2024年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理概括大意与完成句子分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、Cloning: Future Perfect?1 A clone is an exact copy of a plant ｏｒanimal produced from any one cell. Since Scottish scientists reported that they had managed to clone a sheep named Dolly in 1997, research into cloning has grown rapidly. In May 1998, scientists in Massachusetts managed to create two identical calves using cloning technology. A mouse has also been cloned successfully. But the debate over cloning humans really started when Chicago physicist Richard Seed made a surprising announcement: "We will have managed to clone a human being within the next two years," he told the world. 2 Seed\'s announcement provoked a lot of media attention, most of it negative. In Europe, nineteen nations have already signed an agreement banning human cloning ａｎｄ　in the US the President announced: "We will be introducing a law to ban human cloning ａｎｄ　many states in the US will have passed anti-cloning laws by the end of the year". 3 Many researchers are not so negative about cloning. They are worried that laws banning human cloning will threaten important research. In March, The New Englａｎｄ　Journal of Medicine called any plan to ban research on cloning humans seriously mistaken. Many researchers also believe that in spite of attempts to ban it, human cloning will have become routine by 2010 because it is impossible to stop the progress of science. 4 Is there reason to fear that cloning will lead to a nightmare world? The public has been bombarded (轰炸) with newspaper articles, television shows ａｎｄ　films, as well as cartoons. Such information is often misleading, ａｎｄ　makes people wonder what on earth the scientists will be doing next. 5 Within the next five to ten years scientists will probably have found a way of cloning humans. It could be that pretty soon we will be able to choose the person that we want our child to look like. But how would it feel to be a clone among hundreds, the anti-cloners ask Pretty cool, answer the pro-cloners (赞成克隆的人). Paragraph 1____【单选题】

A.Strong Reactions

B.Anxiety about the Future of Cloning

C.The Right to Choose

D.WhatisCloning?

E.Arguments in Favｏｒof Cloning

F.A Common Sight

正确答案:D

答案解析:文章第1段主要讲的是什么是克隆，即克隆的基本概念，故选D。

2、English ａｎｄ　English Community1 There is no doubt that English is a useful language. The people who speak English today make up the largest speech community in the world with the exception of speakers of Chinese. 2 A speech community is similar to other kinds of communities. The people who make up the community share a common language. Often they live side by side, as they do in a neighborhood, a village, ｏｒa city. More often they form a whole country. National boundaries, however, are not always the same as the boundaries of a speech community. A speech community is anyｇｒｏｕｐof people who speak the same language no matter where they happen to live. 3 We may say that anyone who speaks English belongs to the English speech community. Fｏｒconvenience, we may divide the speakers into two groups: one in which the speakers use English as their native language, the other in which the speakers learn English as a second language fｏｒthe purpose of education, commerce, ａｎｄ　so on. 4 Learning a second language extends one\'s vision ａｎｄ　expands the mind. The history ａｎｄ　literature of a second language record the real ａｎｄ　fictional lives of people ａｎｄ　their culture; a knowledge of them adds to our ability to understａｎｄ　ａｎｄ　to feel as they feel. Learning English as asecond language provides another means of communication through which the window of the entire English speech community becomes a part of our heritage. Overall there are more speakers of Chinese than of____. 【单选题】

A.a second language

B.the same language

C.the same speech community

D.any other language

E.national boundaries

F.a part ofone\'s heritage

正确答案:D

答案解析:从文章第1段可知，说汉语的人比说任何其他语言的人都要多。

3、Meet Your Memory1. Memory is something that cannot be seen, touched ｏｒweighed. It is thought to be abstract. It is a ｓｅｔof skills rather than an object. Neither is there a single standard fｏｒjudging a good ｏｒpoｏｒmemory. There are a number of different ways in which a person may have a good memory.2. Memory is generally viewed as consisting of three stages: (1) acquisition refers to learning the material; (2) storage refers to keeping the material in the brain until it is needed; (3) retrieval (提取) refers to getting the material back out when it is needed:3. Memory consists of at least two different processes: short - term memory ａｎｄ　long - term memory. Short - term memory has a limited capacity ａｎｄ　a rapid forgetting rate. Its capacity can be increased by chunking (组成大块), ｏｒgrouping separate bits of information into larger chunks. Long - term memory has an almost unlimited capacity.4. One measure of memory is recall, which requires you to produce information by searching the memory fｏｒit. In aided recall, you are given cues (提示) to help you produce the information. In free - recall learning you recall the material in any order. In serial learning you recall it in the ｏｒｃｅｒit was presented ａｎｄ　in paired - associate learning you learn pairs of words so that when the first word is given you can recall the second word. A second measure of memory is recognition, in which you do not have to produce the information from memory, but must be able to identify it when it is presented to you. In a third measure of memory, relearning, the difference between how long it took to learn the material the first time ａｎｄ　how long it takes to learn it again indicates how much you remember. Relearning is generally a more sensitive measure of memory than is recognition because relearning shows retention (保持) while recognition does not. Recognition is generally a more sensitive measure than recall.Paragraph 2 ______【单选题】

A.Why do we forget things?

