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2024年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理阅读判断分析5道练习题,附答案解析,供您备考练习。
1、The Need to RememberSome people say they have no memory at all: "I just can\'t remember a thing!" But of course we all have a memory. Our memory tells us who we are. Our memory helps U. S. to make use in the present of what we have learnt in the past.In fact we have different types of memory. Forexample, our visual memory helps us recall facts and places. Some people have such a strong visual memory that they can remember exactly what they have seen, forexample, pages of a book, as a complete picture.Our verbal memory helps us remember words and figures we may have heard but not seen orwritten: items of a shopping list, a chemical formula, dates, ora recipe.With our emotional memory, we recall situations orplaces where we had strong feelings, perhaps of happiness orunhappiness. We also have special memories forsmell, taste, touch and sound, and forperforming physical movements.We have two ways of storing any of these memories. Our short-term memory stores items forup to thirty seconds-enough to remember a telephone number while we dial. Our long-term memory, on the other hand, may store items fora lifetime. Older people in fact have a much biter long-term memory than short-term. They may forget what they have done only a few hours ago, but have the clearest remembrance of when they were very young.Psychologists tell us that we only remember a few facts about our past, and that we invent the rest. It is as though we remember only the outline ofa story. We then make up the details. We often do this in the way we want to remember them, usually so that we appear as the heroes of our own past, ormaybe victims needing sympathy.Verbal memory helps us read words we have never heard.【单选题】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案:B
答案解析:核心词是:verbal memory. 该段文字是说:我们的言语记忆能帮助我们记住我们可能听到的但是没有看见或写过的词和数字,如:一张购物单里所列出的商品,一个化学公式,日期或者一个药方。而题目的内容则是说:语言记忆能帮我们读我们从没听到的词。显然,这与文章的含义是完全不同的。
2、They say Ireland\'s the BestIreland is the best place in the world to live in for2005, according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britain\'s Economist magazine last week.The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only measure of human satisfaction and well-being.The index of 111 countries uses data on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, gender equality as well as what the magazine calls "freedom, family and community life".Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion (拥挤), gender inequality, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of 10.That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8.07. Zimbabwe, troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest (最差的) , picking up only 3.89 points."Although rising incomes and increased individual choices are highly valued, " the report said, "some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact."Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as stable family and community life. "The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do, and that its findings would have their critics.No. 2 on the list is Switzerland. The other nations in the top 10 are Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden, Australia, Iceland, Italy, Denmark and Spain.The UK is positioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower half the league at 60th.The United States of America is among the top 10 countries.【单选题】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案:B
答案解析:问题句说“美国位于前十个国家的行列”。题干中的两个特征结构都在这个句子中出现了,判断这个句子应该是直接答案相关句,该句说“美国的人均国内生产总值排名第2,仅位于卢森堡之后,因此美国在这项调查中位于第13位。”显然问题句的说法与该句的说法不一致,判断问题句“错误”。
3、Breast Cancer Deaths Record LowThe number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to a record low by dropping under 12,000 a year forthe first time since records began.The Cancer Research UK data showed that 11,990 women died in the UK in 2007.The previous lowest figure had been recorded in 1971-the year records began after which it rose steadily year by year until the late 1980s.ProfessorPeter Johnson, Cancer Research UK\'s chief clinician said, "It\'s incredibly encouraging to see fewer women dying from breast cancer now than at any time in the last 40 years, despite breast cancer being diagnosed more often. "Research has played a crucial role in this progress leading to improved treatments and better management forwomen with the disease."The introduction of the NHS (国民保健制度) breast screening program has also contributed as women are more likely to survive the earlier cancer is diagnosed. "Breast cancer is now the most common cancer in the UK with 45,500 women every year diagnosed with the disease, a 50% rise in 25 years.The number of deaths peaked in 1989, when 15,625 women died. It then fell by between 200 and 400 deaths each year until 2004.There was a slight rise in 2005 and then two years of falls.Dr Sarah Cant, policy manager at Breakthrough Breast Cancer, said, "It is great news that fewer women are dying from breast cancer and highlights the impact of improved treatments, breast screening and awareness of the disease. " ."However, this is still too many women and incidence of the disease is increasing year by year."The rising rate of breast cancer diagnosis has been put down to a variety of factors including obesity(肥胖) and alcohol consumption.11,990 women died from breast cancer in the UK in 2007.【单选题】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案:A
