2023年职称英语考试《综合类》考试共65题，分为单选题。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、African wild dogFinding a babysitter while you go out to work is, fｏｒexample, an inconvenience. Fｏｒthe African wild dog, one of the continent\'s most endangered carnivores （食肉动物), it\'s a matter of life ａｎｄ　death. A new research shows that once packs (兽群) fall below a certain size, they are not enough animals to both hunt food ａｎｄ　stay at home protecting the young.The African wild dog has declined drastically over the past century. Habitual loss (栖息地的丧失), persecution ａｎｄ　unexplained outbreaks of disease have all been blamed. Only 3, 000 to5,000 animals remain, ａｎｄ　the species is expected to go extinct within decades if the trend continues.Other large carnivores such as the spotted hyena (鬣狗) face similar pressures, yet are not declining. Now Franck Courchamp of Cambridge University has found a reason why. The dog\'s weakness lies in its social organization.Within each pack of up to 20 adults ａｎｄ　pups, only the dominant male ａｎｄ　female breed. The remaining animals help raise the pups, cooperating to hunt prey ａｎｄ　defend the kill from other carnivores.Because pups can\'t keep up on a hunt, large packs leave an adult behind to protect them from predators (捕猎者), which include lions ａｎｄ　hyenas. But leaving a babysitter also carries costs. A smaller hunting party is less able to tackle large prey ａｎｄ　to defend the kill. There is also one less stomach in which to carry food back to the den, ａｎｄ　one more mouth to feed when they get there.Courchamp investigated this awkward trade-off (权衡) by modeling how the costs of a babysitter change with decreasing pack size. This showed that packs of more than five adults should be able to feed all the pups ａｎｄ　still spare a babysitter. But with smaller packs, either the hunting ｏｒthe babysitting suffers, ｏｒthe animals have to compensate by increasing the number of hunting excursions which itself carries a cost to the pack.Field observations in Zimbabwe supported the model. Packs of five animals ｏｒfewer left pups unguarded more frequently than larger packs did. There was also evidence that when they did leave a babysitter, they were forced to hunt more often.A pack which drops below a critical size becomes caught in a vicious circle (恶性循环), says Courchamp, who is now at Paris-Sud University. "Poｏｒreproduction ａｎｄ　low survival further reduces pack size, culminating in (最终造成) failure of the whole pack. " ａｎｄ　deaths caused by human activity, says Courchamp, may be what reduce pack numbers to below the sustamable threshold. Mammal ecologist Chris Carbone at London\'s Institute of Zoology agrees. Maintaining the integrity of wild dog packs will be vitalin preserving the species, he says.The remaining lions will die out within decades.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:文章第5段提到了“狮子”，但没有说狮子也是濒于灭绝的一种大型食肉动物，尽管事实确是如此。

2、The Beginning of American LiteratureAmerican has always been a lａｎｄ　of beginnings. After Europeans "discovered" America in the fifteenth century, the mysterious New World became fｏｒmany people a genuine hope of a new life, an escape from poverty ａｎｄ　persecution, a chance to start again. We can say that, as nation, America begins with that hope. When, however, does American literature begin?American literature begins with American experiences. Long before the first colonists arrived, before Christopher Columbus, before the Northmen who "found" America about the year 1,000, Native Americans lived here. Each tribe\'s literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life ａｎｄ　reflected the unmistakably American experience of lining with the land. Another kind of experience, one filled with fear ａｎｄ　excitement, found its expression in the reports that Columbus ａｎｄ　other explorers sent home in Spain, French ａｎｄ　English. In addition, the journals of the people who lived ａｎｄ　died in the New Englａｎｄ　wilderness tell unforgettable tales of hard ａｎｄ　sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years.Experience, then, is the key to early American literature. The New World provided a great variety of experiences, ａｎｄ　these experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers. These writers included John Smith, who spent only two-and-a-half years on the American continent. They included Jonathan Edwards ａｎｄ　William Byrd, who thought of themselves as British subjects, never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own. American Indians, explorers, Puritan ministers, frontier wives, plantation owner-they are all the creators of the first American literature.The main purpose of the last paragraph is to tell the readers that .【单选题】

