2023年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize AnnouncementsTwo scientists who have won praise fｏｒresearch into the growth of cancer cells could be candidates fｏｒthe Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are presented on Monday, kicking off six days of Nobel announcements. Australian-born U. S. citizen Elizabeth Blackburn ａｎｄ　American Carol Greider have already won a series of medical honors fｏｒtheir enzyme research ａｎｄ　experts say they could be among the front-runners fｏｒa Nobel. Only seven women have won the medicine prize since the first Nobel Prizes were handed out in 1901. The last female winner was U. S. researcher Linda Buck in 2004, who shared the prize with Richard Axel. Among the pair\'s possible rivals are Frenchman Pierre Chambon ａｎｄ　Americans Ronald Evans ａｎｄ　Elwood Jensen, who opened up the field of studying proteins called nuclear hormone receptors. As usual, the award committee is giving no hints about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a news conference at Stockholm\'s Karolinska Institute. Alfred Nobel, the Swede who invented dynamite, established the prizes in his will in the categories of medicine, physics, chemistry, literature ａｎｄ　peace. The economics prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Sweden\'s central bank. Nobel left few instructions on how to select-winners, but medicine winners are typically awarded fｏｒa specific breakthrough rather than a body of research. Hans Jornvall, secretary of the medicine prize committee, said the 10 million kronｏｒ(US$1. 3 million) prize encourages groundbreaking research but he did not think winning it was the primary goal fｏｒscientists. "Individual researchers probably don\'t look at themselves as potential Nobel Prize winners when they\'re at work," Jornvall told The Associated Press. "They get their kicks from their research ａｎｄ　their interest in how life functions. "In 2006, Blackburn, of the University of California, "San Francisco, ａｎｄ　Greider, of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, shared the Lasker prize fｏｒbasic medical research with Jack Szostak of Harvard Medical School. Their work ｓｅｔthe stage fｏｒresearch suggesting that cancer cells use telomerase to sustain their uncontrolled growthWhich is NOT true of Alfred Nobel?【单选题】

A.He was from Sweden.

B.He was the inventｏｒof dynamite.

C.He established the prizes in his will.

D.He gave clear instructions on how to ｓｅｌｅｃｔwinners.

正确答案:D

答案解析:短文的第7段说到，对于如何选拔获奖者诺贝尔并没有多少交代。

2、Seeing Red Means Danger AheadThe colｏｒred often means danger ａｎｄ　by paying attention, accidents can be prevented. In the future, the colｏｒred also may help prevent danger at construction sites. Thanks to new work by engineers, bridge supports ｏｒother kinds of materials, could one day contain a colｏｒ- changing material. It will turn red before a structure collapses ｏｒfalls apart.The secret behind the colｏｒ- changing material is a particular type of molecule (分子). A molecule is aｇｒｏｕｐof atoms (原子) held together by chemical bonds. Molecules come in all shapes ａｎｄ　sizes ａｎｄ　make up everything you can see, touch ｏｒfeel. How a molecule behaves depends on _____ kinds of atoms it contains ａｎｄ　how they\'re held together.When a polymer (聚合物) containing a colｏｒ- changing molecule called a mechanophore (机械响应性聚合物) is about to break, it produces a color. When a polymer with mechanophore molecules becomes "injured" ｏｒweak, one of the mechanophore bonds breaks ａｎｄ　the material turns red. "It\'s a really simple detection method," says Nancy Sottos, one of the scientists who worked on the project. Sottos ａｎｄ　her team tested the colｏｒ- changing polymers in their lab. The test results proved encouraging.There is a way to get rid of the red colｏｒlight. When a bright light is shone on the mechanophore, the broken bond is fixed ａｎｄ　the red colｏｒdisappears. Thus "self - healing" may be a problem fｏｒengineers. They need to use the colｏｒ- changer in big construction projects that will be outside, under sunlight. ａｎｄ　sunlight will make the mechanophore\'s warning system useless.Sottos ａｎｄ　her fellow scientists still have a lot of work to do before the colｏｒ- changing molecules can be used outside the lab.【单选题】

A.why

B.how

C.what

D.where

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度不大，考查宾语从句引导词what的用法，本题可以先看选项，得到信息提示，很明显，答案是C。

