2024年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理阅读理解分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、The carCars are an important part of life in the United States. Without a car most people feel that they are poor. ａｎｄ　even if a person is poｏｒhe doesn\'t feel really poｏｒwhen he has a car. Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars in large numbers. He probably didn\'t know how much the car was going to affect American culture. The car made the United Stated a nation on wheels. ａｎｄ　it helped make the United States what it is today. There are three main reasons why the car becomes so popular in the United States. First of all, the country is a huge one ａｎｄ　Americans like to move around in it. The car provides the most comfortable ａｎｄ　cheapest form of transportation. With a car people can go anylace without spending a lot of money. The second reason cars are popular is the fact that the United States never really developed an efficient ａｎｄ　inexpensive form of public transportation. Long-distance trains have never been as common in the country as they are in other parts of the world. Nowadays there is a good system of air-service provided by planes. But it is too expensive to be used frequently. The third reason is the most important one, though. The American spirit of independence is what really made cars popular. Americans don\'t like to wait fｏｒa bus, ｏｒa train ｏｒeven a plane. They don\'t like to have to follow an exact schedule. A car gives them the freedom to schedule their own time. ａｎｄ　this is the freedom that Americans want most to have. The gas shortage has caused a big problem fｏｒAmericans. But the answer will not be a bigger system of public transportation. The real solution will have to be a new kind of car, one that does not use so much gas. "A nation on wheels" means that____. 【单选题】

A.the country is producing the best cars in the world

B.everyone in this country owns a car

C.cars play a very important role in people\' lives

D.there are more cars than trains in this country

正确答案:C

答案解析:原文“The car made the United Stated a nation on wheels”说明，在美国汽车很受欢迎，汽车对于美国人来说是非常重要的。

2、DietPersons who are overweight should watch their diet carefully in ｏｒｃｅｒto lose pounds. The best way to do this is to start a weight control program. At first it is wise to talk with your doctor. He can advise you of the number of calories you should have in your meals each day. He can tell you about exercising while on your diet. A good rule is to lose slowly. A loss ofa pound ｏｒtwo is plenty. Plan meals around foods you know. This means that it is wise to include foods that you are used to ａｎｄ　that are part of your regular eating habits. When you have lost the weight you wish, simple items can be added to your diet so that you can maintain the weight you want. While you are dieting, try to build a pattern of eating that you can follow later to maintain your desired weight. When dieting, choose low-calorie foods. Avoid such items as fats, fried food, sweets, cakes, cream ａｎｄ　soft drinks. Try to take coffee ａｎｄ　tea without sugar ｏｒcream. Snacks can be part of your diet. Fｏｒexample, a piece of fruit ｏｒa simple dessert saved from mealtime can be eaten between meals. Keep busy! This way you will not be tempted to go off the diet. Make full use of opportunities to exercise. Try walking instead of riding whenever possible. Happy dieting !What is the main idea of the passage?【单选题】

A.How to diet.

B.Why we should diet.

C.What we should diet.

D.Where we should diet.

正确答案:A

答案解析:文章第1段第1句和第2句“Persons who are overweight should watch their diet carefully in ｏｒｃｅｒto lose pounds. The best way to do this is to start a weight control program”点明了本文的主要内容是“. . . the best way to do”，即方法问题。

3、Storms Sink ShipsRescuers have found the bodies of over 130 people killed in two ferry disasters in Bangladesh. The accidents happened during a storm that hit the country on April 21. Hundreds more are missing ｏｒfeared dead. The two ferries sank in different rivers near the capital city of Dhakfi as strong winds ａｎｄ　rain hit the South Asian country. The government has since banned all ferries ａｎｄ　other boats from traveling at night during the April-May stormy season. One of the ferries, MV Mitali, was carrying far more people than it was supposed to. About 400 passengers fitted into a space made fｏｒjust 300, police said. The second ferry carried about 100 passengers. "The number of deaths is certain to rise." said an official in charge of the rescue work. "No one really knows how many people were on board the ferry ｏｒhow many of them survived. Ferries in Bangladesh don\'t always keep passenger lists, making it difficult to determine the exact number of people on board. Besides the ferry accidents, at least 40 people were killed ａｎｄ　400 injured by lightning strikes, falling houses ａｎｄ　trees ａｎｄ　the sinking of small boats. Storms are common this time of year in Bangladesh, as are boating accidents. Ferry disasters take away hundreds of lives every year in a nation of 130 million people. Officials blame these river accidents on a lack of safety measures too many passengers in boats ａｎｄ　not enough checks on weather conditions. Ferries are a common means of transport in Bangladesh. It is a country covered by about 230 rivers. Some 20,000 ferries use the nation\'s Waterways every year. ａｎｄ　many of them are dangerously overcrowded. Since 1977, more than 3,000 people have died in some 260 boating accidents.The two ferry disasters occurred____. 【单选题】

A.at noon.

B.in the morning.

C.at night.

D.In the aftemoon.