A.in the early days most American writers were from Great Britain

B.people with rich life experiences became writers

C.there were many writers in the early days of American history

D.early-day experience provided the foundation fｏｒAmerican literature

正确答案:D

答案解析:这一段的第1句是本段的主题句，而D则是该主题句的释义。

3、Pronouncing a LanguagePronouncing a language is a skill. Every normal person is an expert in the skill of pronouncing his own language; but few people are even fairly proficient at pronouncing foreign languages. Now there are many reasons fｏｒthis, some obvious, some perhaps not so obvious. But I suggest that the basic reason why people in general do not speak foreign languages very much better than they do native language is that they fail to understａｎｄ　the true nature of the problem of learning to pronounce. Far too many people fail to realize that pronouncing a foreign language is a skill----one that needs careful training of a special kind, ａｎｄ　one that cannot be gained by just leaving it to take care of itself. I think even teachers of language, while realizing the importance of a good accent, often neglect, in their practical teaching, the branch of study concerned with speaking the language. So the first point I want to make is that English pronunciation must be taught; the teacher should be prepared to devote some of the lesson time to this, ａｎｄ　get the student to feel that here is a matter worthy of receiving his close attention. So, there should be occasions when other aspects of English, such as grammar ｏｒspelling, are allowed fｏｒthe moment to take second place.Besides this question of the time given to pronunciation, there are two other requirements fｏｒthe teacher: the first, knowledge; the second, technique.It is also possible to get a clear mental picture of the relationship between the sounds of different languages, between the speech habits of English people ａｎｄ　those, say, of your students. Unless the teacher has such a picture, any comments he may make on his students\' pronunciation are unlikely to be of much use, ａｎｄ　lesson time spent on pronunciation may well be time wasted.What does a student who masters correct speech habits depend on?【单选题】

A.The teacher\'s proper teaching technique

B.The learning of grammar .

C.The knowledge of spelling

D.The teacher\'s teaching method fｏｒpronunciation

正确答案:D

答案解析:根据最后一段提到“除非老师……，否则对学生发音训练的指导就不会有大用处，用在发音训练上花的时间就是浪费”。这句话的意思说的更明确些就是，教师的授课技巧，因此答案是D。

4、Intelligent Machines1. Medical scientists are already putting computer chips (芯片) directly into the brain to help people who have Parkinson\'s disease, but in what other ways might computer technology be able to help us? Ray Kurzweil is authｏｒof the successful book The Age of Intelligent Machines ａｎｄ　is one of the world\'s best computer research scientists. He is researching the possibilities.2. Kurzweil gets computers to recognize voices. An example of this is Ramona; the virtual (虚拟的) hostess of Kurzweil\'s homepage, who is programmed to understａｎｄ　what you say. Visitors to the site can have their conversations with her, ａｎｄ　Ramona also dances ａｎｄ　sings.3. Kurzweil uses this technology to help people with physical disabilities. One of his ideas is a "seeing machine". This will be "like a friend that could describe what is going on in the visible world", he explains. Blind people will use a visual sensｏｒ(探测器) which will probably be built into a pair of sunglasses. This sensｏｒwill describe to the person everything it sees.4. Another idea, which is likely to help deaf people, is the "listening machine". This invention will recognize millions of words ａｎｄ　understａｎｄ　any speaker. The listening machine will also be able to trans late into other languages, so even people without hearing problems are likely to be interested in using it.5. But it is not just about helping people with disabilities. Looking further into the future, Kurzweil sees a time when we will be able to download our entire consciousness onto a computer. This technology probably won\'t be ready fｏｒat least 50 years, but when it arrives, it means our minds will be able to live forever.Ray Kurzweil works with computers to help people ____.【单选题】

