2024年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理阅读理解分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、Strike in MTV NetworksScores of workers from MTV Networks walked off the job yesterday afternoon, filling the sidewalk outside the headquarters of its corporate parent, Viacom, to protest recent changes in benefits. The walkout highlighted the concerns of a category of workers who are sometimes called permalancers： permanent freelancers who work like full-time employees but do not receive the same benefits.Waving signs that read "Shame on Viacom", the workers, most of them in their 20s, demanded that MTV Networks reverse a plan to reduce health ａｎｄ　dental benefits fｏｒfreelancers beginning Jan. 1. In a statement, MTV Networks noted that its benefits program fｏｒfull-time employees had also undergone changes, ａｎｄ　it emphasized that the plan fｏｒfreelancers was still highly competitive within the industry. Many freelancers receive no corporate benefits. But some of the protesters asserted that corporations were competing to see which could provide the most mediocre health care coverage. Matthew Yonda, who works at Nickelodeon, held a sign that labeled the network "Sick-elodeon". "I\'ve worked here every day fｏｒthree years-I\'m not a freelancer," Mr. Yonda said. "They just call us freelancers in ｏｒｃｅｒto bar us from getting the same benefits as employees."The changes to the benefits package were announced last Tuesday. Freelancers were told that they would become eligible fｏｒbenefits after 160 days of work, beginning in January. While that eased previous eligibility rules, which required freelancers to work fｏｒ52 weeks before becoming eligible, it would have required all freelancers not yet eligible fｏｒbenefits to start the waiting period over again on Jan. 1. The 401 (k) plan was also removed On Thursday, acknowledging the complaints, MTV Networks reinstated the 401 (k) plan ａｎｄ　said freelancers who had worked consistently since March would be eligible.Fueled by a series of blog posts on the media web site Gawker-the first post was headlined "The Viacom Permalance Slave System" -a loose cohort of freelancers created protest stickers ａｎｄ　distributed walkout fliers last week. Caroline O\'Hare, a unit manager who has worked fｏｒMTV fｏｒmore than two years, said the new health care plan-with higher deductibles ａｎｄ　a $ 2,000 cap on hospital expenses each year-had provoked outrage. "They think they can treat us like children that don\'t have families, mortgages ｏｒdreams of retirement," she said.Outside Viacom\'s headquarters, several workers held posters with the words, "There\'s too many of us to ignore." It was unclear how many freelancers are on the company\'s payroll; an MTV Networks spokeswoman said the figure was not known because it rises ａｎｄ　falls throughout the year. The company has 5,500 full-time employees, excluding freelancers, around the world.Two freelancers ａｎｄ　one full-time employee, who asked not to be identified fｏｒfear of retribution, estimated that the percentage of freelancers in some departments exceeded 75 percent. Another labｏｒaction is expected to take place outside Viacom later this week. Members of the Writers Guild of America, who have been on strike fｏｒfive weeks, are expected to picket there on Thursday.The MTV Networks spokeswoman did not provide the number of freelancers on the payroll mostly probably because ______.【单选题】

A.the figure fluctuates throughout the year ａｎｄ　it is impossible to calculate the precise number

B.the company wants to keep it as a secret so as to better stａｎｄ　the protest

C.the company has no record of the freelancers since there is no such necessity

D.the company does not want to provide the freelancers with benefits enjoyed by the full-time employee

正确答案:B

答案解析:细节考查题。题干问的是MTV网络发言人没有提供薪水册上自由职业者的数量的最有可能的原因。答案参见第五段，MTV网络发言人声称这个数字全年都来回波动，但实际上公司掌握自己员工的具体数量应该很容易，很明显是因为公布该数据对公司不利，不想让外人知道，以便在这场罢工斗争中占据优势地位。

2、Walking to Exercise the BrainDo you think sitting ａｎｄ　studying all the time will improve students grades? Think again. Getting some exercise may help, too.New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didn\'t exercise.Previous research had shown that mice learn, remember ａｎｄ　pay attention better after a few weeks of working out on a running wheel. Mice that exercise have greater blood flow to the brain than those who don\'t. Their brain cells also make more connections.Neuroscientists (神经科学家) from the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign wanted to find out if the same thing is true fｏｒpeople. First, they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults, ages 58 to 77, after each person walked I mile. Then, participants looked at arrows on a computer screen ａｎｄ　had to use computer keys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing.Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task, ａｎｄ　their answers were just as accurate as their less - fit peers, the researchers found. The fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of their brain responsible fｏｒpaying attention ａｎｄ　making decisions.In a second study, 15 elderly people who completed a 6 - month aerobic - training (有氧运动) course were faster at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching ａｎｄ　toning (韵律操) exercises fｏｒthe same amount of time.So, even going fｏｒa walk every 2 ｏｒ3 days fｏｒjust 10 to 45 minutes can help. That should be good news fｏｒthe elderly.The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people haven\'t been studied yet. Still, it can\'t hurt to take occasional breaks ａｎｄ　go fｏｒa walk ｏｒrun around with friends. Whatever you do, though, don\'t try to read ａｎｄ　walk at the same time. You could end up hurting yourself!The first study on 41 elderly people found ______.【单选题】

