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2023年职称英语考试《卫生类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编每天为您准备了5道每日一练题目(附答案解析),一步一步陪你备考,每一次练习的成功,都会淋漓尽致的反映在分数上。一起加油前行。
1、College Night Owls Have Lower GradesCollege students who are morning people tend to get better grades than those who are night owls(晚睡的人), according to University of North Texas researchers.They had 824 undergraduate(大学本科生的) students complete a health survey that in cluded questions about sleep habits and daytime functioning, and found that students who are morning people had higher grade point averages(GPAs) than those who are night people."The finding that college students who are evening types have lower GPAs is a very important finding, sure to make its way into undergraduate psychology texts in the near future, along with the research showing that memory is improved by sleep," study co - authorDaniet J. Taylorsaid in a prepared statement."Further, these results suggest that it might be possible to improve academic performance by using chronotherapy (时间疗法) to help students retrain their biological clock to become more morning types," Taylorsaid.The research was expected to be presented Monday at SLEEP, the annual meeting of the Associated Professional (专业的) Sleep Societies, in Baltimore.In other findings expected to be heard at the meeting, University of Colorado researchers found a significant association between insomnia (失眠) and a decline in college students\' academic performance.The study included 64 psychology, nursing and medical students, average age 27. 4 years, who were divided into two groups—low GPAs and high GPAs.Among those with low GPAs,69.7 percent had trouble falling asleep,53.1 percent experienced leg kicks ortwitches (痉挛) at night, 65.6 percent reported waking at night and having trouble falling back to sleep, and 72.7 percent had difficulty concentrating during the day."In college students, the complaint of difficulty concentrating during the day continues to have a considerable impact on their ability to succeed in the classroom," study authorDr. James F. Pagel said in a prepared statement. "This study showed that disordered sleep has significant harmful effects on a student\'s academic performance, including GPAs."According to Dr. Pagel, the academic performance of a student will be affected ______.【单选题】
A.if he orshe is not motivated
B.if he orshe is troubled by disordered sleep
C.if he orshe is a morning type
D.if he orshe is a lazy person
正确答案:B
答案解析:本题难度不大,答案依据比较明显,答案依据是文章最后一段最后一句,谈到睡眠紊乱对学生学术能力的副作用很大,包括考试成绩,回来看选项,B项和原文句意相符,是答案。
2、Smallpox virusIt\'s now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction of the smallpox virus. The idea was to cap the glorious achievement of 1980, when smallpox was eradicated in the wild, by destroying the killer virus in the last two labs that are supposed to have it—one in the US and one in Russia. If smallpox had truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let go of such a potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials. and the last “official” stocks of live virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia, forno obvious gain.Now American researchers have ____ an animal model of the human disease, opening the way fortests on new treatments and vaccines. So one again there\'s a good reason to keep the virus—just in case the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we deal with the mistrust of the US and Russia? Simple. Keep the virus under international auspices in a well-guarded UN laboratory that\'s open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it rejects a multilateral approach to just about everything. But it doesn\'t mean the idea is wrong. If the virus is useful, then let\'s make it the servant of all humanity—not just a part of it.【单选题】
A.looked?for
B.sought
C.found
D.talked?about
正确答案:C
答案解析:opening?the?way?for?tests?on?new?treatments?and?vaccines:为试验新的治疗方法和新的疫苗开辟了道路。这是句子的下半部分。可以看出,上半部分所描写的model应该是实际上存在的。此处应该用found,表示model是存在的。looked?for和sought是内涵动词。它们引起的名词短语并不一定有外延,因此是不合适的。talked?about(谈论)与文意不符。