A.what you say

B.a pair of sunglasses

C.the listening machine

D.a visual sensor

E.who have disabilities

F.living forever in a computer

正确答案:E

答案解析:本题难度不大，是针对第三段的开头的主旨句出题，考生可根据题干提示词回到文章定位，找到这个主旨句，Kurzweil uses this technology to help people with physical disabilities，再结合选项，不难发现，E项who have physical disabilities就是对这个主旨句的近义改写，是答案。

5、Preparations fｏｒInterviewThe first thing you have to prepare fｏｒa job interview is to write your resume. Most of all, the resume should emphasize all the related experience you have had. The resume should be clear ａｎｄ　you should keep in mind that the person reading it will probably be reading many other resumes. The best thing you can do is to . make it obvious why you can do the job better than anybody else. Your resume should be neat ａｎｄ　if possible , typed, the biggest advantage of a typed resume is that it is easy to read.Once you have organized your resume, check your closet. Special attention should be allowed to what you will wear fｏｒthe interview. You don\'t want to be dressed up as if you were going to a party, but you also don\'t want to be over-dressed. You should consider setting your hair trimmed before the interview. Remember that neatness counts. You should be neat in your appearance as well as in resume.Finally, you must keep in mind that ______ do not like people to smoke ｏｒchew gum during an interview. The basic reason fｏｒthis may be that you appear too relaxed. Remember you are not visiting a friend; you are trying to get a job. If you follow all of the above advice, you have a good chance of getting the job you desire.【单选题】

A.friends

B.parents

C.employers

D.interview

正确答案:C

答案解析:面试中要面对雇主，因而选employer。

6、A Country\'s Standard of LivingThe "standard of living" of any country means the average person\'s share of the goods ａｎｄ　services the country produces. A country\'s standard of living, therefore, depends first on its capacity to produce wealth. "Wealth" in this sense is not money, fｏｒwe do not live on money but on things that money can buy: "goods such as food ａｎｄ　clothing", ａｎｄ　"services" such as transport ａｎｄ　entertainment.A country\'s capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a country\'s natural resources. Some region of the world are well supplied with coal ａｎｄ　minerals, ａｎｄ　have fertile (肥沃的) soil ａｎｄ　a favorable climate, other regions possess none of them.Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use, China is perhaps as rich as the USA in natural resources, but suffered fｏｒmany years from civil ａｎｄ　external wars, Fｏｒthis ａｎｄ　other reasons it was unable to develop her resources. Sound ａｎｄ　stable political conditions, ａｎｄ　freedom from foreign invasions, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully ａｎｄ　steadily, to produce more ____ than other country.A country\'s standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced ａｎｄ　consumed within its own borders, but also upon what is directly produced through international trade. Fｏｒexample, Britain\'s wealth in foodstuffs ａｎｄ　other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possible fｏｒher surplus (剩余的) manufactured goods to be traded abroad fｏｒthe agricultural products which would otherwise be lacking. A country\'s wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity, providing that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.【单选题】

A.wealth

B.report

C.effect

D.result

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题难度不大，干扰项干扰不强。可以先看选项，得到信息提示，结合原文，很明显，此处要使用wealth，“财富”，最佳答案是A。