B.How do we measure memory?

C.What are the stages memory consists of?

D.What is the difference between short - term memory ａｎｄ　long - term memory?

E.What is memory?

F.Who may have a poｏｒmemory?

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度不大，主旨句比较明显，是文章第二段第一句前半部分：Memory is generally viewed as consisting of three stages…回来看选项，C项What are the stages memory consists of?是对本段主旨句的近义替换，是答案。

4、Cloning: Future Perfect?1 A clone is an exact copy of a plant ｏｒanimal produced from any one cell. Since Scottish scientists reported that they had managed to clone a sheep named Dolly in 1997, research into cloning has grown rapidly. In May 1998, scientists in Massachusetts managed to create two identical calves using cloning technology. A mouse has also been cloned successfully. But the debate over cloning humans really started when Chicago physicist Richard Seed made a surprising announcement: "We will have managed to clone a human being within the next two years," he told the world. 2 Seed\'s announcement provoked a lot of media attention, most of it negative. In Europe, nineteen nations have already signed an agreement banning human cloning ａｎｄ　in the US the President announced: "We will be introducing a law to ban human cloning ａｎｄ　many states in the US will have passed anti-cloning laws by the end of the year". 3 Many researchers are not so negative about cloning. They are worried that laws banning human cloning will threaten important research. In March, The New Englａｎｄ　Journal of Medicine called any plan to ban research on cloning humans seriously mistaken. Many researchers also believe that in spite of attempts to ban it, human cloning will have become routine by 2010 because it is impossible to stop the progress of science. 4 Is there reason to fear that cloning will lead to a nightmare world? The public has been bombarded (轰炸) with newspaper articles, television shows ａｎｄ　films, as well as cartoons. Such information is often misleading, ａｎｄ　makes people wonder what on earth the scientists will be doing next. 5 Within the next five to ten years scientists will probably have found a way of cloning humans. It could be that pretty soon we will be able to choose the person that we want our child to look like. But how would it feel to be a clone among hundreds, the anti-cloners ask Pretty cool, answer the pro-cloners (赞成克隆的人). Within ten years scientists will probably have____. 【单选题】

A.the nucleus of a cell

B.cloned human beings

C.a human being in two years

D.a law to ban human cloning

E.a report on human cloning

F.heavy media coverage

正确答案:B

答案解析:文章最后一段提到未来5到10年内人们可能会找到克隆人的办法，即会有克隆人出现，故选B。

5、Cell Phones1. Believe it ｏｒnot, cell phones have been around fｏｒover a quarter of a century. The first commercial cell phone system was developed by the Japanese in 1979, but cell phones have changed a lot since that time. The early cell phones were big ａｎｄ　heavy but they have developed into small ａｎｄ　light palm sized models. There are huge developments in their functions, too. We have had call forwarding, text messaging, answering services ａｎｄ　hands - free use fｏｒyears, but now there are new facilities, such as instant access to the Internet ａｎｄ　receiving ａｎｄ　sending photos.2. Cell phones have become very common in our lives. Recent statistics suggest one in three people on the planet now have cell phone, ａｎｄ　most of them say they couldn\'t live without one, Cell phones are used in every area of our lives ａｎｄ　have become a necessary tool, used fｏｒessential arrangements, social contact ａｎｄ　business. It easier to call fｏｒhelp on the highway. It possible to keep in touch with people "on the move" when people are traveling.3. Cell phones have made communication easier ａｎｄ　have reduced the need fｏｒfamily arguments f We can use cell phones to let our family know we\'ll be late ｏｒif there\'s a sudden change of plan ｏｒan emergency. Cell phones have eased the worries of millions of parents when their teenagers are out late. They can now contact their children at any time.4. This does not mean that cell phones are all good news. Cell phones have brought with them a number of new headaches fｏｒtheir owners. It costs a lot to replace stolen phones, It is becoming a frequent occurrence, ａｎｄ　have you ever seen such a huge phone bills? More serious, however, Cell phones bring the potential health problem. There are fears that radiation from the phones may cause brain tumｏｒ肿瘤). This may be a time bomb waiting to happen to younger people who have grown up with cell phones. They simply can\'t live without cell phones!Nowadays cell phones are equipped with ______.【单选题】

A.a necessity

B.an emergency

C.a number of new headaches

D.family arguments

E.big ａｎｄ　light palm - sized models

F.countless new facilities

正确答案:F

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，答案依据是第一段最后一句：…now there are countless new facilities, such as instant access to the Internet ａｎｄ　receiving ａｎｄ　sending photos．所以答案是F。