3、The Hurricane1. A hurricane (飓风) is a tropical storm with winds that have reached a constant speed of 74 miles per hour. Hurricane winds blow in a large spiral(螺旋) around a relative calm center known as the "eye". The "eye" is generally 20 to 30 miles wide, ａｎｄ　the storm may extend outward 400 miles. As a hurricane nears land, it can bring heavy rains, high winds ａｎｄ　storm surges(风暴潮). The storm surges ａｎｄ　heavy rains can lead to flooding.2. Hurricanes are given a different label, depending on where they occur. If they begin over the North Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, The Gulf of Mexico, ｏｒthe Northeast Pacific Ocean, they are called hurricanes. Similar storms that occur in the Northwest Pacific Ocean west of the Internaional Date Line are called typhoons near Australia ａｎｄ　in the Indian Ocean, they are referred to as tropical cyclones(龙卷风).3. When a hurricane hits land, it can do great damage through its fierce winds, heavy rains, inland(内陆的) flooding ａｎｄ　huge waves crashing on to the shore. During a hurricane, homes, businesses ａｎｄ　public buildings may be damaged ｏｒdestroyed, roads ａｎｄ　bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more people ａｎｄ　destroy more property than any other natural disaster. Fishermen are at special risk from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurricane arrives ａｎｄ　not be able to get to a safe harbｏｒif they do not receive adequate warning.4. If a hurricane is comming in your area, the most important thing is to stay calm ａｎｄ　find shelter immediately. Go to your safe room. If you do not have one, stay indoors during the hurricane ａｎｄ　go to a safer place near the center of your home. Cover yourself with a blanket ａｎｄ　be sure to keep away from windows ａｎｄ　glass doors, because if the glass breaks it’s really dangerous. Do not be fooled if there is lull(暂停), it could be the eye of the storm—winds will pick up again.Depending on where they occur, hurricanes have ______.【单选题】

A.different labels

B.window ａｎｄ　glass doors

C.inlａｎｄ　flooding

D.early warning

E.natural disaster

F.a constant speed

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，在文章第二段的第一句：Hurricanes are given a different label，depending on where they occur.回来看选项，A项符合原文句意，是答案。

4、Strike in MTV NetworksScores of workers from MTV Networks walked off the job yesterday afternoon, filling the sidewalk outside the headquarters of its corporate parent, Viacom, to protest recent changes in benefits. The walkout highlighted the concerns of a category of workers who are sometimes called permalancers： permanent freelancers who work like full-time employees but do not receive the same benefits.Waving signs that read "Shame on Viacom", the workers, most of them in their 20s, demanded that MTV Networks reverse a plan to reduce health ａｎｄ　dental benefits fｏｒfreelancers beginning Jan. 1. In a statement, MTV Networks noted that its benefits program fｏｒfull-time employees had also undergone changes, ａｎｄ　it emphasized that the plan fｏｒfreelancers was still highly competitive within the industry. Many freelancers receive no corporate benefits. But some of the protesters asserted that corporations were competing to see which could provide the most mediocre health care coverage. Matthew Yonda, who works at Nickelodeon, held a sign that labeled the network "Sick-elodeon". "I\'ve worked here every day fｏｒthree years-I\'m not a freelancer," Mr. Yonda said. "They just call us freelancers in ｏｒｃｅｒto bar us from getting the same benefits as employees."The changes to the benefits package were announced last Tuesday. Freelancers were told that they would become eligible fｏｒbenefits after 160 days of work, beginning in January. While that eased previous eligibility rules, which required freelancers to work fｏｒ52 weeks before becoming eligible, it would have required all freelancers not yet eligible fｏｒbenefits to start the waiting period over again on Jan. 1. The 401 (k) plan was also removed On Thursday, acknowledging the complaints, MTV Networks reinstated the 401 (k) plan ａｎｄ　said freelancers who had worked consistently since March would be eligible.Fueled by a series of blog posts on the media web site Gawker-the first post was headlined "The Viacom Permalance Slave System" -a loose cohort of freelancers created protest stickers ａｎｄ　distributed walkout fliers last week. Caroline O\'Hare, a unit manager who has worked fｏｒMTV fｏｒmore than two years, said the new health care plan-with higher deductibles ａｎｄ　a $ 2,000 cap on hospital expenses each year-had provoked outrage. "They think they can treat us like children that don\'t have families, mortgages ｏｒdreams of retirement," she said.Outside Viacom\'s headquarters, several workers held posters with the words, "There\'s too many of us to ignore." It was unclear how many freelancers are on the company\'s payroll; an MTV Networks spokeswoman said the figure was not known because it rises ａｎｄ　falls throughout the year. The company has 5,500 full-time employees, excluding freelancers, around the world.Two freelancers ａｎｄ　one full-time employee, who asked not to be identified fｏｒfear of retribution, estimated that the percentage of freelancers in some departments exceeded 75 percent. Another labｏｒaction is expected to take place outside Viacom later this week. Members of the Writers Guild of America, who have been on strike fｏｒfive weeks, are expected to picket there on Thursday.The word "reinstate" (line 6, paragraph 3) most probably means ______.【单选题】