A.the less - fit participants did arrow tasks faster

B.the fitter participants did arrow tasks faster

C.the less - fit participants gave more accurate answers

D.the fitter participants gave more accurate answers

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要认真阅读文章。答案依据在文章第五段。带着题干信息词回到文章定位。第五段第一句谈到，研究者发现身体健康的成年人完成箭头测试的速度更快，回来看选项，很明显，B是近义解释，是答案。

3、Rockets in the SkyIf someone asked you. "What colｏｒis the sky?" I expect that you would answer, "Blue." I am afraid that you would be wrong. The sky has no color. When we see blue, we are looking at blue sunlight. The sunlight is shining on little bits of dust in the air. We know that there is air all around the world. We could not breathe without air. Airplanes could not fly without air. They need air to lift their wings. Airplanes cannot fly very high because as they go higher the air gets thinner. If we go far enough away from the earth, we find there is no air. What is the sky? The sky is space. In this space there is nothing except the sun, the moon ａｎｄ　all the stars. Scientists have always wanted to know more about the other worlds in the space. They have looked at them through telescopes ａｎｄ　in this way they have found out a great deal. The moon is about 384,000 kilometers away from the earth. An airplane cannot fly to the moon but there is a thing that can fly even when there is no air. This is rocket. I am sure that you are asking. "How does a rocket fly?" If you want to know, get a balloon ａｎｄ　then blow it up until it is quite big. Do not tie up the neck of the balloon. Let go! The balloon will fly off through the air very quickly. The air inside the balloon tries to get out. It rushes out through neck of the ball off ａｎｄ　this pushes the balloon through the air. It does not need wings like an air plane. This is how a rocket works. It is not made of rubber like a balloon, of course. It is made of metal. The metal must not be heavy but it must be very strong. There is gas inside the rocket which is made very hot. When it rushes out of the end of the rocket, the rocket is pushed up into the air. Rockets can fly far out into space. Rockets with men inside them have already reached the moon. Several rockets, without men inside them, have been sent to other worlds much farther away. One day rockets may be able to go anywhere in the space. What colｏｒis the sky?【单选题】

A.It is blue.

B.It is white.

C.It is grey.

D.It has no color.

正确答案:D

答案解析:根据文章第1段第3句( The sky has no color)。

4、How to Be a Successful BusinesspersonHave you ever wondered why some people are successful in business ａｎｄ　others are not? Here\'s a story about one successful businessperson. He started out washing dishes ａｎｄ　today he owns 168 restaurants.Zubair Kazi was born in Bhatkal, a small town in southwest India. His dream was to be an airplane pilot, ａｎｄ　when he was 16 years old, he learned to fly a small plane.At the age of 23 ａｎｄ　with just a little money in his pocket, Mr. Kazi moved to the United States. He hoped to get a job in the airplane industry in California. Instead, he ended up working fｏｒa company that rented cars.While Mr. Kazi was working at the car rental(租赁的) company, he frequently ate at a nearby KFC restaurant. To save money on food, he decided to get a job with KFC. Fｏｒtwo months, he worked as a cook\'s assistant. His job was to clean the kitchen ａｎｄ　help the cook. "I didn\'t like it," Mr. Kazi says, "but I always did the best I could."One day, Mr. Kazi\'s two co - workers failed to come to work. That day, Mr. Kazi did the work of all three people in the kitchen. This really impressed the owners of the restaurant.A few months later, the owners needed a manager fｏｒa new restaurant. They gave the job to Mr. Kazi. He worked hard as the manager ａｎｄ　soon the restaurant was making a profit.A few years later, Mr. Kazi heard about a restaurant that was losing money. The restaurant was dirty inside ａｎｄ　the food was terrible. Mr. Kazi borrowed money from a bank ａｎｄ　bought the restaurant. Fｏｒthe first six months, Mr. Kazi worked in the restaurant from 8 a. m. to 10 p. m. , seven days a week. He ａｎｄ　his wife cleaned up the restaurant, remodeled the front of the building, ａｎｄ　improved the cooking. They also tried hard to please the customers. If someone had to wait more than ten minutes fｏｒtheir food, Mrs. Kazi gave them a free soda. Before long the restaurant was making a profit.A year later, Mr. Kazi sold his restaurant fｏｒa profit. With the money he earned, he bought three more restaurants that were losing money. Again, he cleaned them up, improved the food, ａｎｄ　retrained the employees. Before long these restaurants were making a profit, too.Today Mr. Kazi owns 168 restaurants, but he isn\'t planning to stop there. He\'s looking fｏｒmore poorly managed restaurants to buy. "I love it when I go to buy a restaurant ａｎｄ　find it\'s a mess," Mr. Kazi says. "The only way it can go is up. "To save a failing restaurant, Mr. Kazi did all the following things, EXCEPT to ______.【单选题】

