.2 million square kilometers

C.1.13 million square kilometers

D.11.4 million square kilometers

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，文章第四段第二句谈到了，到2007年夏季结束时，冰层缩减至仅覆盖420万平方公里，所以答案是B。

2、Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize AnnouncementsTwo scientists who have won praise fｏｒresearch into the growth of cancer cells could be candidates fｏｒthe Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are presented on Monday, kicking off six days of Nobel announcements. Australian-born U. S. citizen Elizabeth Blackburn ａｎｄ　American Carol Greider have already won a series of medical honors fｏｒtheir enzyme research ａｎｄ　experts say they could be among the front-runners fｏｒa Nobel. Only seven women have won the medicine prize since the first Nobel Prizes were handed out in 1901. The last female winner was U. S. researcher Linda Buck in 2004, who shared the prize with Richard Axel. Among the pair\'s possible rivals are Frenchman Pierre Chambon ａｎｄ　Americans Ronald Evans ａｎｄ　Elwood Jensen, who opened up the field of studying proteins called nuclear hormone receptors. As usual, the award committee is giving no hints about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a news conference at Stockholm\'s Karolinska Institute. Alfred Nobel, the Swede who invented dynamite, established the prizes in his will in the categories of medicine, physics, chemistry, literature ａｎｄ　peace. The economics prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Sweden\'s central bank. Nobel left few instructions on how to select-winners, but medicine winners are typically awarded fｏｒa specific breakthrough rather than a body of research. Hans Jornvall, secretary of the medicine prize committee, said the 10 million kronｏｒ(US$1. 3 million) prize encourages groundbreaking research but he did not think winning it was the primary goal fｏｒscientists. "Individual researchers probably don\'t look at themselves as potential Nobel Prize winners when they\'re at work," Jornvall told The Associated Press. "They get their kicks from their research ａｎｄ　their interest in how life functions. "In 2006, Blackburn, of the University of California, "San Francisco, ａｎｄ　Greider, of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, shared the Lasker prize fｏｒbasic medical research with Jack Szostak of Harvard Medical School. Their work ｓｅｔthe stage fｏｒresearch suggesting that cancer cells use telomerase to sustain their uncontrolled growthWhich is NOT true of Alfred Nobel?【单选题】

A.He was from Sweden.

B.He was the inventｏｒof dynamite.

C.He established the prizes in his will.

D.He gave clear instructions on how to ｓｅｌｅｃｔwinners.

正确答案:D

答案解析:短文的第7段说到，对于如何选拔获奖者诺贝尔并没有多少交代。

3、The carCars are an important part of life in the United States. Without a car most people feel that they are poor. ａｎｄ　even if a person is poｏｒhe doesn\'t feel really poｏｒwhen he has a car. Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars in large numbers. He probably didn\'t know how much the car was going to affect American culture. The car made the United Stated a nation on wheels. ａｎｄ　it helped make the United States what it is today. There are three main reasons why the car becomes so popular in the United States. First of all, the country is a huge one ａｎｄ　Americans like to move around in it. The car provides the most comfortable ａｎｄ　cheapest form of transportation. With a car people can go anylace without spending a lot of money. The second reason cars are popular is the fact that the United States never really developed an efficient ａｎｄ　inexpensive form of public transportation. Long-distance trains have never been as common in the country as they are in other parts of the world. Nowadays there is a good system of air-service provided by planes. But it is too expensive to be used frequently. The third reason is the most important one, though. The American spirit of independence is what really made cars popular. Americans don\'t like to wait fｏｒa bus, ｏｒa train ｏｒeven a plane. They don\'t like to have to follow an exact schedule. A car gives them the freedom to schedule their own time. ａｎｄ　this is the freedom that Americans want most to have. The gas shortage has caused a big problem fｏｒAmericans. But the answer will not be a bigger system of public transportation. The real solution will have to be a new kind of car, one that does not use so much gas. With a car people can go ____ easily. 【单选题】

A.anywhere

B.to anyplace

C.to anywhere

D.any place

正确答案:A

答案解析:第3段末尾“With a car people call go anyplace without spending a lot of money”，anyplace连在一起写等于anywhere，都是副词，可以直接与动词连用，但是不与介词to连用，所以B、C是错误选项。而分开写的any place是名词词组，需要与to连用。所以A是正确答案。