A.redesign

B.restore

C.repair

D.reset

正确答案:B

答案解析:猜词题。看到这个单词的前缀re，就应该断定这个单词含有“重新”或“重复”的含义，再根据题干返回原文定位，401方案被取消，遭到员工的抗议，MTV又恢复了该方案，故正确答案为B。

5、Cell Phone Lets Your Secret OutYour cell phone holds secrets about you. Besides the names ａｎｄ　numbers that you\'ve programmed into it, traces of your DNA linger on the device, according to a new study.DNA is genetic material that appears in every cell. Like your fingerprint, your DNA is unique to you- because you have an identical twin. Scientists today routinely analyze DNA in blood, saliva, ｏｒhair left behind at the scene of a crime. The results often help detectives identify criminals ａｎｄ　their victims. Your cell phone can reveal more about you than you might think.Meghan J. McFadden, a scientist at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, heard about a crime in which the suspect bled onto a cell phone ａｎｄ　later dropped the device. This made her wonder whether traces of DNA lingered on cell phones even when no blood was involved. So she ａｎｄ　colleague Margaret Wallace of the City University of New York analyzed the flip open phones of 10 volunteers. They used swabs to collect invisible traces of the users from two parts of the phone: the outside, where the user holds it, ａｎｄ　the ______, which is placed at the user\'s ear.The scientists scrubbed the phones using a solution made mostly of alcohol. The aim of washing was to remove all detectable traces of DNA. The owners got their phones back fｏｒanother week. Then the researchers collected the phones ａｎｄ　repeated the swabbing of each phone once more.The scientists discovered DNA that belonged to the phone\'s speaker on each of the phones. Better samples were collected from the outside of each phone, those swabs also picked up DNA that belonged to other people who had apparently also handled the phone. Surprisingly, DNA showed up even in swabs that were taken immediately after the phones were scrubbed. That suggests that washing won\'t remove all traces of evidence from a criminal\'s device. So cell phones can now be added to the list of clues that can clinch a crime scene investigation.【单选题】

A.card

B.keys

C.screen

D.speaker

正确答案:D

答案解析:研究者从手机的两部分收集手机微量DNA：一是手机外壳，二是喇叭。贴在耳朵上的不可能是card、screen和keys。

6、Lakes, Too, Feel Global WarmingThere\'s no doubt, In the last few decades, the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it has been in hundreds of years. Around the world, people are starting to measure the effects of global warming ａｎｄ　trying to figure out what to do about it.Scientist recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world ａｎｄ　they found that lakes are heating up. Between 1985 ａｎｄ　2009, satellites recorded the night time temperatures of the surfaces of 167 lakes. During those 24 years, the lakes got warmer by an average of about 0.045 degree Celsius per year.In some places, lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate, a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius in just 10 years. That difference may seem small you might not even notice it in your bath. But in a lake, slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae (水藻) ａｎｄ　algae can make the lake poisonous to fish.The study shows that in some regions, lakes are warming faster than the air around them. This is important because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how Earth is warming. By using lake temperatures as well, scientists can get a better picture of global warming. The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.That\'s going to be useful, since no matter the country is too big ｏｒtoo small can\'t ignore climate changes. Scientists aren\'t the only ones concerned. Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be affected by the rapid warming of the planet. Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it, especially by reducing the amount of greenhouse(温室) gases we put into the air.That\'s why the United Nations started the Framework Convention on Climate Change, ｏｒUNFCCC. Every year the convention meets, ａｎｄ　representatives from countries around the world gather to talk about climate change ａｎｄ　discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.Scientists generally focus on air temperatures when studying global warming.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，在文章第四段第二句This is important because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how Earth is warming.谈到科学家在研究地球变暖问题时需要测量空气的温度，题干和原文句意相符，答案是A。

7、So far no one has been able to account fｏｒthe cause of the accident. 【单选题】

A.assess

B.explain

C.describe

D.investigate

正确答案:B

答案解析:account for和explain同义，解释、说明；assess:评估；describe:描述；investigate:调查。

8、The policemen acted quickly because lives were at stake.【单选题】

A.in danger

B.in difficulty

C.in despair

D.out of control

正确答案:A

答案解析:因生命危在旦夕，警察迅速行动。本题有一定难度，虽然选项都是常用的固定介词词组，但干扰项干扰较大。Atstake和in danger都有“在危险中”的意思，是近义词。B项指“在困难中”，C项指“处于绝望中”，D项指“失去控制”，最佳答案是A。

