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2024年职称英语考试《理工类》章节练习题精选0422
帮考网校2024-04-22 16:26
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2024年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理阅读判断分析5道练习题,附答案解析,供您备考练习。


1、The GuitarThe Museum of Fine Arts in the eastern city of Boston recently began showing a collection of guitars. The exhibit is called Dangerous Curves: The Art of the Guitar. It shows how the instrument developed during the past four centuries. Probably no other musical instrument is as popular around the world as the guitar. Musicians use the guitar foralmost every kind of music. Country and western music would not be the same without a guitar. The traditional Spanish folk music called Flamenco could not exist without a guitar. The sound of American blues music would not be the same without the sad cry of the guitar. and rock and roll music would almost be impossible without this instrument. Music experts do not agree about where the guitar first was played. Most agree it is ancient. Some experts say an instrument very much like a guitar was played in Egypt more than a thousand years ago. Some other experts say that the ancestorof the modern guitar was brought to Spain from Persia sometime in the twelfth century. The guitar continued to develop in Spain. In the seventeen-hundred it became similar to the instrument we know today. Many famous musicians played the instrument. The famous Italian violinist Niccolo Paganinni played and wrote music forthe guitar in the early eighteen hundred. Franz Schubert used the guitar to write some ofhis famous works. One guitar in the Boston Fine Arts display was played by Les Paul. It is a very old electric guitar. Mister Parl began experimenting with ways to make an electric guitar in the nineteen-thirties. The Gibson Guitar Company began producing its famous Les Parl Guitar in 1952. The instrument has the same shape and the same six strings as the traditional guitar, but it sounds very different. The guitar has always been important to blues music. The electric guitar Mister Paul helped develop made modern blues music possible. There have been many great blues guitarists. Yet, music experts say all blues guitar players are measured against one man and his famous guitar. That man is B-B King. Every blues fan knows that years ago B-B King named his guitar Lucille. Lucille is so important to American music that the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D-C has asked forit. They want to display the large, beautiful black guitar in one of the museums because it is a part ofAmerican culture. It was the electric guitar that made modern blues music possible to exist. 【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题说的是,电吉他使现代布鲁斯音乐成为可能。由第7段可知电吉他对布鲁斯音乐很重要,现代布鲁斯音乐成为可能要得益于电吉他先生Paul的帮助。

2、The SmogForover a month, Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought for50 years. Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog. This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighboring countries including Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars, it soon became poisonous. Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed (喘息) and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately. The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot(烟灰) covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed (用胶管浇) from high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog. Finally, heavy rains, which came in November. Put out the fires and clear the air. But the environmental costs and health problems will remain. Many people from South-Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes and factory pollution Breathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may have difficulties forthe first time. Wildlife has suffered too. In lowland forests, elephants, deer, and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog. But smog is not just an Asian problem. In fact. was world was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog. Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems orin accidents. About 4, 000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952. The word "smog" first appeared in 1952. 【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:B

答案解析:题句的意思是smog这个词最早出现于1952年。最后一段提到这个词是在1905年首次出现的。题句意思与原文不符,故选B。

3、Black HolesMost scientists agree that black holes exist but are nearly impossible to locate. A black hole in the universe is not a solid object, like a planet, but it is shaped like a sphere (球体). Astronomers (天文学家) think that at the center of a black hole there is a single point in space with infinite (无限的) density (稠密).This single point is called a singularity (奇点). If the singularity theory is correct, it means that when a massive star collapses, all the material in it disappears into the singularity. The center of a black hole would not really be a hole at all, but an infinitely dense point. Anything that crosses the black hole is pulled in by its great gravity.Although black holes do exist, they are difficult to observe. These are the reasons,?No light oranything else comes out of black holes. As a result, they are invisible to a telescope.?In astronomical terms, black holes are truly. Forexample, a black hole formed by the collapse of a giant star would have an event horizon (视界) only 18 miles across.?The nearest black holes would be dozens of light years away from Earth. One light year is about 6 trillion (万亿) miles. Even the most powerful telescopes could not pick out an object so small at such a great distance.In 1994 the Hubble Space Telescope provided evidence that black holes exist. There are still answers to be found, however, so black holes remain one of the mysteries of the universe. (2007年)Black holes are part of space.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:A

答案解析:题干大意:黑洞是太空的一部分。用space回到原文定位,文中首段第三句提到:astronomers (天文学家) think that at the center of a black hole there is a single point in space with infinite (无限的) density (稠密). 天文学家认为黑洞的中心是太空中的一个单一的无限密度的点。第二段第一句也有信息提到:This single point is called a singularity (奇点). 这个单一的点叫做奇点。故答案选A。

4、Inventorof LEDWhen Nick Holonyak setout to create a new kind of visible lighting using semiconductoralloys, his colleagues thought he was unrealistic. Today, his discovery of light-emitting diodes, orLEDs, are used in everything from DVDs to alarm clocks to airports. Dozens of his students have continued his work, developing lighting used in traffic lights and other everyday technology. On April 23,2004, Holonyak received the $500,000 Lemelson-MIT Prize at a ceremony in Washington. This marks the lOth year that the Lemelson-MIT Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has given the award to prominent inventors. "Anytime you get an award big orlittle. It\'s always a surprise. " Holonyrak said. Holonyak, 75, was a student of john Bardeen, an inventorof the transistor, in the early 1950s. After graduate school, Holonyak worked at Ben Labs. He later went to General Electric, where he invented a switch now widely used in house dimmer switches. Later, Holonyak started looking into how semiconductors could be used to generate light. But while his colleagues were looking at how to generate invisible light, he wanted to generate visible light. The LEDS he invented in 1962 now last about 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs, and are more environmentally friendly and effective. Holonyak, now a professorof electrical and computer engineering and physics at the University of Illinois, said he suspected that LEDs would become as commonplace as they are today, but didn\'t realize how many uses they would have. "You don\'t know in the beginning. You think you\'re doing something important. You think it\'s worth doing, but you really can\'t tell what the big payoff is going to be, and when, and how. You just don\'t know, "he said. The Lemelson. MIT Program also recognized Edith Flanigen, 75, with the $100,000 Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award forher work on a new generation of "molecular sieves", that can separate molecules by size. Holonyak was the inventorof the transistorin the early 1950s.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:B

答案解析:答案相关句:Holonyak, 75,was a student of John Bardeen,an inventorofthe transistor,in the early 1950s(该句所反映的内容是:John Bardeen是20世纪50年代初期晶体管的发明者),问题句的内容与原文的内容不一致,因此选B。

5、The SmogForover a month, Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought for50 years. Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog. This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighboring countries including Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars, it soon became poisonous. Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed (喘息) and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately. The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot(烟灰) covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed (用胶管浇) from high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog. Finally, heavy rains, which came in November. Put out the fires and clear the air. But the environmental costs and health problems will remain. Many people from South-Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes and factory pollution Breathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may have difficulties forthe first time. Wildlife has suffered too. In lowland forests, elephants, deer, and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog. But smog is not just an Asian problem. In fact. was world was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog. Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems orin accidents. About 4, 000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952. Many Indonesians blamed the government forthe drought. 【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:题句意思是“很多印尼人因为旱灾而抱怨政府”。这层意思文中根本没有提到,故选C。

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