答案解析:在英国,2007年有11,990名女士死于乳腺癌。根据第二段:The Cancer Research UK data showed that 11,990 women died in the UK in 2007. 虽然没有专门强调是由于乳腺癌而死亡,不过根据句子中的Cancer Research和第一段的内容推断这里即乳腺癌患者的死亡人数。因此该论断是正确的。
4、Breast Cancer Deaths Record LowThe number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to a record low by dropping under 12,000 a year forthe first time since records began.The Cancer Research UK data showed that 11,990 women died in the UK in 2007.The previous lowest figure had been recorded in 1971-the year records began after which it rose steadily year by year until the late 1980s.ProfessorPeter Johnson, Cancer Research UK\'s chief clinician said, "It\'s incredibly encouraging to see fewer women dying from breast cancer now than at any time in the last 40 years, despite breast cancer being diagnosed more often. "Research has played a crucial role in this progress leading to improved treatments and better management forwomen with the disease."The introduction of the NHS (国民保健制度) breast screening program has also contributed as women are more likely to survive the earlier cancer is diagnosed. "Breast cancer is now the most common cancer in the UK with 45,500 women every year diagnosed with the disease, a 50% rise in 25 years.The number of deaths peaked in 1989, when 15,625 women died. It then fell by between 200 and 400 deaths each year until 2004.There was a slight rise in 2005 and then two years of falls.Dr Sarah Cant, policy manager at Breakthrough Breast Cancer, said, "It is great news that fewer women are dying from breast cancer and highlights the impact of improved treatments, breast screening and awareness of the disease. " ."However, this is still too many women and incidence of the disease is increasing year by year."The rising rate of breast cancer diagnosis has been put down to a variety of factors including obesity(肥胖) and alcohol consumption.Obesity and alcohol consumption may also lead to some other diseases.【单选题】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案:C
答案解析:最后一段说obesity(肥胖)and alcohol consumption是诱发乳腺癌的原因之一,但并未提及其他疾病,因此选C。put down to的意思是“归因于”。
5、Importance of Children\'s Oral HealthFebruary is National Children\'s Dental(牙齿的) Health Month, but in children good oral(口部的) care is critical every day. The first comprehensive study on the nation\'s oral health, released recently by the Office of the U. S. Surgeon General, calls dental and oral diseases a "silent epidemic (流行病)", even in children. The report states that more than 51 million school hours are lost each year to dental - related illness. In fact, a recent study pointed to dental care as the most common unmet health need among American children.To help counter this, the American Academy of Periodontology (牙周病学) (AAP) is launching an effort to educate children and parents about the prevention of dental diseases in children."This is important because oral problems can impact self - esteem forchildren and lead to problems of eating, speaking and attending to learning," said Michael McGuire, president of the AAP.Common dental problems seen in children are cavities (龋洞) and gingivitis (龈炎), which are found in the majority of U. S. children. "When these problems are not caught early and treated, they can develop into more severe problems and cause unnecessary suffering," said McGuire. "However, much of the time, oral problems are avoidable problems."In the Rio Grande Valley in Texas, agroupof more than 120 dentists(牙医) volunteers to deliver dental care to thousands of low - income children each year with its Mobile Dental Unit that travels from school to school."According to the Surgeon General\'s Report, about 37 percent of children have not had a dental visit before starting school," said McGuire. When children don\'t see dentists, they miss the opportunity to have problems caught early before they develop into larger, more expensive problems to treat, and parents miss the opportunity to learn how to promote good oral habits in their children.Some children have never seen a dentist before starting school.【单选题】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案:A
答案解析:本题难度不大,答案依据比较明显,带者题干信息词回文章定位,答案依据在文章最后一段第一句:…about 37 per cent of children have not had a dental visit before start ing school,谈到约37%的孩子上小学前从没看过牙医,所以本题和原文句意相符,答案是A。
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