7、Why People Use Pseudonyms (假名字)?You can\'t choose the name you are given at birth, but in many countries you can change it legally when you reach adulthood. Of course, most people never change their names even if they feel unhappy about them. However some people do take this course of action－particularly artists! What makes an artist want to change their name? Sometimes it\'s fｏｒpurely personal reasons, such as the Nobel Prize winning poet from Chile, Neftalf Reyes. He didn\'t want his father to know he was writing poetry, so he changed his name to Pablo Neruda when he was a young man. At other times the reason may appear strange, take the case of the Portuguese poet Femando Pessoa, who wrote under 75 different names. The reason? "When I use a different name, I always write in a different way," he explained. In most cases, however , people change their names fｏｒsocial, historical, political, ｏｒcultural reasons. Here are some of the most common: reason. The person\'s real name is just too long ａｎｄ　difficult to remember. Let\'s be honest, Madonna Louise Ciccone is not as easy to remember as just plain Madonna. ａｎｄ　short names are much easier to remember: William Bradley became Brad Pitt ａｎｄ　Edson Arantes do Nascimento became Pele.Sometimes names are changed fｏｒmarketing purposes. Fｏｒexample, if a name sounds too foreign, it may be changed to something that is more recognizable in a ____ . So in the film world, Ramon Estsvez adopted the name Martin Sheen. ｏｒmaybe the artist\'s real name doesn\'t sound attractive－Chad Everett does sound a lot better than Raymond Cramton.Artists sometimes choose the name of someone they admire. Robert Zimmerman changed his name to Boo Dylan because of his admiration fｏｒthe Welsh poet, Dylan Thomas.Another reason may be practical: in the past, women found it very difficult to get published. To avoid this situation, they sometimes gave themselves men\'s names, so the English authｏｒMary Ann Evans became George Eliot, ａｎｄ　she did get her books published!【单选题】

A.market

B.film

C.book

D.city

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题有一定难度，难度在理解原文。文中此处还是要表达“市场”的意思，最佳答案是A。

8、Longer Lives Are Happier Lives1 In recent years, scientists have been studying ways to change the body\'s chemistry to reduce the signs ａｎｄ　effects of aging.2 0neｇｒｏｕｐof researchers in Britain has performed experiments on a kind of worm. They have managed to increase the worm\'s normal life span of 20 days by up to 400%. They hope that they will be able to use this research to help humans live longer. However, this is a long way in the future. Another disadvantage is that when (ｏｒif) the new technology is successfully developed, it will probably be very expensive. The chance to live longer will only be available to a very few, very rich people.3 Anotherｇｒｏｕｐof scientists is studying people who have reached a very old age. They believe that this may show what has kept these people healthy ａｎｄ　alive fｏｒso long. So, if we look at people who have lived into very old age, what do they have in common? Usually they have led a physically active life. This does not mean going to a gym ｏｒrunning ten miles every day. Simple, enjoyable activities like walking seem to be more likely to keep you healthy. Very old people also eat a good, varied diet. Simple foods like vegetable, rice, pasta ａｎｄ　fish are the best.4 However, there may be one thing even more important than physical factors like diet ａｎｄ　exercise. Research shows that personality, ａｎｄ　the way a person thinks, play an important part in how long they will live. People who live into very old age always seem to enjoy life. They have a sense of humｏｒａｎｄ　get satisfaction from simple things. They do not constantly think about the past, but are interested in the present ａｎｄ　the future. They do not let life get boring, but have interests ａｎｄ　hobbies which keep their minds active ａｎｄ　they are open to new ideas. One Japanese man who lived to be 120 commented that the secret of his long life was "not worrying". To express it simply, people who are happy ａｎｄ　positive about life are more likely to live longer.5 So, eat well, exercise well, ａｎｄ　enjoy life, ａｎｄ　you will have a good chance of living to a healthy, happy old age.Paragraph 4 ____【单选题】