A.clean it up

B.improve the food

C.retrain the employees

D.advertize fｏｒit

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题有一定难度，仔细通读文章后半部分可以发现文章没有提到做广告的事情，所以不难确定答案D。

5、Dairy Price-fixing ScandalTesco is preparing a legal battle to clear its name of involvement in the dairy price-fixing scandal that has cost consumers ￡270 million. Failure to prove that it had no part in collusion with other supermarkets ａｎｄ　dairy processors may lａｎｄ　it with a fine of at least ￡80 million. The Office of Fair Trading (OFT) said yesterday that Asda, Sainsbury\'s ａｎｄ　the former Safeway, plus the dairy companies Wiseman, Dairy Crest ａｎｄ　Cheese Company, had admitted being in a cartel to fix prices fｏｒmilk, butter ａｎｄ　cheese. They were fined a total of just over ￡116 million as part of a leniency deal offered by the watchdog to companies that owned up quickly to anti-competitive behaviour.Officials at the OFT admitted privately that they did not think they would ever discover which company ｏｒindividual had initiated the pricing formula. But the watchdog recognises that at the time supermarkets were under pressure from politicians ａｎｄ　farmers to raise the cost of milk to save dairy farming, though it is not certain that money found its way to farmers. The OFT claimed in September that it had found evidence that the retail chains had passed future milk prices to dairy companies, which then reached a fixed price among themselves.The average cost to each household is thought to be ￡11.25 over 2002 ａｎｄ　2003, Prices went up an extra 3p on a pint of milk, 15p on a quarter of a pound of butter ａｎｄ　15p on a half pound of cheese. There is no direct recompense fｏｒconsumers, however, ａｎｄ　the money will go to the Treasury. The National Consumer Council gave warning that the admissions would dent consumer confidence in leading high street names ａｎｄ　that people would become sceptical of their claims. Farmers fｏｒAction, theｇｒｏｕｐof farmers that has led protests over low milk prices since 2000, is seeking legal advice on whether it can now bring a claim fｏｒcompensation.The OFT investigation is continuing, however, in relation to Tesco, Morrisons ａｎｄ　the dairyｇｒｏｕｐLactalis McLelland, ａｎｄ　any legal action is expected to be delayed until that is completed. Tesco was defiant ａｎｄ　said that it was preparing a robust defence of its actions. Lucy Neville-Rolfe, its executive director, said: "As we have always said, we acted independently ａｎｄ　we did not collude with anyone. Our position is different from our competitors ａｎｄ　we are defending our own case vigorously. Our philosophy is to give a good deal to customers."Morrisons has supported the OFT in inquiries into the former safeway business that it took over, but in a statement said that it was still making "strong representations" in its defence. A spokeswoman fｏｒLactalis McLellａｎｄ　said that the company was "co-operating" with the OFT. Industry insiders suggested that the three companies were deliberately stalling the OFT investigation.Sainsbury\'s admitted yesterday that it had agreed to pay ￡26 million in fines, but denied that it had sought to profiteer. Justin King, the chief executive, said he was disappointed that the company had been penalised fｏｒactions meant to help farmers but recognised the benefit of a speedy settlement. Asda declined to say how much it would pay in fines ａｎｄ　also said that its intention had been to help farmers under severe financial pressure.Who is most probably the initiatｏｒof the pricing formula?【单选题】

A.Retail chains.

B.Farmers.

C.Dairy companies.

D.Politicians.

正确答案:B

答案解析:细节考查题。题干考查的是，谁最有可能是价格制定的始作俑者。答案参见第二、三段，牧场主机构和牧场主一直在抗议低廉的牛奶价格。由此可以看出最有可能引发牛奶价格发生变化的是牧场主。