9、Light Night, Dark StarsThousands of people around the globe step outside to gaze at their night sky. On a clear night, with no clouds, moonlight, ｏｒartificial lights to block the view, people can see more than 14,000 stars in the sky, says Dennis Ward, an astronomer(天文学家) with the University Corporation fｏｒAtmospheric Research( UCAR) in Boulder, Colo. But when people are surrounded by city lights, he says, they\'re lucky to see 150 stars.If you\'ve ever driven toward a big city at night ａｎｄ　seen its glow from a great distance, you\'ve witnessed light pollution. It occurs when light from streetlights, office buildings, signs, ａｎｄ　other sources streams into space ａｎｄ　illuminates (照亮) the night sky. This haze (朦胧) of light makes many stars invisible to people on Earth. Even at night, big cities like New York glow from light pollution, making stargazing difficult.Dust ａｎｄ　particles of pollution factories ａｎｄ　industries worsen the effects of light pollution. "If one city has a lot more light pollution than another," Ward says, "that city will suffer the effects of light pollution on a much greater scale."Hazy skies also make it far more difficult fｏｒastronomers to do their jobs.Cities are getting larger. Suburbs are growing in once dark, rural areas. Light from all this new development is increasingly obscuring (使变模糊) the faint (微弱的) light give off by distant stars. ａｎｄ　if scientists can\'t locate these objects, they can\'t learn more about them.Light pollution doesn\'t only affect star visibility. It can harm wild life too. It\'s clear that artificial light can attract animals, making them go off course. There\'s increasing evidence, fｏｒexample, that migrating (迁徙) birds use sunsets ａｎｄ　sunrises to help find their way, says Sydney Gauthreaux Jr. , a scientist at Clemson University in South Carolina, "When light occurs at night," he says, "it has a very disruptive (破坏性的) influence." Sometimes birds fly into lighted towers, high - rises, ａｎｄ　cables from radio ａｎｄ　television towers. Experts estimate that millions of birds die this way every year.On a clear night, people can see ______.【单选题】

A.150 stars

B.hundreds of stars

C.one thousａｎｄ　stars

D.more than 14,000 stars

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，在文章第一段第二句，这句话主要谈到，在晴朗的夜晚人们能看到14，000多颗星星，回来看选项，D项符合原文句意，是答案。

10、Houses of the FutureWhat will houses be like in thirty years\' time? No one really knows, but architects are trying to predict. _____Future houses will have to be flexible. In thirty years\' time even more of us will be working from home. So we will have to be able to use areas of the house fｏｒwork fｏｒpart of the day ａｎｄ　fｏｒliving fｏｒthe rest. Families grow ａｎｄ　change with children arriving, growing up ａｎｄ　leaving home. The house of the future will have to grow ａｎｄ　change with the family. Nothing will be as fixed as it is now. The house will always be changing to meet changing needs.Everyone agrees that in thirty years\' time we will be living in "intelligent" houses. We will be able to talk to our kitchen machines ａｎｄ　discuss with them what to do. Like this, "We\'ll be having a party this weekend. What food shall we cook?" ａｎｄ　the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy ａｎｄ　how to cook it. We will be able to leave most of the cooking to the machines, just tasting things from time to time to check.The house of the future will be personal, each house will be different. You will be able to change the colｏｒof the wall easily.You won\'t have to paint them-you\'ll be able to tell the wall to change the color! ａｎｄ　if you don\'t like the colｏｒthe next day, you will be able to have a new one. The only thing you won\'t be able to do is move the house somewhere else!【单选题】

A.You will be able to change the colｏｒof the wall easily.

B.The only thing you won\'t be able to do is move the house somewhere else!

C.ａｎｄ　the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy ａｎｄ　how to cook it.

D.What will our home be like then?

E.The house of the future will have to grow ａｎｄ　change with the family.

F.The kids might take their bedrooms with them as they leave.

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题的难度较大。需要认真阅读文章，特别是第一段和第二段，可用排除法和代入法。本题的上文谈到了没有人会知道30年后房子是什么样子，但建筑家们正在努力地预测。开头第一句用的是疑问句，下文的第一句就谈到未来的房子要十分灵活，用的是陈述句，可以推测此处很可能继续对未来房屋进行发问来展开文章的叙述，回来看选项，可以先排除A，B，C，F项，把D，E代入文章里，可以发现，D更能符合上下文语境和逻辑，是最佳答案。