3、Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in TeensWhile some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to "self-medicate" against the blues, scientists at the University of Toronto and the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually increasedepressive symptoms in some teens."This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived emotional benefits of smoking among teens," says lead researcher Michael Chaiton, a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto." ____ cigarettes may appear to have self-medicating effects orto improve mood, in the long term we found that teens who started to smoke reported higher depressive symptoms. "As part of the study, some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires about their use of cigarettes to affect mood. Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French and English participants, urban and rural schools, and schools located in high, moderate and low socioeconomic neighborhoods. Participants were divided into three groups: never smokers; smokers who did not use cigarettes to self-medicate, improve mood orphysical state; smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate. Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how felt too fired to do things: had trouble going to sleep orstaying asleep; felt unhappy, sad, ordepressed; felt hopeless about the future; felt vexed, antsy ortense; and worried too much about things."Smokers who used cigarettes as mood improvers had higher risks of elevated depressive symptoms than teens who had never smoked," says co-researcher Jennifer O\'Loughlin, a professorat the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine. "Our study found that teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are at higher risk of developing depressive symptoms."The association between depression and smoking exists principally among teens that use cigarettes to feel better. "It\'s important to emphasize that depressive symptom scores were higher among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke," says Dr. Chaiton.【单选题】
A.Whatever
B.Although
C.Whenever
D.what
正确答案:B
答案解析:空格所在的句子虽然缺字,意思还是清楚的,前半句的意思与后半句的意思是相反的。前半句说香烟看上去有助于改善心情,后半句说从长远角度看,depressive symptoms的风险反而会增加。四个选项中只有选项B的Although能将前半句和后半句连接起来,并赋予“让步”的意思。
4、He used to work in a chemical plant, but now he worked in a bank.【单选题】
A.factory
B.forest
C.branch
D.company
正确答案:A
答案解析:plant在此句中表示“工厂”,和factory同义;forest:森林;branch:树枝、分支机构;company:公司。
5、A Tale of Scottish Rural LifeLewis Grassic Gibbon\'s SunsetSong (1932) was voted "the best Scottish novel of all time" by Scottish\'s reading public in 2005. Once considered shocking forits frank description of aspects of the lives of Scotland\'s poorrural farmers, it has been adapted forstage, film, TV and radio in recent decades.The novel is seton the fictional estate of Kinraddie, in the farming country of the Scottish northwest in the years up to and beyond World War I. At its heart is the story of Chris, who is both part of the community and a little outside it.Grassic Gibbon gives us the most detailed and intimate account of the life of his heroine. We watch her grow through a childhood dominated by her cruel but hard-working father; experience tragedy (her mother\'s suicide and murder of her twin children); and learn about her feelings as she grows into woman. We see her marry, lose her husband, then marry again. Chris has seemed so convincing a figure to some female readers that they cannot believe that she is the creation of a man.But it would be misleading to suggest that this book is just about Chris. It is truly a novel of a place and its people. Its opening section tells of Kinraddie\'s long history, in a language that imitates the place\'s changing patterns of speech and writing.The story itself is amazingly full of characters and incidents. It is told from Chris\' point of view but also from that of the gossiping community, a community where everybody knows everybody else\'s business and nothing is ever forgotten.SunsetSong has a social theme too. It is concerned with what Grassic Gibbon perceives as the destruction of traditional Scottish rural life first by modernization and then by World War I. Gibbon tried hard to show how certain characters resist the war. Despite this, the war takes the young men away, a number of them to their deaths. In particular, it takes away Chris\' husband, Ewan Tavendale. The war finally kills Ewan, but not in the way his widow is told In fact, the Germans aren\'t responsible forhis death, but his own side. He is shot because he is said to have run away from a battle.If the novel is about the end of one way of life it also looks ahead, it is a "SunsetSong" but is concerned too with the new Kinraddie, indeed of the new European world Grassic Gibbon went on to publish two other novels about the place that continue its story.Who are responsible forEvan\'s death, according to Chris?【单选题】
A.The Germans.
B.The French army.
C.The British troops.
D.The Russian soldiers.
正确答案:A
答案解析:A:德国人;B:法国军队;C:英国部队;D:俄罗斯士兵。B是正确的。倒数第二段有这么两句话: 战争最后杀死了Ewan,但不是他的寡妇说的那样。事实上,德国人没有杀他,是他自己一边的人杀的。
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