正确答案:C

答案解析:文章中没有一个句子直接地提供了这方面的信息。但是第3段间接地传递了这方面的信息：政府自此后禁止所有的渡船和其他船只在四五月的暴风季节夜航。

4、The Value of AdvertisementMoney spent on advertising is worth spending. It serves directly to bring about a rapid sale of goods at reasonable prices, so setting up a firm home market ａｎｄ　making it possible to provide fｏｒexport at good price. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps greatly to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demａｎｄ　it causes an increased need fｏｒlabor, ａｎｄ　is therefore a nice way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television program would need to be doubled, ａｎｄ　travel by bus ｏｒsubway would cost more. ａｎｄ　perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a promise of reasonable value in the products ａｎｄ　services you buy. Besides the fact that twenty-seven Acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare produce anything that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people fｏｒa little while through misleading advertising. He will not do so fｏｒlong, fｏｒthe public has the good sense not to buy the poｏｒgoods more than once. If you see a product frequently advertised, it is the proof I know that the product does what is promised fｏｒit, ａｎｄ　that it has good value. Advertising does more fｏｒthe good of the public than any other force I can think of. There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a well-known television person declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was telling us the real difference. Of course advertising tries to persuade. If its messages were nothing but information, that would be difficult to get more people to buy, fｏｒeven the choice of the colｏｒof a shirt is a bit persuasive-advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known television person wants.What is the meaning of "touch on" in Paragraph 4?【单选题】

A.Feel slightly.

B.Strike gently.

C.Write quickly.

D.Mention briefly.

正确答案:D

答案解析:前3段讲了广告好处，第4段提到了广告的说服作用和告知作用，但仅是提到而已没有展开讲解，因此选D。

5、Strike in MTV NetworksScores of workers from MTV Networks walked off the job yesterday afternoon, filling the sidewalk outside the headquarters of its corporate parent, Viacom, to protest recent changes in benefits. The walkout highlighted the concerns of a category of workers who are sometimes called permalancers： permanent freelancers who work like full-time employees but do not receive the same benefits.Waving signs that read "Shame on Viacom", the workers, most of them in their 20s, demanded that MTV Networks reverse a plan to reduce health ａｎｄ　dental benefits fｏｒfreelancers beginning Jan. 1. In a statement, MTV Networks noted that its benefits program fｏｒfull-time employees had also undergone changes, ａｎｄ　it emphasized that the plan fｏｒfreelancers was still highly competitive within the industry. Many freelancers receive no corporate benefits. But some of the protesters asserted that corporations were competing to see which could provide the most mediocre health care coverage. Matthew Yonda, who works at Nickelodeon, held a sign that labeled the network "Sick-elodeon". "I\'ve worked here every day fｏｒthree years-I\'m not a freelancer," Mr. Yonda said. "They just call us freelancers in ｏｒｃｅｒto bar us from getting the same benefits as employees."The changes to the benefits package were announced last Tuesday. Freelancers were told that they would become eligible fｏｒbenefits after 160 days of work, beginning in January. While that eased previous eligibility rules, which required freelancers to work fｏｒ52 weeks before becoming eligible, it would have required all freelancers not yet eligible fｏｒbenefits to start the waiting period over again on Jan. 1. The 401 (k) plan was also removed On Thursday, acknowledging the complaints, MTV Networks reinstated the 401 (k) plan ａｎｄ　said freelancers who had worked consistently since March would be eligible.Fueled by a series of blog posts on the media web site Gawker-the first post was headlined "The Viacom Permalance Slave System" -a loose cohort of freelancers created protest stickers ａｎｄ　distributed walkout fliers last week. Caroline O\'Hare, a unit manager who has worked fｏｒMTV fｏｒmore than two years, said the new health care plan-with higher deductibles ａｎｄ　a $ 2,000 cap on hospital expenses each year-had provoked outrage. "They think they can treat us like children that don\'t have families, mortgages ｏｒdreams of retirement," she said.Outside Viacom\'s headquarters, several workers held posters with the words, "There\'s too many of us to ignore." It was unclear how many freelancers are on the company\'s payroll; an MTV Networks spokeswoman said the figure was not known because it rises ａｎｄ　falls throughout the year. The company has 5,500 full-time employees, excluding freelancers, around the world.Two freelancers ａｎｄ　one full-time employee, who asked not to be identified fｏｒfear of retribution, estimated that the percentage of freelancers in some departments exceeded 75 percent. Another labｏｒaction is expected to take place outside Viacom later this week. Members of the Writers Guild of America, who have been on strike fｏｒfive weeks, are expected to picket there on Thursday.The MTV Networks spokeswoman did not provide the number of freelancers on the payroll mostly probably because ______.【单选题】

A.the figure fluctuates throughout the year ａｎｄ　it is impossible to calculate the precise number

B.the company wants to keep it as a secret so as to better stａｎｄ　the protest

C.the company has no record of the freelancers since there is no such necessity

D.the company does not want to provide the freelancers with benefits enjoyed by the full-time employee

正确答案:B

答案解析:细节考查题。题干问的是MTV网络发言人没有提供薪水册上自由职业者的数量的最有可能的原因。答案参见第五段，MTV网络发言人声称这个数字全年都来回波动，但实际上公司掌握自己员工的具体数量应该很容易，很明显是因为公布该数据对公司不利，不想让外人知道，以便在这场罢工斗争中占据优势地位。