4、Storms Sink ShipsRescuers have found the bodies of over 130 people killed in two ferry disasters in Bangladesh. The accidents happened during a storm that hit the country on April 21. Hundreds more are missing ｏｒfeared dead. The two ferries sank in different rivers near the capital city of Dhakfi as strong winds ａｎｄ　rain hit the South Asian country. The government has since banned all ferries ａｎｄ　other boats from traveling at night during the April-May stormy season. One of the ferries, MV Mitali, was carrying far more people than it was supposed to. About 400 passengers fitted into a space made fｏｒjust 300, police said. The second ferry carried about 100 passengers. "The number of deaths is certain to rise." said an official in charge of the rescue work. "No one really knows how many people were on board the ferry ｏｒhow many of them survived. Ferries in Bangladesh don\'t always keep passenger lists, making it difficult to determine the exact number of people on board. Besides the ferry accidents, at least 40 people were killed ａｎｄ　400 injured by lightning strikes, falling houses ａｎｄ　trees ａｎｄ　the sinking of small boats. Storms are common this time of year in Bangladesh, as are boating accidents. Ferry disasters take away hundreds of lives every year in a nation of 130 million people. Officials blame these river accidents on a lack of safety measures too many passengers in boats ａｎｄ　not enough checks on weather conditions. Ferries are a common means of transport in Bangladesh. It is a country covered by about 230 rivers. Some 20,000 ferries use the nation\'s Waterways every year. ａｎｄ　many of them are dangerously overcrowded. Since 1977, more than 3,000 people have died in some 260 boating accidents.How many passengers was MV Mitali designed to carry?【单选题】

A.500

B.100

C.400

D.300

正确答案:D

答案解析:该题问的是：渡船MV Mitali设计载客量是多少？答案在第4段第2句：把大约400个旅客装进了只能容纳300个旅客的空间。

5、Light Night, Dark StarsThousands of people around the globe step outside to gaze at their night sky. On a clear night, with no clouds, moonlight, ｏｒartificial lights to block the view, people can see more than 14,000 stars in the sky, says Dennis Ward, an astronomer(天文学家) with the University Corporation fｏｒAtmospheric Research( UCAR) in Boulder, Colo. But when people are surrounded by city lights, he says, they\'re lucky to see 150 stars.If you\'ve ever driven toward a big city at night ａｎｄ　seen its glow from a great distance, you\'ve witnessed light pollution. It occurs when light from streetlights, office buildings, signs, ａｎｄ　other sources streams into space ａｎｄ　illuminates (照亮) the night sky. This haze (朦胧) of light makes many stars invisible to people on Earth. Even at night, big cities like New York glow from light pollution, making stargazing difficult.Dust ａｎｄ　particles of pollution factories ａｎｄ　industries worsen the effects of light pollution. "If one city has a lot more light pollution than another," Ward says, "that city will suffer the effects of light pollution on a much greater scale."Hazy skies also make it far more difficult fｏｒastronomers to do their jobs.Cities are getting larger. Suburbs are growing in once dark, rural areas. Light from all this new development is increasingly obscuring (使变模糊) the faint (微弱的) light give off by distant stars. ａｎｄ　if scientists can\'t locate these objects, they can\'t learn more about them.Light pollution doesn\'t only affect star visibility. It can harm wild life too. It\'s clear that artificial light can attract animals, making them go off course. There\'s increasing evidence, fｏｒexample, that migrating (迁徙) birds use sunsets ａｎｄ　sunrises to help find their way, says Sydney Gauthreaux Jr. , a scientist at Clemson University in South Carolina, "When light occurs at night," he says, "it has a very disruptive (破坏性的) influence." Sometimes birds fly into lighted towers, high - rises, ａｎｄ　cables from radio ａｎｄ　television towers. Experts estimate that millions of birds die this way every year.The title "Light Night, Dark Stars" means ______.【单选题】

A.the night sky is brightly lit up ａｎｄ　stars are black

B.lights appear at night ａｎｄ　stars are seen in the dark

C.city lights at night illuminate stars in the sky

D.city lights illuminate the night sky, making stars invisible

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要通读全文，文章谈到人造光源使科学家无法观测到天空星体发出微弱光线，换句话说，夜晚的灯光使星星变暗了，回来看选项，D项符合原文句意，是答案。