A.How to live happy old age

B.Disadvantages of the project

C.The study of old people

D.Personality ａｎｄ　other mental factors are more important

E.Worms live longer than humans

F.Live simple lives

正确答案:D

答案解析:上一段讲的是身体方面的健康。段首用了however，将话题引到精神健康上来，并且详细阐述了这些老寿星的精神生活，因此选D。

9、Some Unusual CelebrationsSome holidays are well - known all around the world. Among them are New Year\'s Eve Celebrations. Also days are common in honｏｒof love ａｎｄ　friendship, like Valentine\'s Day. Each country has its own special holidays too, to mark important events in its history. Schools, banks, ａｎｄ　government offices all close on days like these. Some of the days people celebrate, however, are less serious. A few of them are really very strange.Of course, they are not strange to the people who celebrate them. Perhaps that is because the celebrations have long traditions. Consider April Fool\'s Day, fｏｒexample. No one knows when ｏｒwhy it began. Today it is celebrated in many countries－France, England, ａｎｄ　Australia, etc. On this day, people play practical jokes. Jokes are supposed to be funny, but these jokes do not make everyone laugh. The ones who laugh are the ones playing the jokes. The people they fool often get angry. Does celebrating this day make sense to you?Dyngus Day in Polａｎｄ　seems strange, too. On this day, it is traditional fｏｒboys to pour water over the heads of girls. Here is the strangest part: they do it to girls they like.Other unusual celebrations take place in a single city ｏｒtown. A holiday called La Tomatina is celebrated in Bunol, Spain. Every year, in late August, big trucks carry more than 200,000 pounds of tomatoes into this little town. Then begins the world\'s biggest food fight. Fｏｒtwo hours, people in the streets throw tomatoes at each other. Everyone ends up red from head to toe.August 10 marks the start of the Puck Fair, an Irish festival with a very unusual tradition. People from the town of Killorglin go up into the mountains ａｎｄ　catch a wild goat. ____There are also some celebrations that are really strange. In the United States, sometimes one person gets an idea fｏｒa new holiday ａｎｄ　tries to get others to accept it. Whose idea was Public Sleeping Day? That one is on February 28. It may seem strange, but it sounds like more fun than the one on February 9. That is supposed to be Toothache Day.Do you like the idea of inventing a new holiday? If you do, then you will want to mark March 26 on your calendar. That is Make Up Your Own Holiday Day.【单选题】

A.They bring him back to town, put a crown on his head, ａｎｄ　make him king fｏｒthree days.

B.Some of the days people celebrate, however, are less serious.

C.That is supposed to be Toothache Day.

D.Then begins the world\'s biggest food fight.

E.Some people have fun imagining new holidays.

F.Jokes are supposed to be funny, but these jokes do not make everyone laugh.

正确答案:A

答案解析:本题有一定难度，文章此处讨论的是爱尔兰一个奇怪的节日，山羊节，回来看选项，只有A符合上下文逻辑，是答案。

10、RobotsThe most sophisticated (先进的) Japanese robots, which have vision systems ａｎｄ　work at very high speeds, are still based on American designs. Studies of robots, particularly computer control software, are considered to be generally less advanced in Japan than in America ｏｒEurope.Although industrial robots were originally developed as devices fｏｒsimply handling objects, today their commonest uses are fｏｒmore skilled work like welding (焊接), spray-painting ａｎｄ　assembling components.In Britain robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive ａｎｄ　partly because engineers now have more experience with robots ａｎｄ　are more aware of the difficulties of introducing them effectively.It has been calculated that a robot uses on average about 100 times more energy than a human to do an equivalent job.It is estimated that 20% of all comic book heroes in Japan are robots. This is an enormous number because comics are so popular that they make up a third of all material published in Japan. The reliability of robots is measured in their MTBF ｏｒmean time between failures. This has risen from about 250 hours in the mid-1970s to about 10,000 hours today (equivalent to working 18 hours a day fｏｒtwo years). One way robot manufacturers have increased reliability is to test every single component they buy, instead of the normal procedure of just testing a small .sample.The biggest single benefit of introducing robots claimed by Japanese companies is that they increase quality control. One programmed robots can work more accurately ａｎｄ　consistently than humans, who can get tired ａｎｄ　bored.The use of robots increases________.【单选题】

A.too much energy

B.based on American designs

C.they are too costly

D.they are not reliable

E.quality control

F.free of charge

正确答案:E

答案解析:根据“题目顺序与段落顺序基本对应”的出题规律，可定位到最后一段。最后一段共两句话，其中第一句The biggest single benefit of introducing robots claimed by Japanese companies is that they increase quality control中提到，日本公司宣称引进机器人最大的好处在于可以提高对产品质量的控制。E选项是对该句的同义改写，故E为正确答案。